1. Types of resources. Problems of Non-renewable energy & methods to reduce pollution and conserve resources.

4. A resource is anything we can use to help us live and work Oil, coal, gas, trees, soil, wind, waves, sun, people, the countryside, water, rocks etc Conflict over ownership, depletion, pollution

6. WHY HAS RESOURCE USE INCREASED? Try to think of as many reasons why resource use has increased as possible. Make a list in the back of your book. Population Increase Increase in Technology Increase in purchasing power in LEDCs Increase in disposable income.

7. Fuel Use Describe the pattern of fuel use shown on the map above. Give reasons for the pattern seen.

8. Wealth (1990) Fuel Use (2002)

11. Can you write down a definitions for the following key words: Natural resource Renewable resource Non-renewable resource Energy Fuel

17. Do you know your energy sources? Odd-one-out: Energy Copy the first line, circle the odd-one-out, and say why it is the odd-one-out. Write a word that could replace the odd-one-out. Copy the next line, and so on…. 1. Water. Wind. Coal. 2. Oil. Gas. Sun. 3. Electricity. Oil. Coal. 4. HEP. River. Nuclear. 5. River. Reservoir. Ocean. 6. Farm. Village. Mountain.

18. Energy sources – Britain (2002) Look at the pie chart below. Describe the patterns that you can see. Can you give reasons for the patterns?

19. Non-renewable energy resources Non-renewable types of energy can only be used once. There is a finite amount of these materials on the Earth so they will run out eventually. Non-renewable resources make up approximately 95% of the world’s energy. fossil fuels nuclear coal gas oil fuelwood Non-renewable energy biomass mineral

20. Fossil fuels – How much is left ? Why are these only ‘estimated’ reserves ?

22. Advantages of using fossil fuels

24. Acid Rain

25. How can acid rain be managed? gas flue desulfurization (water is sprayed down the chimneys and this turns the gases to sulfuric and nitric acids) construct taller chimneys use less energy more efficiently fluidized bed technology (limestone is burnt with the coal so that the sulfur remains with the limestone) burn coal that contains less sulfur use more nuclear or renewable energy Which of these schemes would prevent acid rain?

26. Acid Rain 1) Explain how our use of resources is responsible for acid rain . 2) List the effects of acid rain. 3) Why is acid rain an international concern.

27. Environmental Concerns COPY Global warming = the warming of the Earth’s atmosphere, probably due to increased emissions of carbon dioxide. 1) Where do carbon dioxide emissions come from? 2) Explain why you think carbon dioxide emissions have increased over the last 50 years. 3) Draw a spider diagram to show how you think global warming will affect the world. Global Warming

28. Greenhouse Effect

31. The predicted impacts of global warming on the world. Bangladesh is already prone to flooding, so rising water levels could devastate the country. Rising temperatures worldwide would cause ski resorts to be wrecked as heat will melt the snow & ice there. Water shortages in the Middle East would cause the River Nile to dry up due to intense evaporation. Mediterranean beaches will vanish as water levels rise. Sahara desert could move northwards, even as far as Spain. Arctic ice cap melts. Heavy storms not only threaten southern USA, but also the insurance companies in the area face bankruptcy. Forests are damaged by heat and drought Permafrost ground will melt, causing massive landslides. Oil pipelines, houses and road foundations will be disintegrated

32. Below are a list of things that could be done to try to tackle global warming. You must sort them out into three categories: A) Individual Actions B) National Actions C) Global Actions Switch off lights & appliances Taxes on high polluting industries Choose energy efficient appliances Sign up to the Kyoto Protocol Recycle Use less fossil fuels and more renewable energy sources Use energy efficient transport Car sharing Improved public transport Higher taxes on polluting cars Grants for businesses that have clean policies Energy efficient light bulbs Offset carbon emissions Local Holidays

37. How else can we preserve resources and reduce pollution? Energy sources that can be used instead of fossil fuels. These can include nuclear or renewable sources such as wind or solar. Alternative Energy Sources Measures to stop emission reaching atmosphere or cleaning the emissions before they do. For example. fitting giant scrubbers on coal power stations, trying to switch from coal to gas power stations and fitting catalytic converters to cars. Reducing Pollution Measures to reduce heat and energy loss. Individually this means switching off lights, using low energy light bulbs, insulating our homes. Also government has introduced building regulations and energy efficiency ratings on electrical products, more energy efficient cars – car in Europe is on average 90% cleaner than 10 years ago. Energy Efficiency Recovery of waste products by converting them into materials that can be used again. For example glass bottles, aluminium cans (only uses 5% of energy it takes to make them from scratch) Recycling This is where you use one product in place of another one. For example using aluminium instead of tin cans as it is cheaper and easier to recycle. Resource Substitution

41. Describe what Figure 14 shows about the claims on Antarctica and its resources by different countries. 4 Marks Explain why there is an increasing demand for resources such as those found in Antarctica. 4 Marks