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- 1. Arduino 101 // Further Techniques // Ben Freeth // 080314
- 4. What are these? • Assume: the Earth. Or, smaller domain, but assume that’s the largest space you have to look in • Use the time • Ask someone • Association: who or what are you near? • Proximity to phone boxes, public transport stops and utility markings • Use a map • Which cell/public phone operators are available? • Phone number syntax • Newspapers available • Languages being spoken • Street names • Street corners / intersections • Street numbers • Business names • Mobile phone location (triangulation / triliteration) • Triangulation / Triliteration on other radio infrastructures e.g. TV, Radio, Public Wi-Fi • GPS, assisted GPS, WAAS, and other GPS enhancements • Landmarks and “littlemarks” • Dead reckoning
- 5. August 1956: GPS prognostication // A network of geosynchronous satellites circling the globe
- 8. Determining Position – distance is only part of this (1D)
- 9. What? What?
- 10. Receivers
- 11. NMEA 0183 protocol Serial Protocol 4800 bits per second (Baud Rate) 8 data bits No parity 1 stop bit Send via RS-232 or TTL serial levels
- 12. Data in the NMEA protocol
- 13. Data in the NMEA protocol
- 14. $GPRMC,15525.000,A,4043.8432,N,07359.7654,W,0.10,11.88,200407, , *20 Message Identifier Time (GMT) Status of data (valid = A, not valid = V) (Active, Void) Latitude North South Indicator Longitude East/West Indicator Speed Over Ground Course Over Ground Date Magnetic Variation Mode Checksum
- 15. Mouna Andraos & Sonali Sridhar
- 18. Soul Walker 10 Year Map Of Berlin Soul gpx track on openstreetmap background showing 3-day trip to UK and path of soul
- 19. "the study of the precise laws and specific effects of the geographical environment, consciously organized or not, on the emotions and behavior of individuals.” "a whole toy box full of playful, inventive strategies for exploring cities... just about anything that takes pedestrians off their predictable paths and jolts them into a new awareness of the urban landscape."
- 20. Philipp Ronnenberg Maps as power…. http://www.openps.info
- 21. -165 dBm sensitivity, 10 Hz updates, 66 channels Low power module - only 20mA current draw, half of most GPS's Assembled & tested shield for Arduino Uno/Duemilanove/Diecimila/Leonardo MicroSD card slot for datalogging onto a removable card RTC battery included, for up to 7 years backup Built-in datalogging to flash PPS output on fix >25Km altitude Internal patch antenna + u.FL connector for external active antenna Power, Pin #13 and Fix status LED Big prototyping area
- 22. Direct Connect - Soft Serial selected - Bare Minimum Sketch - Use the serial monitor to look at the raw strings 9600 baud
- 23. Need – Adafruit_GPS library https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit-GPS-Library Leo Echo (test this sketch) SoftwareSerial mySerial(8, 7); // Make sure these are set in the code Find the line about the Uno – uncomment the line recommended Look at SoftwareSerial on Arduino.cc to understand what it does: http://arduino.cc/en/Reference/SoftwareSerial?action=sourceblock&num=1 All data? Or just some of the NMEA sentences? Logging – need SD library (give them yours) // they have this shield_sdlog (arduino ino file to use to log data)
- 24. Go and collect some data
- 26. In summary: You should now have a good understanding of creating interactive projects that utilise GPS for locating where someone or something is
- 27. • • • • • • Pick a location Write code to determine how far you are away from this location using GPS Display this data on an lcd screen Try out the TinyGPS++ library Specifically the courseTo() function (should enable autonomous route finding) Teach yourself to write functions in Arduino IDE – there are many online resources for this
- 28. Parsing Data Processing Open Office Excel .kml files Google Maps // Hamster Map
- 29. Extending this Drone UAV // unmanned flight Waymarkers // missions Gps in wearables… context location aware… - papers about this??
Notas del editor
- Here’s what were going to learn about today…3 things:1) Lookat GPS and data logging in depth so you can Incorporate high quality geospatial data into your projects2)Learn how to use arduino to do this3)Go out and create some logs then begin to think about parsing these.
- What is for ?????What do we use this for?Who has one???Original purposeNavigationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Watch
- Combination of technological methods and interpretation of cultural and behavioural cues
- Combination of technological methods and interpretation of cultural and behavioural cuesList is a useful tool when planning interactive projects that involve location
- Diving trincomale / Sri Lanka
- Aug 56Dear Andy,Odd that we should have crossed in the post!I am afraid that I am too much out of touch with current communication theory and technique to provide much of value for you. (In any event, all my war-time experience was in radar, not radio.)As you may know, my main interest in this subject is in the use of satellite relays, which I think may revolutionise the pattern of world communications. To the best of my knowledge, I was the first to suggest this possibility (see "Extraterrestrial Relays", Wireless World, October 45). By another odd coincidence I've just sent my agent an article on these lines, entitled "The Billion Dollar Moon", giving my latest view on this subject. My general conclusions are that perhaps in 30 years the orbital relay system may take over all the functions of existing surface networks and provide others quite impossible today. For example, the three stations in the 24-hour orbit could provide not only an interference and censorship-free global TV service for the same power as a single modern transmitter, but could also make possible a position-finding grid whereby anyone on earth could locate himself by means of a couple of dials on an instrument about the size of a watch. (A development of Decca and transistorisation.) It might even make possible world-wide person-to-person radio with automatic dialling. Thus no-one on the planet need ever get lost or become out of touch with the community, unless he wanted to be. I'm still thinking about the social consequences of this!But as for details of frequencies and powers, I'll have to leave that to the experts to work out; I'll get on with my science fiction and wait to say "I told you so!"Sincerely,(Signed, 'Arthur')Arthur C ClarkeP.S. Any chance of seeing you in London? I leave for N.Y. on 28 August.Source:http://gizmodo.com/5597169/arthur-c-clarke-wrote-a-letter-predicting-gps-and-satellite-tv-in-1956
- Multipath Effect = biggest source of error in distance range findingEM waves radiate – bounce off things eg building might cause mobile phone to receive multiple signlas from nearby cell towerPhantom signals (reflected waves that look to the receiver as real as the original signalPhantoms make it impossibe for the receiver to calculate the distance from the beacon accurately and causes degredation in the signal quality of mobile phone reception as well as errors in locating phonesFor GPS receivers multipath results in a wider range of possible locations – the error means you cant calculate the position as accurately(its possible to filter for refelected signals – not all radios incorporate this though)
- Distance – how far away object is from your measuring point in one dimension (1D) – it doesn’t define the whole positionDistance between position and target object determines a circle (or sphere) – the object could be anywhere on that cirlceTo locate it within 2D or 3D space you need to know the distance from at least three points.This is trilateration2 points gives a plane (the object could be anywhere on this plane) – triangulation (uses 2 known points and calculates the pos using distance betw 2 points and angles of the triangle formed by those points and the position you want to know…3 points gives a precise pointTrilateration usesGPS uses trilateration
- Network of Geosynchronous Satellites circling the globe – constellation of 32 distinct satellites (as many as 13 visible at once though always 4 , 20 thousand kms high)Goal – be useable anywhere on earthThe postion of each sat can be calculated at any given momentEach one broadcasts its postionGPS receivers pick up that broadcastWhen a receiver has three satellites it can determine a rough positionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GPS_(satellite)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_Positioning_System(whats the Russian version ГЛОНАССhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GLONASSChinese:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beidou_Navigation_Satellite_System– Alternatives? – the RCA project around powerstationsTTL -
- Tiny Radio Receiver – processes signals broadcast on known frequenciesMost receivers use at least 6 satelitte signals to calculate their position (in order to correct any errors) (location and altitude)Can nimbly crunch up to 20 data streams of data at once to calcultateposGPS message arrives – inspect broadcast time stamp to see when it was sent, compare with time of arrivalSpeed of a radio wave in space is a known constant (c)Rx compares broadcast and received timesWireless E911 – cell phone location system calculate a phone’s approxpos in a similar way (measure distance from multiple cell towers based on time of arrivalof signals from those towers.
- Gps does the trilateration calculations for you (yay!!!!!) – it works these out and returns:Latitude & Longitude (whats the difference?)National Marine Electronics Association (US) ----------------- (whats the Russian version ГЛОНАССhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GLONASSChinese:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beidou_Navigation_Satellite_System– Alternatives? – the RCA project around powerstationsTTL -
- Types of sentence – $ dollar sign + 5 letters that id the type of sentence. CSV parameters, then * (asterisk) then checksum. Then carriage return then line feed diff functionsPositionSatellites in view of the receiverCourse headingGPGSA - GPRMCGPVTGGPGGA
- RMC – Recommended MinimumspecifiC global navigation system satellite dataBasic informationWhich sentence is important information?Read it in seriallyConvert the data into values you can use
- Necklace containing a GPS moduleWhen activated, it displays the distance between the necklace and your homelocationelectronic devices designed especially for wearables are, for the most, not yet commercialy available. This factor could be a serious handicap in the development of wearables, but some designers have taken advantage from this inconvienientdevelopping projects from existing electronic devices.This trend that we define as “hacking design” makes the most of electronic device systems as MP3 players, GPS, digital radios, etc and re-appropriate them in a subversive manner. Most of the time, this process leads up to a creation of atypical and poetic objects and often results from questioning about homogenization of electronic industry and their limited use. In this light, MounaAndraos designer, artist and lecturer at the NYU Interactive Telecomunication Program, creates electronic object and wearables coming from hacked devices. Her project “Address” (2007-ongoing) has been created with the collaboration of Sonali Sridhar. This project consists of an electronic pendent with a embedded GPS which calculates the distance between a place that the user chosed as his “anchor” and the place he is now.A little display on the pendent shows the kilometeres. This project is both a jewel and an electronic object, and acts as a link between us and our favourite place. The GPS systems doesn’t indicate us how to reach a place but rather communicate to the others and ourselves our bond to some place.http://softcircuit.wordpress.com/2009/03/02/address-by-mouna-andraos-e-textiles-hacking-and-diy/
- http://arduiniana.org/2009/10/the-reverse-geocache-puzzle/
- Set Manchester3d ap virtual manchesterConatct other gamersWait in a room etc.Grand TheoriesDevice to navigate the cityExtra playersRide in a stretch limousineAbout trust about people about the one you loved and lost…..Feel considerable emotionThe nature of life and its relationship to performance….http://www.blasttheory.co.uk/projects/uncle-roy-all-around-you/Michael Douglas : The Game
- http://www.planbperformance.net/index.php?id=122plan b are the artists Sophia New and Daniel Belasco Rogers. We perform together under the name plan b and collaborate on each other's solo works ever since receiving Artsadmin Artists' Bursaries in 2001. plan b's first piece was Test Build in 2002. Since then, we've made over 25 pieces in 25 different venues together.what we doOur output, both as plan b and as individual artists, covers a number of different contexts and media. Sophia works with video and video installations and Dan continues his lecture performances and exhibitions of GPS maps. Together, we make installations, work on paper, durational performances, locative media projects, walking and theatre pieces. Works that have been situated in stairwells, airports (this project and this one), hotel bedrooms, shop windows, galleries, city squares, open fields, on bicycles and even in theatres.To topintentions (a statement)We like to stay around, learn about a place, try and respond to the particularity of that place and of ourselves; be honest about our responses and about the fact that we have travelled to get there. Our work is site-specific and relationship-specific. Two faces of the same coin. We either explore the nuances of our own relationship or our relationship to a location or both - a kind of looking inward and outward at the same time. A lot of our pieces rely on something we call 'real time text' (a term that we would like to thank Heike Roms for). This is material that is developed on the spot and either presented to an audience in the moment or recorded and made available through a locative media project or video / audio walk.
- http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psychogeographyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guy_DebordPsychogeography is an approach to geography that emphasizes playfulness and "drifting" around urban environments. It has links to the Situationist International. Psychogeography was defined in 1955 by Guy Debord as "the study of the precise laws and specific effects of the geographical environment, consciously organized or not, on the emotions and behavior of individuals."[1] Another definition is "a whole toy box full of playful, inventive strategies for exploring cities... just about anything that takes pedestrians off their predictable paths and jolts them into a new awareness of the urban landscape."[2]
- The Open Positioning System, a student project by Philipp Ronnenberghttp://www.fastcodesign.com/1671857/can-this-design-student-build-an-open-source-alternative-to-gpsMaps are power. Those who draw them control the public’s access to the world at a fundamental level--for example, in the 1500s, maps of the New World were worth their weight in gold. These days, we rely on the Global Positioning System, developed by the Department of Defense during the Cold War. Though it’s publicly accesible, GPS is still a closed system, meaning the government can shut it down or edit it as they see fit.But as people push for more transparency in government, is it time to think about a more transparent navigation system? Philipp Ronnenberg, an interaction design student at the Royal College of Art, thinks so. At the RCA’s biannual Work in Progress show this month, Ronnenberg introduced his fledgling Open Positioning System, an alternative to GPS. “At the moment, we are bound to the Americans’ military GPS and network companies,” he says. “The technology is closed at the moment and can be curated or shut down at any time.” The OPS, on the other hand, seeks to establish a reliable positioning system that’s totally independent of the government, corporations, and even satellites.To understand how OPS is different, it helps to know a bit about how GPS works (if you do, forgive my ignorance). When you open Google Maps, it triangulates your location by measuring how long it took several nearby satellites to send a signal to the receiver--a principle called trilateration that you probably learned in geometry. Ronnenberg has come up with a radical alternative to using signals from satellites. Instead of measuring how long it takes a signal to move from Lower Earth Orbit to your phone, OPS measures nearby seismic frequencies. Not the kind caused by earthquakes--these are smaller, predictable, man-made disturbances emitted by power plants and turbines. But they’re still measurable, which means that anyone carrying a sensor can pick up frequencies and determine their location.According to Ronnenberg, he’s never heard of anyone using a seismic sensor in this way. “I came to this idea because I was researching animal communication,” he told me over email. “Elephants and some spiders can communicate through the ground by producing seismic activity which is then transmitted and received.” Like those arthropods, Ronnenberg’s system can pick up seismic frequencies from any surface in contact with the ground--walls, tables, or the floorboards. The setup is not without flaws: the user, obviously, needs to be nearby a machine or power plant emitting a noise, and readings can get muddled by city noise. And similarly to GPS, the sensor needs at least three readings to produce a reliable location. Taking all of that in stride, it’s still a fairly remarkable idea that could, presumably, be honed to perfection.The OPS will rely on a whole lot of beta testers to get off the ground. On openps.info, Ronnenberg is operating a forum as well as a quick-start set of instructions that (to my n00b eyes) seem to require a bit of engineering know-how. But the pieces themselves--a low-cost sensor made by Piezo and an Arduino board--would probably be tackle-able to anyone willing to watch a few YouTube instruction videos.Keep in mind that the OPS is a student project, presented at the midpoint of the semester, so it’s more of a proof of concept than a fully fleshed-out platform. For example, the seismic solution takes care of only half of the system: locating you. The maps themselves are another issue. But Ronnenberg hopes that with enough time and participants, OPS can generate reliable maps that will make the system truly independent. Check out the website here.
- -165 dBm sensitivity, 10 Hz updates, 66 channelsLow power module - only 20mA current draw, half of most GPS'sAssembled & tested shield for Arduino Uno/Duemilanove/Diecimila/Leonardo MicroSD card slot for datalogging onto a removable cardRTC battery included, for up to 7 years backupBuilt-in datalogging to flashPPS output on fix>25Km altitudeInternal patch antenna + u.FL connector for external active antennaPower, Pin #13 and Fix status LEDBig prototyping area http://www.coolcomponents.co.uk/ultimate-gps-logger-shield-includes-gps-module-1064.html?gclid=CP2B4ZbYgr0CFQUIwwodw4EAow
- -165 dBm sensitivity, 10 Hz updates, 66 channelsLow power module - only 20mA current draw, half of most GPS'sAssembled & tested shield for Arduino Uno/Duemilanove/Diecimila/Leonardo MicroSD card slot for datalogging onto a removable cardRTC battery included, for up to 7 years backupBuilt-in datalogging to flashPPS output on fix>25Km altitudeInternal patch antenna + u.FL connector for external active antennaPower, Pin #13 and Fix status LEDBig prototyping area
- Using GPS1) Looking at the strings2) Switching off information (eg altitude)3) Parsing with Arduino4) Data Logging – recording the data
- Choose file….. Click Go!
- Combination of technological methods and interpretation of cultural and behavioural cues
- Combination of technological methods and interpretation of cultural and behavioural cues