1. MAJOR FOUNDATION
OF
CURRICULUM
Prepared by:
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2. Major Foundation Of Curriculum
Philosophical
Historical
Psychological
social

3. Major Foundation Of Curriculum
The Philosophical
Foundation of
Curriculum

4. Major Foundation Of Curriculum
• Philosophy provides educators, teachers and
curriculum makers with framework for planning for
implementing and evaluating curriculum in schools.
It helps in answering:
• What schools are for?
• What subjects are important?
• How students should learn and what materials and
methods should be used.
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5. Major Foundation Of Curriculum
• In decision making :
• Philosophy provides the starting point and will
be used for the succeeding decision making.
• The philosophy of a curriculum planner, implementor
or evaluator reflects his or her life
experiences, common beliefs, social and economic
background and education.

6. Major Foundation Of Curriculum
Tyler’s view of philosophy
in relation
Suggestions
from subject To school purposes
specialists
Studies of
Studies of
contemporary
learners
life
School
purposes
Use of
Use of
psychology of
philosophy
learning

7. Major Foundation Of Curriculum
• The Four Educational Philosophies
Perennialism
Essentialism
Progressivism
Reconstructionism

8. Educational philosophy - Perennialism
Aim of Education
to educate the rational person; to cultivate the
intellect.
Role of Education
teachers help students think with reason.
Focus in curriculum
classical subject s, literary analysis and
curriculum is constant
Curriculum trends
use of great books and return to liberal arts

9. Educational philosophy - Essentialism
Aim of Education
to promote the intellectual growth of the
individual and educate a competent person
Role of Education
the teachers is the sole authority in his /her
subject area/ field of specialization

10. Educational philosophy - Essentialism
Focus in curriculum
essential skills of the 3 R’s and essential
subjects of English, Science, History, Math and
other foreign language
Curriculum trends
excellence in education, back to basics and
cultural literacy

11. Educational philosophy - Progressivism
Aim of Education
to promote democratic and social living
Role of Education
knowledge lead s to growth and development of
life long learners who actively learn by doing.

12. Educational philosophy - Progressivism
Focus in curriculum
subjects are interdisciplinary, integrative and
interactive. Curriculum is focused on students’
interest, human problems and affairs
Curriculum trends
school reforms, relevant and contextualized
curriculum, humanistic education

13. Educational philosophy - Reconstructivism
Aim of Education
to improve and reconstruct society Education for
change
Role of Education
teachers act as agents of change and reform in
various educational projects including reseach

14. Educational philosophy - Reconstructivism
Focus in curriculum
focus on present and future trends and issues of
national and international interests
Curriculum trends
equality of educational opportunities in
education, access to global education