Future tech trend for public safety proximity-based service

1. ProSe Public Safety 國際發展趨勢
(Future Tech Trend for Public Safety -
Proximity-based Service)
Institute for Information Industry
Speaker: Yi-Hsueh Tsai
2013/10/08

2. Outlines
1. Introduction
a) Use cases for Proximity-based Service
b) Technical Challenges
c) Tentative 3GPP roadmap and progress for ProSe
2. Standards for critical communications
a) Critical communications for wide range of users
b) Using commercial cellular for Public Safety
c) 700 MHz Band for US Public Safety
3. Public Safety Requirements and Standards
a) 3GPP public safety work items
b) 3GPP public safety standards availability
4. Legacy coexistence and migration strategies
BB system introduction and coexistence
5. Conclusion

3. Introduction
WLAN D2D
WAN +
WLAN D2D
D2D multicast
(groupcast)
D2D link
Pico cell
D2D link
Pico cell
WAN D2D
Source: 3GPP & Intel

4. Use cases for Proximity-based Service
Restricted discovery
describes a basic scenario
for ProSe discovery.
Mary’s UE
John’s UE
Peter’s UE
Proximity
Open discovery describes
a case in which an UE
discover another UE
without permission by the
discoverable UE.
Advertisement
Interactive discovery

5. Public SafetyNon Public Safety
Use cases for Proximity-based Service
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6. Use cases for Proximity-based Service
3GPP D2D
Initial Focus
Within network
coverage
Outside network
coverage
Discovery
Non public safety & public
safety requirements
Public safety only
Direct
Communication
At least public safety
requirements
Public safety only
eNBs
LTE R12
GRRAN/UTRAN
pre-R12 LTE
In network
coverage
Out of network
coverage
Partial network
coverage
Communication type:
– Unicast
– Groupcast
– Broadcast
– UE relay
Source: 3GPP & Qualcomm

7. Technical Challenges
UE
eNB
Discovery of UEs
Identification of a certain UE in its proximity in a battery efficient way
Synchronization and measurement of channels from UEs
Receive over UL resource (or transmit over DL resource)
D2D Tx timing relative to UL/DL cellular channel Tx/Rx timing
Maintenance of dual connectivity
One link with eNB, the other with UE(s)
Mitigation of in-band emission
Group communication, relaying, security, privacy, etc.
Control of D2D links
Scheduling of individual D2D transmission and high-level control
Coordination of interference
Maximization of spatial reuse without causing serious interference
Single or multiple-operator scenarios
Charging, accounting, security, privacy, etc.
WLAN incorporation
Source: 3GPP & LG

8. Tentative 3GPP roadmap for ProSe
Source: 3GPP & NEC
2013 2014 20152012 2016+
SA1 Feasibility
Stage1
SA2/3 Feasib
Stage2
SA/CT Stage3
RAN Feasibility
RAN Stage3
Stage1
Stage2
RAN Stage3
SA/CT Stage3
ProSe work in RAN1 is too
big to fit in current Rel12
timescales. RAN2 work partly
depending on RAN1 progress
CT work not well identified
yet, need stable stage 2 first
Release 12
Release 14
Release 13
Some requirements and
features will most likely be
delayed to Release 13. It is
very unlikely that Release
12 will be extended.

9. 3GPP progress for ProSe
• The work follows the usual 3GPP path:
– First, a « Study Item » delivers « Technical Report », delivering
a feasibility assessment and collecting proposed solutions
– Second, a « Work Item » delivers « Technical Specs »
Work Item Completion Status
SA1 part (Use cases & Requirements) – TR phase 100% Completed
SA1 part (Use cases & Requirements) – TS phase 100% Completed
SA2 part (System Design) – TR phase 35% Ongoing
SA2 part (System Design) – TS phase 0% Ongoing
SA3 part (Security) – TR phase 10% Ongoing
Overall RAN 25% Ongoing
RAN1 part (Air Interface Physical Layer) 30% Ongoing
RAN2 part (Air Interface protocols) 10% Ongoing
RAN4 part (Radio Performance) 0% Ongoing

10. Standards for critical communications
• Standards used for commercial cellular and critical
communications have historically been separate
• New interest today in adapting LTE
for critical communication and
public safety applications
• 3GPP is working in collaboration
with the critical communication
industry to deliver standards
Public Warning System
(EMTEL & 3GPP)
Digital Mobile Radio
(ERM TG DMR)
Non-voice
Communication
(3GPP & EMTEL)
Maritime Distress and
Safety System
(ERM TG26)
TETRA
(TETRA)Priority use of public
network
(3GPP) Satellite emergency
communication
(SES SatEC)
eCall
(ESG & 3GPP)
Mobile broadband system
(MESA & RRS WG4)
Enhanced caller location
(E2NA, EMTEL, MSG,
BRAN & CABLE)
Public Safety
Source: ETSI

11. Critical communications for wide range of users
An open standard where the focus is on meeting the critical
communications needs of public safety and security agencies
and an increasingly wide range of other market sectors.
Government
Oil & Gas
Transport & logistics
Utilities
Commercial & Industrial
Manufacturing

12. Commitment and 3GPP Cooperation
National Public Safety Telecommunications Council
Spectrum and US$7bn funding for LTE-based national US
public safety network at 700MHz
Started standards process in 3GPP
Tetra + Critical Communications Association
Committed to LTE for broadband critical communication systems
Requirements & Technical Input
LTE Enhancements
• Preserve strengths of LTE while also adding
features needed for public safety
• Maximize the technical commonality between
commercial and public safety aspects
Cellular
Industry
Source: 3GPP SA Chair

13. Using commercial cellular for Public Safety
LTE provides numerous benefits that make it attractive for partnerships
between jurisdictions, and between public and private organizations.
Experts predict there will be
more partnerships as more
public safety agencies begin
moving forward with
deployments.
Financial benefits as shown in
right figure, it is dramatically
more cost-effective to build a
network as part of a public-
private partnership rather
than on a standalone basis.
Source: Bell Labs
-10%

14. Using commercial cellular for Public Safety
In the US, it is
expected that FirstNet
will select an Internet
Packet Exchange (IPX)
provider to handle the
connectivity between
the NPSBN and the
various commercial
networks with whom
NPBSN creates
roaming agreements.
When roaming onto commercial networks, it may be desirable to route
certain traffic locally in the commercial LTE network.
Source: NPSTC
NPBSN
Commercial LTE

15. 700 MHz Band for US Public Safety
• 700 MHz D Block to be reallocated to public safety
• FCC will facilitate transition of public safety broadband
spectrum to FirstNet
A
Multiple
Licensees
B
AT&T
(most of
US)
C
AT&T
(most of
US)
D
AT&T
(acquired
from
Qualcomm)
E
Multiple
Licensees
A
Multiple
Licensees
B
AT&T
(most of
US)
C
AT&T
(most of
US)
698 704 710 716 722 728 734 740 746
Ch 52 Ch 53 Ch 54 Ch 55 Ch 56 Ch 57 Ch 58 Ch 59
Ch 60 Ch 61 Ch 62 Ch 63 Ch 64 Ch 65 Ch 66 Ch 67 Ch 68 Ch 69
DTV
A Block Guard Band
(Access Spectrum,
Pegasus, etc.)
B Block Guard
Band (Vacant)
C
Verizon
746 768 798 806769 775757 776758 799787
PSBB PSNB C
Verizon
PSBB PSNB
805788
800
MHz
FirstNet License
Lower
700 MHz
Band
Upper 700 MHz Band
Source: FCC

16. First Responder Network Authority
• The ‘Middle Class Tax Relief and Job Creation Act of 2012’ directs
First Responder Network Authority (FirstNet), a new entity within
NTIA, to establish a single nationwide, interoperable public safety
broadband network.
• First Responder Interoperability Board will develop recommended
technical requirements to ensure nationwide interoperability, based on
the LTE standard.
http://www.ntia.doc.gov/category/firstnet
Source: FirstNet

17. Public Safety Requirements and Standards
Public safety imposes unique
requirements that cannot all
be satisfied with LTE
standards that are available
today. An example of such a
requirement is Mission
Critical Voice, which
includes Push to Talk (PTT),
off-network operation, and a
variety of related functions.
• As LTE standards continue to evolve, and organizations such as
FirstNet participate in the 3GPP standards processes to drive desired
capabilities, more of the public safety requirements can be satisfied
with products based on these standards.
e.g. certain
priority &
QoS feature
e.g. eMBMS
e.g. mission
critical
voice
Source: NPSTC

18. 3GPP public safety work items
Work Item
3GPP
Release
Work Item
Document
Study on Resilient E-UTRAN Operation
for Public Safety (FS_REOPS)
13 SP-130240
Proximity-based Services Specification
(ProSe)
12
SP-130030
RP-122009
Group Communication System Enablers
for LTE (GCSE_LTE)
12 SP-130326
Public Safety Broadband High Power
User Equipment for Band 14 for Region 2
11 RP-120362
Source: 3GPP

19. Proximity-based Services
Allow devices in close proximity to communicate directly
1. Reduce network load
2. Increase capacity in given bandwidth
3. Allow communication in areas without network coverage
Network
Cell
Site
Current LTE
Communication Path
Network
Cell
Site
Direct
Discovery &
Communication
Locally Routed UE Relay
Cell
Site
Network
Assisted
Discovery

20. Key Components for Public Safety
(B) Direct 1:many E-UTRA Communication out of coverage
(D) Direct 1:many E-UTRA Communication in E-UTRAN coverage
– NPSBN Users may be outside of the range of the fixed network, such as first responders
in a rural area assisting in a response to a plane crash or police officers inside a
residence responding to a domestic issue.
– Off-network voice communications must be immediately accessible to users in the
absence of the NPSBN.
(H) UE to NW Relay
(I) Service Continuity
(F) ProSe-assisted
WLAN Direct
(ext1) RAN
support
(ext2) SA3
specification
(D) Direct 1:many
E-UTRA Comm.,
in coverage
(C) Direct 1:1
E-UTRA Comm.,
in coverage
(E) ProSe Comm
Path via eNB
(A) Direct 1:1
E-UTRA Comm.,
out of coverage
(B) Direct 1:many
E-UTRA Comm.,
out of coverage
(G) UE to UE Relay
(H) UE to NW Relay
– We use this often to extend vehicle-
based coverage footprint to handheld
devices, e.g., to guarantee availability
when responding to life-critical
incidents within a building.
– Also key to public safety, we would like
this to be included in R12 if a solution
can be found that does not add too
much complexity to the rest of the work. Source: 3GPP & UK Home Office & US DoC

21. Group Communication System Enablers
• Enable efficient group communication
1. Dynamic groups with mobile users and
dispatchers
2. Support for floor control (e.g. push to talk)
3. Large groups (perhaps up to 5000)
4. Low latency to add users, obtain channels
• Group call application is separate
from the 3GPP system enablers
1. Application layer: group management, floor
control decisions, legacy interoperability
2. LTE layer: mobility, service continuity,
radio efficiency
3. Joint: performance, service interaction
Group Call
application
sever
Cell
Site
Dispatcher
Group Call Enabled
LTE Network
Group Members UE Relay
G.C. Network Application
3GPP LTE Network Layers
Network API
G.C. Network Application
3GPP LTE Network Layers
Network API

22. Essential core components for Release 12
(A) Group Management
– Any aspects of this required to
make core functionality work.
(B) Group Communications
(F) Service Continuity
– Service will not be usable without
this.
(H) Resource Efficiency
– Planned or unplanned major incidents may require group communications within a
very large group in a small geographic area - requires good radio resource
efficiency.
(E) User Interaction
– Some aspects only; related to performance, immediate updating of group
membership, all members receiving transmissions at the same time.
(A) Group Management
(B) Group Comm (TX,RX)
(H) Resource Efficiency (I) Roaming Scenarios
(J) High Availability
(C) Geographic Scope
(ext2) RAN
support
(ext3) SA3
specification
(ext1) SA2/
ProSe support
(F) Service Continuity
(G) UE to NW Relay
(D) Floor Control
(E) User Interaction
?
(K) Inter-
working
(L) UE-AS
Open
Interface
Source: 3GPP & UK Home Office & US DoC

23. Resilient E-UTRAN Operation
Isolated E-UTRAN can be formed following:
1. An Outage event within the infrastructure network
2. Deployment of Mobile Command Posts (MCPs)
• 1 or more eNB(s)
• Transport connection between eNBs
• Backhaul
• Local EPC functions at eNB
• Restoration of coverage for the
group of eNBs
• Security between UE and eNB
• Security between eNBs
• Offer similar services seen prior to
• Outage event
Isolated E-UTRAN
Outage in the
Infrastructure
Network
Mobile
Command
Post

24. Release 12 draft standards and schedule
WG Document Title Date
SA1 TR 22.803 Study on Proximity-based Services 2011/09~2013/01
SA1
TS 22.115
TS 22.278
Service aspects; Charging and billing
Service requirements for the Evolved Packet System (EPS)
2012/12~2013/06
SA2 TR 23.703 Study on architecture enhancements to support Proximity Services 2012/12~2013/09
SA3 TR 33.8xy Study on security issues to support Proximity Services 2013/03~2014/03
RAN1
RAN2
TR 36.843
Feasibility Study on LTE Device to Device Proximity Services -
Radio Aspects
2012/12~2014/03
SA1 TS 22.468 Group Communication System Enablers for LTE 2012/06~2013/12
SA2 TR 23.768
Study on architecture enhancements to support Group
Communication System Enablers for LTE
2013/02~2013/09
WG Document Title Date
SA1 TR 22.897 Study on Resilient E-UTRAN Operation for Public Safety 2013/07~2014/06
Release 13 draft standards and schedule
3GPP standards availability
Source: 3GPP

25. Legacy coexistence and migration strategies
• The legacy coexistence is for the LTE network to interwork
with P25/TETRA voice and low data-rate services. This
Source: Alcatel-Lucent & TCCA
interworking enables
interoperability and also
provides the necessary
migration path from
P25/TETRA with an
LTE overlay to a
mission-critical LTE
network running all
mission critical services.
TETRA,
TETRAPOL,
etc. PMR/LMR
networks
Non Mission
Critical data
(commercial
LTE)
Mission
Critical Data
(Private LTE)
Mission
Critical Voice
(Private LTE)
Single sign-on services (security) Communications
services - including PMR/LMR applications
Subscriber & group management, group calls, etc.
Cloud - based Applications including
Control Room Applications
1 2 3 4
TIME / STAGE
Mission Critical voice
services Until LTE
readiness & maturity
Upgrade Learn Build Migrate
Strategic: requires
spectrum for private LTE
Using commercial
3G/4G carriers

26. BB system introduction and coexistence
Source: Cassidian
More advanced configurations are also considered such as the presence
of Narrowband (NB) signals in the bandwidth of Broadband (BB)
signal. In this case, it is necessary to excise the BB spectrum, on the
channels where NB signals are present in order to limit the
interferences from BB to NB systems. In practice, this would mean to
shut down the LTE
Resource blocks (RBs)
on which NB signals
are present. Such
configuration could
increase importantly the
spectrum efficiency of
PMR systems mixing
NB and BB.

27. Conclusions
• Use cases for Proximity-based Service
– Public Safety vs Non Public Safety
– Communication type: Unicast, Groupcast, Broadcast, UE relay
• 3GPP has started work on public safety standards
– The Public Safety eco-system has pushed for standardization of
their requirements to start in 3GPP
– Meet market needs in an interoperable manner
– Technical participation in Release 12 is needed
• LTE based public safety networks
– Use common off the shelf technology
– Improve on existing capabilities with broadband and multimedia
• Legacy coexistence and migration strategies
– BB system introduction and coexistence

28. Reference
1. D2D standardization status in 3GPP (http://www.ict-ras.eu/index.php/meetings)
2. Evolution of 3GPP LTE-Advanced Standard toward 5G
(http://www.netmanias.com/bbs/view.php?id=cshareforum_mobile&no=364)
3. http://www.3gpp.org/Public-Safety
4. http://www.3gpp.org/Public-Safety-LTE-gains-momentum
5. Public safety LTE: A How-to Guide
(http://criticalcommunicationsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/tetra11/14691-
Alcatel-Lucent_How-to-guide_LTE-for-Public-Safety_Global_edition_EN.pdf)
6. http://gcn.com/Articles/2013/04/08/Why-LTE-is-the-next-generation-in-
wireless.aspx?Page=2
7. http://www.radioresourcemag.com/onlyonline.cfm?OnlyOnlineID=400
8. http://www.3gpp.org/TCCA-Joins-3GPP-for-critical-work

29. Q&A