The document discusses the first conditional, which is used to talk about possible situations in the present or future. The first conditional uses an "if clause" with a simple present tense verb followed by a "main clause" with a future tense "will" verb. Some examples are provided to illustrate possible situations, such as "If it's sunny, we'll go to the park" and "If you cook the supper, I'll wash the dishes." The document also provides exercises for readers to practice forming first conditional sentences.