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June 2014
By Yousser Gherissi Hegazi
Leadership development & Management
“To serve is beautiful, but only if it is done
with joy and a whole heart and a free
mind.”
Pearl S. Buck
Democracy represents the democratic
peace, respect for human rights,
empowerment and the rule of law, political
equality, multiculturalism, consensual
democracy, social harmony, human values,
the ideal structures, and a culture of
tolerance
Introduction
Training objectives:
The concept of democracy
The principles of democracy
Today issues
Government censorship
Social structures
Social Policy
Education Policy
Social Psychology
Social structure implications
Social regime
Ideal structures
Recommendations
References
Basic principles and conciliatory values for democracy
and social constructivism lies in the society control
and political equality. These principles determine the
struggle of Democrats of the world to enable society
to control politics in effective ways and to eliminate
the monopoly of the elite on the decision-making
process and its benefits; Democracy serves to
overcome the obstacles, such as those of gender, race,
religion, language, class and wealth. But democracy
allows people to exercise the rights of citizenship on
an equal footing.
Empower active citizens in establishing democracy
and social justice
Building values and academic knowledge
Producing democratic equality
Democracy is a system that allows all qualified
citizens to participate equally to elected
representatives and in the formulation and
development of laws. It does link to social
equality, religious, cultural, ethnic, justice, and
liberty. And And the term democracy is originated
from the ancient Greek (dēmokratía) "rule of the
people", which was found from (Demos) "people"
and (Kratos) "power" in the fifth century BC,
which promoted the political systems in ancient
Greece, predominantly Athens who approved the
contradictory term (aristokratia) “ of ruling elite
For example, the political system in Athens
established a classic democratic citizenship to the
elite class of free men, slaves and women's political
participation. Also, all democratic governments in
ancient and modern history involved the elite class
and the full empowerment of all citizens of adults
in most modern democracies through the ballot
movements in 19th and 20th centuries
The rule of law
Laws represent the will of the people
Presidents and legislature are limited by law
Freedom of the press
People need information in order to vote
prudently which requires a free press and freedom
of political speech
Respect of human rights
The purpose of government is to serve the needs of
the people
Active political rights
Democracy is a participation sport and it won't
work if most people don't take part
Enlightened citizens
Citizens must be educated and must understand
the purpose of democracy, how and why we have
it. This earn a high literacy rate
Democratization
Civil society
Group rights
Multiculturalism
Discrepancies
Consensual democracy
Frequent elections
Civil disobedience
Protest
Revolution
Social structures
Stratification, society, concurrency & social-relationship
Social policy
Concurrency & social-relationship
Education policy
Value, interactive respect, integration of human values
with education, moral education
Social psychology
Human behavior, social cognition, social influence,
attitudes, persuasion & ethics
The social structures are designed through social
arrangements within the community and grow on
the basis of individuals actions, depending on the
judgment and function of social structure (social
and economic classes) like for example, the class
structure, social institutions, and other modeled
social groups. It is in fact the structure of the social
network, which is equal between individuals &
organizations. Accordingly it can be a way of
creating principles that shape the individual
behavior of decision-makers in the social system
Additionally family, religion, law,
economy and class are social
structures.
In 1905 the German sociologist
Ferdinand Tonnies stated in his study
"the present problems of social
structures in the USA" that only the
constitution of a multitude in to a
unity creates a "social structure".
Social policy embodies guidelines, legislation & activities
that affect the living conditions necessary for human
happiness. Consequently the department of social policy at
the London School considered that social & political
economy stands a "subject of a multi-disciplinary applied
and specialized to analyze social community needs.
However the London School seeks to enhance the ability of
students to understand the theory and evidence from a
range disciplines in the social sciences, including
economics, sociology, psychology, geography, history, law,
philosophy and political science.
The Malcolm Wiener Center for Social policy at Harvard
University stated: "These basic human needs include:
water, food, and shelter, a sustainable and safe
environment, the promotion of health and treatment of the
sick, the care and support of those unable to live a fully
independent life; and the education and training of
individuals to a level that enables them fully to participate
in their society".[1] The center describes social policy as
"public policy and practice in the areas of health care,
human services, criminal justice, inequality, education, and
labor."[2] Social policy might also be described as actions
that affect the well-being of members of a society through
shaping the distribution of and access to goods and
resources in that society. [3] Social policy often deals with
terrific problems.
Education policy retains many interpretations of education in
early childhood, kindergartens, universities, and vocational
education, adult education and job training. However, it could
affect education policy for people of all ages. The policy here lies
in teaching methods and facilitation in the fees access , and
investment in school infrastructure & freedom of choice. And the
content of the curriculum and its values required educational
frames . But the discussion in education policy includes the size
of the school , school choice , privatization of the school , the
efficiency of teachers , school accreditation, teacher reward ,
teaching methods , the content of the curriculum , graduation
requirements , & investment in school infrastructure. However
schools should apply distinctive standards that link to essential
studies in psychology , economics , sociology , and human
development , in addition to schools and methods of
management education or public policy as examples of the
analysis of education policy .
Social psychology is known as scientific study of
people's ideas, feelings, and attitudes which can be
affected by the logic and the indirect imagination.
Consequently scientific research refers to
experimental process and analyzes that link to the
ideas of rights, feelings, and behaviors. It does
include all psychological variables measurable in a
human being
It does suggest that humans are predisposed to
social influence. For example when people watch
television and follow adopted cultural norms,
social psychologists analyze human behavior
through mental states and social situations based
upon empirical findings. Social psychology is
interested by exploring human feelings, thoughts,
beliefs, intentions and goals are built upon mental
factors that influence on relations with others.
The concept of social structure involves the critical
effects of random and motivations that determine for
example, the problem of gender equality and the non-
equal qualifications.
Lopez and Scott,(2000) differentiate between
institutional structure and relational structure:
"Social structure is seen as comprising those cultural or
normative patterns that define the expectation of
agents hold about each other's behavior and that
organize their enduring relations with each other's
(p3).
Normative structure
The normative structure defines the fashioned
organization structure, between norms and styles
in the procedures of person's position.
Interest structures
The interest structures are based upon goals and
desires of people of varying social positions.
Ideal structures
The ideal structures are based upon cultural beliefs
and attitudes of people of varying social positions
Interaction structure
Structure is based on the interaction and
communication facilities of the various social sites.
We have the right to believe that the social
structure includes all system needs of work,
management, and professional or by conflicts
between groups, political parties and elites. This
structure is a natural process that develops the
power of elites who exploit their power to control
the system and authority
The mechanisms responsible for the social
structure derive directly from the fact. There are a
set of indicators that display the observed social
capital structure with the necessary functions.
Nevertheless, it can be driven by successful
democratic systems that build social capital on the
loyalty and social justice for all. However the
structural obstacles evolve from social inequality
and the lack of human values.
About the Walcom Wiener Center,(2006). Presidents and Fellows
Harvard University
http://web.archive.org/web/20081225021708/
(3) Cheyne, C., O'Brien, M., & Belgrave, M.,(2005) .Social Policy
in Aotearoa New Zealand: A Critical Introduction - Page 3.
College of humanities and social sciences
http://www.research.massey.ac.nz/massey
(1) Greener, I.,(2014). Social policy and administration; Volume
40, Issue2
Modes of power and the re‐conceptualization of elites
Scott , J.,(2008)- The Sociological Review, - Wiley Online Library
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal

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Training in democracy and social structures

  • 1. June 2014 By Yousser Gherissi Hegazi Leadership development & Management
  • 2. “To serve is beautiful, but only if it is done with joy and a whole heart and a free mind.” Pearl S. Buck
  • 3. Democracy represents the democratic peace, respect for human rights, empowerment and the rule of law, political equality, multiculturalism, consensual democracy, social harmony, human values, the ideal structures, and a culture of tolerance
  • 4. Introduction Training objectives: The concept of democracy The principles of democracy Today issues Government censorship Social structures Social Policy Education Policy Social Psychology Social structure implications Social regime Ideal structures Recommendations References
  • 5. Basic principles and conciliatory values for democracy and social constructivism lies in the society control and political equality. These principles determine the struggle of Democrats of the world to enable society to control politics in effective ways and to eliminate the monopoly of the elite on the decision-making process and its benefits; Democracy serves to overcome the obstacles, such as those of gender, race, religion, language, class and wealth. But democracy allows people to exercise the rights of citizenship on an equal footing.
  • 6. Empower active citizens in establishing democracy and social justice Building values and academic knowledge Producing democratic equality
  • 7. Democracy is a system that allows all qualified citizens to participate equally to elected representatives and in the formulation and development of laws. It does link to social equality, religious, cultural, ethnic, justice, and liberty. And And the term democracy is originated from the ancient Greek (dēmokratía) "rule of the people", which was found from (Demos) "people" and (Kratos) "power" in the fifth century BC, which promoted the political systems in ancient Greece, predominantly Athens who approved the contradictory term (aristokratia) “ of ruling elite
  • 8. For example, the political system in Athens established a classic democratic citizenship to the elite class of free men, slaves and women's political participation. Also, all democratic governments in ancient and modern history involved the elite class and the full empowerment of all citizens of adults in most modern democracies through the ballot movements in 19th and 20th centuries
  • 9. The rule of law Laws represent the will of the people Presidents and legislature are limited by law Freedom of the press People need information in order to vote prudently which requires a free press and freedom of political speech Respect of human rights The purpose of government is to serve the needs of the people
  • 10. Active political rights Democracy is a participation sport and it won't work if most people don't take part Enlightened citizens Citizens must be educated and must understand the purpose of democracy, how and why we have it. This earn a high literacy rate
  • 13. Social structures Stratification, society, concurrency & social-relationship Social policy Concurrency & social-relationship Education policy Value, interactive respect, integration of human values with education, moral education Social psychology Human behavior, social cognition, social influence, attitudes, persuasion & ethics
  • 14. The social structures are designed through social arrangements within the community and grow on the basis of individuals actions, depending on the judgment and function of social structure (social and economic classes) like for example, the class structure, social institutions, and other modeled social groups. It is in fact the structure of the social network, which is equal between individuals & organizations. Accordingly it can be a way of creating principles that shape the individual behavior of decision-makers in the social system
  • 15. Additionally family, religion, law, economy and class are social structures. In 1905 the German sociologist Ferdinand Tonnies stated in his study "the present problems of social structures in the USA" that only the constitution of a multitude in to a unity creates a "social structure".
  • 16. Social policy embodies guidelines, legislation & activities that affect the living conditions necessary for human happiness. Consequently the department of social policy at the London School considered that social & political economy stands a "subject of a multi-disciplinary applied and specialized to analyze social community needs. However the London School seeks to enhance the ability of students to understand the theory and evidence from a range disciplines in the social sciences, including economics, sociology, psychology, geography, history, law, philosophy and political science.
  • 17. The Malcolm Wiener Center for Social policy at Harvard University stated: "These basic human needs include: water, food, and shelter, a sustainable and safe environment, the promotion of health and treatment of the sick, the care and support of those unable to live a fully independent life; and the education and training of individuals to a level that enables them fully to participate in their society".[1] The center describes social policy as "public policy and practice in the areas of health care, human services, criminal justice, inequality, education, and labor."[2] Social policy might also be described as actions that affect the well-being of members of a society through shaping the distribution of and access to goods and resources in that society. [3] Social policy often deals with terrific problems.
  • 18. Education policy retains many interpretations of education in early childhood, kindergartens, universities, and vocational education, adult education and job training. However, it could affect education policy for people of all ages. The policy here lies in teaching methods and facilitation in the fees access , and investment in school infrastructure & freedom of choice. And the content of the curriculum and its values required educational frames . But the discussion in education policy includes the size of the school , school choice , privatization of the school , the efficiency of teachers , school accreditation, teacher reward , teaching methods , the content of the curriculum , graduation requirements , & investment in school infrastructure. However schools should apply distinctive standards that link to essential studies in psychology , economics , sociology , and human development , in addition to schools and methods of management education or public policy as examples of the analysis of education policy .
  • 19. Social psychology is known as scientific study of people's ideas, feelings, and attitudes which can be affected by the logic and the indirect imagination. Consequently scientific research refers to experimental process and analyzes that link to the ideas of rights, feelings, and behaviors. It does include all psychological variables measurable in a human being
  • 20. It does suggest that humans are predisposed to social influence. For example when people watch television and follow adopted cultural norms, social psychologists analyze human behavior through mental states and social situations based upon empirical findings. Social psychology is interested by exploring human feelings, thoughts, beliefs, intentions and goals are built upon mental factors that influence on relations with others.
  • 21. The concept of social structure involves the critical effects of random and motivations that determine for example, the problem of gender equality and the non- equal qualifications. Lopez and Scott,(2000) differentiate between institutional structure and relational structure: "Social structure is seen as comprising those cultural or normative patterns that define the expectation of agents hold about each other's behavior and that organize their enduring relations with each other's (p3).
  • 22. Normative structure The normative structure defines the fashioned organization structure, between norms and styles in the procedures of person's position. Interest structures The interest structures are based upon goals and desires of people of varying social positions.
  • 23. Ideal structures The ideal structures are based upon cultural beliefs and attitudes of people of varying social positions Interaction structure Structure is based on the interaction and communication facilities of the various social sites. We have the right to believe that the social structure includes all system needs of work, management, and professional or by conflicts between groups, political parties and elites. This structure is a natural process that develops the power of elites who exploit their power to control the system and authority
  • 24. The mechanisms responsible for the social structure derive directly from the fact. There are a set of indicators that display the observed social capital structure with the necessary functions. Nevertheless, it can be driven by successful democratic systems that build social capital on the loyalty and social justice for all. However the structural obstacles evolve from social inequality and the lack of human values.
  • 25. About the Walcom Wiener Center,(2006). Presidents and Fellows Harvard University http://web.archive.org/web/20081225021708/ (3) Cheyne, C., O'Brien, M., & Belgrave, M.,(2005) .Social Policy in Aotearoa New Zealand: A Critical Introduction - Page 3. College of humanities and social sciences http://www.research.massey.ac.nz/massey (1) Greener, I.,(2014). Social policy and administration; Volume 40, Issue2 Modes of power and the re‐conceptualization of elites Scott , J.,(2008)- The Sociological Review, - Wiley Online Library http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal