Electro Acupuncture

The Efficacy & Safety of Electroacupuncture for Pain Management Cathryn Hu, Ph.D., O.M.D., L.Ac. Advanced Acupuncture, Inc. Los Angeles, California American Academy of Pain Management 19 th Annual Clinical Meeting Nashville, TN September 11, 2008

Conflict of Interest and Financial Disclosure ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Learning Objectives ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Electroacupuncture (EA) Definition: Electro acupuncture is an acupuncture techniques that applies small electrical currents to needles that have been inserted at an specific acupuncture points .

Concepts of EA ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

History of EA ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Benefits of EA ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Timing of EA ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Techniques of EA ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Frequencies of EA ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Mechanisms of EA ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Electrical properties of acupuncture points ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Electro-acupuncture vs. Nerve Block for Treatment of Radicular Sciatic ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

The effective of EA on Osteoarthritis knees ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Effect of acupuncture of pain threshold a controlled study ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

P-Stim Auricular acupuncture ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Suppression of morphine withdrawal by EA in rats ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Analgesia induced by EA of different frequencies ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Characteristics of EA induced analgesia in mice ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

EA and Acute Pain ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

EA and Chronic Pain ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

EA and Neuropathic Pain ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

EA and Myofascial pain ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

EA and Psychogenic Pain ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Clinical Applications of EA ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Headache ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Trigeminal Neuralgia ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Osteoarthritis of the shoulder pain ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Randomized trial of long term effect of acupuncture for shoulder pain ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Tennis Elbow ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Sciatica neuralgia ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Injury of Knee Ligaments ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Low Back Pain ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Postoperative Abdominal Pain ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Intestinal adhesion pain ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Sports Injury Femoral adductor syndrome ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Bone fracture ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Post Herpes Zoster ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Dysmenorrheal ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Induction of labor by EA ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

EA for Cancer Pain ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Safety of use EA ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Safety Precautions of EA ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Contraindications -Muscle Spasm ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

EA in Auricular ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Contraindications to EA ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Relative contraindications ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Limitations of EA ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

EA and Drug Interactions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Questions? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Electro Acupuncture

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Electro Acupuncture