2. Introduction This experiment will include super cooling water at different temperatures for different amounts of time We will use 16.9 Fl. Oz. bottles of distilled water We will be doing a few test for each temperature and time to ensure accuracy and precision
3. Introduction (cont.) We will distill water to ensure there are no impurities Test at which temperatures are the ideal for super cooling water Then record out observations
4. What is super cooling? Super cooling is when you cool water below its normal freezing point without it becoming a solid. For super cooling to take place there must be no impurities in the water for ice crystals to form on. For this reason we must use distilled water.
5. How to Super cool water In order to super cool you must have distilled water so ice crystals can not form on any impurities in the water You must let the water and the container be very still in a very cold place(under 0°C) for a long time (at least 2hours) When you shake the water it will freeze and form ice crystals very quickly You’ve then super cooled water!
7. Distilled water Distilled water- “water that has been freed of dissolved or suspended solids and from organisms by distillation “ Distilled water is used in many applications today such as chemistry labs, cars, steam engines, household aquariums, breweries, and even airplanes.
8. Distilling Water Distilled water is made by water evaporating into steam then condensed back into water. To distill water we created an apparatus out of 2 bowls, some plastic wrap, a weight, and a source of heat, in this case, the sun. Distilling water can be a long process if you don’t have a sufficient heating source
10. Experiment Summary We are going to test what the ideal conditions for super cooling water are. We are going to distill water, pour it in bottles and try to super cool it at different temperatures and for different amounts of time We think that the water will super cool at everything lower than 10°F for longer than 210 minutes
11. Hypothesis We think that the water will super cool at -10°C and -20°C for 210 and 240 minutes. We believe this because we believe the water will not be cooled long enough or at a cold enough temperature to be super cooled at 0°C and 180 minutes
12. Procedures Poured water into our distilling apparatuses and let sit to distill until we made 4500ml of distilled water. We cleaned out 9 water bottles of the same shape and material thoroughly. We measured and poured the distilled water into cleaned, plastic water bottles.
13. Procedures (cont.) We then placed the water bottles in a freezer of different temperatures for different times We did 9 different variable combinations with 3 different temperature and 3 different time variables Time and Temperature were the two independent variables We used 180, 210 and 240 minutes as variables We also used 0°C, -10°C and -20°C as variables
14. Procedures (cont.) After we had done all nine experiments we recoded our data of which super cooled and which did not. We then used this data to make our charts and make a conclusion
15. Data After the Experiments we found that only 4 of the 9 test actually super cooled No amount of time at 0°C allowed the water to be super cooled All amounts of time at -10°C super cooled All amounts of time except 240 minutes worked for -20°C
17. Observations As shown by the results the water at 0°C for any amount of time didn’t super cool because it was not cold enough to be super cooled When the water that was cooled at -20°C for 240 minutes, the water was left in the cold for too long and it froze without super cooling The water at -10 °C at any amount of time super cooled very well, as long as the water was not agitated during the cooling time
18. Observations (cont.) The water that was cooled at -20 °C for 180 and 210 minutes super cooled because they were left in just long enough that they didn’t freeze The results showed all times at -10 °C super coooled as well as at -20 °C for 180 and 210 minutes.
19. Conclusion Our hypothesis was all correct except one part We thought that the water would super cool only at -20°C and -10°C for 210 and 240 minutes The water however did not super cool when put in the cooler at -20°C for 240 minutes It was too cold and it froze the water However the rest of our hypothesis was correct
20. Conclusion (cont.) It seems that the water needed to cool for at least 210 and at a temperature of at least -10°C However you couldn’t leave it in for too long at too cold of a temperature because it would freeze and not super cool Our hypothesis was mostly correct and our experiment taught us a lot about super cooling water
