1. PREPARED BY: Ahmad Ikmal ‘Akif bin Abdul Khalil 4 UTM CHAPTER 2 Cell Structure and Cell Organisation 2.1 CELL STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION

3. PLANT CELLS ANIMAL CELLS

10. COMPARISON BETWEEN THE STRUCTURE OF ANIMAL AND PLANT CELLS SIMILARITIES ANIMAL CELLS PLANT CELLS Nucleus Present Present Cytoplasmic streaming Present Present Ribosomes Present Present

11. DIFFERENCES ANIMAL CELLS PLANT CELLS Chloroplast Animal cells don't have chloroplasts Plant cells have chloroplasts Plasma Membrane Yes; only cell membrane Yes; cell wall and a cell membrane Centrioles Always present Only present in lower plant forms Lysosomes Lysosomes occur in cytoplasm Lysosomes usually not evident. Vacuole One or more small vacuoles (much smaller than plant cells). One, large central vacuole taking up 90% of cell volume. Shape Round Rectangular Cell wall None Yes

12. RELATING THE DENSITY OF CERTAIN ORGANELLES WITH THE FUNCTIONS OF SPECIFIC CELLS TYPES OF CELLS FUNCTIONS ORGANELLES FOUND ABUNDANTLY IN THE SPECIFIC CELLS SPERM CELLS Require large amounts of energy to propel towards the uterus and Fallopian tube during fertilisation Mitochondrion FLIGHT MUSCLE CELLS IN INSECTS AND BIRDS Contract and relax to enable movements and flight Mitochondrion CELLS IN THE MERISTEMS To enable cells in the meristem divided by mitosis process Mitochondrion MESOPHYLL PALISADE CELLS Absorb sunlight during photosynthesis Chloroplasts

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