20. 20
Stage Characteristic
Exploration Few adventurous tourist, visiting sites with no public facilities
Visitors attracted to the destination by a natural physical feature
Specific visitor type of a select nature
Involvement Limited interaction between local residents and the developing tourism
industry leads to the provision of basic services
Increased advertising induces a definable pattern of seasonal variation
Definite market area begins to emerge
Development Development of additional tourist facilities and increased promotional
efforts
Greater control of the tourist trade by outsiders
Number of tourist a peak periods far outweighs the size of the resident
population, inducing rising antagonism by the latter towards the former
Consolidatio
n
Tourism has become a major part of the local economy, but growth rates
have begun to level off
A well-delineated business district has taken shape
Some of he older deteriorating facilities are perceived as second rate
Local efforts are made to extend the tourist season
Stagnation Peak numbers of tourists and capacity levels are reached
The destination has a well-established image, but it is no longer in fashion
The accommodation stock is gradually eroded and property turnover rates
are high
Post-
stagnation
A number of possibilities, reflecting a range of options that may be
followed, depending partly on the success of local management decisions.
At either extreme are rejuvenation and decline
Source:
Adapted from Mason (2003, p. 24)
21. 21
Chang Noi (a pseudonym)
in The Nation (Thai news paper)
• Stage 1: Start with a place of outstanding beauty … Impose absolutely no
controls. Allow get-rich-quick entrepreneurs to encroach on the beach,
blow up the rocks, scatter garbage and pour concrete everywhere.
• Stage 2: The resort is now popular but rapidly losing its natural charm.
Add large quantities of sex and comfort. Build large, luxurious hotels.
Import lots of girls.
• Stage 3: By now the natural beauty is totally obliterated. The seafront is an
essay in bad architecture. The hinterland is a shanty town of beer bars.
Develop the remains as a male fantasy theme park. Add anything with
testosterone appeal – big motorbikes, shooting ranges, boxing rings,
archery. Bring in more and more girls (and boys).
(Mowforth & Munt 2003, p. 84)
36. อ.สมยศ โอ่งเคลือบ 36
Tourism in metamorphosis
Old tourists
• Search for the sun
• Here today gone tomorrow
• Having
• Like attractions
• Eat in hotel dinning room
• Homogeneous
New tourists
• Search for the new experience
• See and enjoy but not destroy
• Being
• Like activities
• Try out local food
• Hybrid
75. 75
Standards and guidelines for Environmentally
sensitive design and operation
• Minimising the negative environmental impact of visitor
support services;
• Creating an atmosphere in which visitors feel they are in a
special place; and
• Setting an example of environmentally sensitive design and
operation practices, to educate and demonstrate the value
and practicality of sustainable, innovative and effective
solutions.
Tendele, Royal Natal National Park,
Kwa-Zulu Natal, South Africa
