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1. Case Study Analysis Essay Discussion Paper
Case Study Analysis Essay Discussion PaperModule 5 Assignment: Case Study Analysis An
understanding of the neurological and musculoskeletal systems is a critically important
component of disease and disorder diagnosis and treatment. This importance is magnified
by the impact that that these two systems can have on each other. A variety of factors and
circumstances affecting the emergence and severity of issues in one system can also have a
role in the performance of the other. Effective analysis often requires an understanding that
goes beyond these systems and their mutual impact. For example, patient characteristics
such as, racial and ethnic variables can play a role. Photo Credit: jijomathai -
stock.adobe.com An understanding of the symptoms of alterations in neurological and
musculoskeletal systems is a critical step in diagnosis and treatment. For APRNs this
understanding can also help educate patients and guide them through their treatment
plans. In this Assignment, you examine a case study and analyze the symptoms presented.
You identify the elements that may be factors in the diagnosis, and you explain the
implications to patient health. To prepare: By Day 1 of this week, you will be assigned to a
specific case study scenario for this Case Study Assignment. Please see the “Course
Announcements” section of the classroom for your assignment from your Instructor.
Assignment (1- to 2-page case study analysis)ORDER A PLAGIARISM-FREE PAPER HEREIn
your Case Study Analysis related to the scenario provided, explain the following: Both the
neurological and musculoskeletal pathophysiologic processes that would account for the
patient presenting these symptoms. Any racial/ethnic variables that may impact
physiological functioning. How these processes interact to affect the patient. Day 7 of Week
8 Submit your Case Study Analysis Assignment by Day 7 of Week 8. Due week 8: Module 5
Assignment: Case Study Analysis A 67-year-old man presents to the HCP with chief
complaint of tremors in his arms. He also has noticed some tremors in his leg as well. The
patient is accompanied by his son, who says that his father has become “stiff” and it takes
him much longer to perform simple tasks. The son also relates that his father needs help
rising from his chair. Physical exam demonstrates tremors in the hands at rest and fingers
exhibit “pill rolling” movement. The patient’s face is not mobile and exhibits a mask-like
appearance. His gait is uneven, and he shuffles when he walks and his head/neck, hips, and
knees are flexed forward. He exhibits jerky or cogwheeling movement. The patient states
that he has episodes of extreme sweating and flushing not associated with activity.
Laboratory data unremarkable and the HCP has diagnosed the patient with Parkinson’s
Disease. Learning Resources Note: The below resources were first presented in Week 7. If

2. you have previously reviewed them, you are encouraged to read or view them again here.
Required Readings (click to expand/reduce) McCance, K. L. & Huether, S. E. (2019).
Pathophysiology: The biologic basis for disease in adults and children (8th ed.). St. Louis,
MO: Mosby/Elsevier. Chapter 15: Structure and Function of the Cardiovascular and
Lymphatic Systems (stop at Aging and the nervous system) Chapter 16: Pain, Temperature
Regulation, Sleep, and Sensory Function (stop at Sleep); Summary Review o Chapter 17:
Alterations in Cognitive Systems, Cerebral Hemodynamics, and Motor Function; pp. 504–
511, pp. 516–530 (start at Acute confusional states and delirium) (stop at Alterations in
neuromotor functions); (Parkinson’s Disease); Summary Review Chapter 18: Disorders of
the Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems and the Neuromuscular Junction (stop at
Degenerative disorders of the spine); (start at Cerebrovascular disorders) (stop at Tumors
of the central nervous system); Summary Review Chapter 44: Structure and Function of the
Musculoskeletal System (stop at Components of muscle function); Summary Review
Chapter 45: Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function (stop at Bone tumors); (start at
Disorders of joints); Summary Review Chin, L. S. (2018). Spinal cord injuries. Retrieved
from https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/793582-overview#a4 Rubric Detail Select
Grid View or List View to change the rubric's layout. Name: NURS_6501_Module5_Case
Study_Assignment_Rubric Grid View List View Excellent Good Fair Poor Develop a 1- to 2-
page case study analysis, examining the patient symptoms presented in the case study. Be
sure to address the following: Explain both the neurological and musculoskeletal
pathophysiologic processes of why the patient presents these symptoms. 28 (28%) - 30
(30%) The response accurately and thoroughly describes the patient symptoms. The
response includes accurate, clear, and detailed explanations of both the neurological and
musculoskeletal pathophysiologic processes of patients who present these symptoms and is
supported by evidence and/or research, as appropriate, to support the explanation. 25
(25%) - 27 (27%) The response describes the patient symptoms. The response includes
accurate, explanations of both the neurological and musculoskeletal pathophysiologic
processes of patients who present these symptoms and is supported by evidence and/or
research, as appropriate, to support the explanation. 23 (23%) - 24 (24%) The response
describes the patient symptoms in a manner that is vague or inaccurate. The response
includes explanations of both the neurological and musculoskeletal pathophysiologic
processes of patients who present these symptoms and is supported by explanations that
are vague or based on inappropriate evidence/research. 0 (0%) - 22 (22%) The response
describes the patient symptoms in a manner that is vague and inaccurate, or the description
is missing. The response does not include explanations of both the neurological and
musculoskeletal pathophysiologic processes of patients who present these symptoms, or
the explanations are vague or based on inappropriate evidence/research. Explain how the
highlighted processes interact to affect the patient. 28 (28%) - 30 (30%) The response
includes an accurate, complete, detailed, and specific explanation of how the highlighted
processes interact to affect the patient and is supported by evidence and/or research, as
appropriate, to support the explanation. 25 (25%) - 27 (27%) The response includes an
accurate explanation of how the highlighted processes interact to affect the patient and is
supported by evidence and/or research, as appropriate, to support the explanation. 23

3. (23%) - 24 (24%) The response includes a vague or inaccurate explanation of how the
highlighted processes interact to affect the patient, with explanations that are based on
inappropriate evidence/research. 0 (0%) - 22 (22%) The response includes a vague or
inaccurate explanation of how the highlighted processes interact to affect the patient, with
explanations that are based on inappropriate or missing evidence/research. Explain any
racial/ethnic variables that may impact physiological functioning. 23 (23%) - 25 (25%) The
response includes an accurate, complete, detailed, and specific explanation of racial/ethnic
variables that may impact physiological functioning and is supported by evidence and/or
research, as appropriate, to support the explanation. 20 (20%) - 22 (22%) The response
includes an accurate explanation of racial/ethnic variables that may impact physiological
functioning and is supported by evidence and/or research, as appropriate, to support the
explanation. 18 (18%) - 19 (19%) The response includes a vague or inaccurate explanation
of racial/ethnic variables that may impact physiological functioning, and/or explanations
that are based on inappropriate evidence/research. 0 (0%) - 17 (17%) The response
includes a vague or inaccurate explanation of racial/ethnic variables that may impact
physiological functioning, or the explanations are based on inappropriate or no
evidence/research. Written Expression and Formatting - Paragraph Development and
Organization: Paragraphs make clear points that support well-developed ideas, flow
logically, and demonstrate continuity of ideas. Sentences are carefully focused—neither
long and rambling nor short and lacking substance. A clear and comprehensive purpose
statement and introduction are provided that delineate all required criteria. 5 (5%) - 5 (5%)
Paragraphs and sentences follow writing standards for flow, continuity, and clarity. A clear
and comprehensive purpose statement, introduction, and conclusion are provided that
delineate all required criteria. 4 (4%) - 4 (4%) Paragraphs and sentences follow writing
standards for flow, continuity, and clarity 80% of the time. The purpose, introduction, and
conclusion of the assignment are stated, yet they are brief and not descriptive. 3.5 (3.5%) -
3.5 (3.5%) Paragraphs and sentences follow writing standards for flow, continuity, and
clarity 60%–79% of the time. The purpose, introduction, and conclusion of the assignment
are vague or off topic. 0 (0%) - 3 (3%) Paragraphs and sentences follow writing standards
for flow, continuity, and clarity < 60% of the time. No purpose statement, introduction, or
conclusion were provided. Written Expression and Formatting - English Writing Standards:
Correct grammar, mechanics, and proper punctuation 5 (5%) - 5 (5%) Uses correct
grammar, spelling, and punctuation with no errors. 4 (4%) - 4 (4%) Contains a few (1 or 2)
grammar, spelling, and punctuation errors. 3.5 (3.5%) - 3.5 (3.5%) Contains several (3 or 4)
grammar, spelling, and punctuation errors. 0 (0%) - 3 (3%) Contains many (≥ 5) grammar,
spelling, and punctuation errors that interfere with the reader’s understanding. Written
Expression and Formatting - The paper follows correct APA format for title page, headings,
font, spacing, margins, indentations, page numbers, parenthetical/in-text citations, and
reference list. 5 (5%) - 5 (5%) Uses correct APA format with no errors. 4 (4%) - 4 (4%)
Contains a few (1 or 2) APA format errors. 3 (3%) - 3 (3%) Contains several (3 or 4) APA
format errors. 0 (0%) - 3 (3%) Contains many (≥ 5) APA format errors. Total Points: 100
Name: NURS_6501_Module5_Case Study_Assignment_RubricA 67-year-old man comes to
the HCP complaining of tremors in his arms as his primary symptom. He has also

4. experienced some tremors in his leg, which is concerning. The client is joined by his son,
who claims that his father has grown "stiff" and that it currently takes him substantially
longer to do ordinary activities than before. In addition, the son notes that his father
requires assistance getting up from his chair. There are "pill-rolling" motions in the fingers,
which are evident during a physical examination. There is no movement in the patient's
face, which gives the image of being masked. He walks with an unsteady gait, gently nudges
as he walks, and his hips, knees, and head/neck are all flexed forward. He moves in a
cogwheeling or jerky manner. In addition, the client indicates that he has bouts of excessive
sweatiness and flushing that are not linked to physical exertion. There were no significant
findings in the laboratory results, and the HCP determined that the client had Parkinson's
disease.Explanation of Clinical PresentationThe client presented in the scenario exhibits the
manifestations and indications of Parkinson's disease. Parkinson's disease (PD) is a
neurological condition characterized by loss of balance, stiffness, rest tremor and
bradykinesia, among other symptoms. A reduction in dopamine levels, which is a
neurotransmitter that helps the body move, is typically the cause of Parkinson's disease.
With Parkinson's disease, the dopamine-producing area of the brain, the substantia nigra,
does not work efficiently, resulting in lower levels of dopamine in the client’s bloodstream.
The globus pallidus, which is a component of the basal ganglia, is in charge of regulating
voluntary motions like picking up objects. When performing complex motions, such as
changing one's body posture, the parts of the brain that govern these motions must have
sufficient dopamine to work properly. As a result, the client's gait is unsteady, and he
requires assistance getting out of his chair. The cerebellum is in charge of coordinated
motions, whereas the motor region of the cerebral cortex is in charge of voluntary motions.
Because both regions receive input from the body's position, they must collaborate in order
to complete the physical action. The tremor at rest is caused by the basal ganglia being at
rest (Olson et al., 2019). There are several muscles associated with making an expression on
the face, and when dopamine levels have dropped, the client's capacity to regulate those
muscles is also impaired, thereby giving the client a "mask-like" look (Gunnery et al., 2016).
Excessive sweating and flushing were also noted by the client, which may have been caused
by issues with his autonomic nervous system, which regulates the production of
sweat.ORDER HERERacial/Ethnic VariablesParkinson's disease is a neurological disorder
that has no recognized etiology. However, there are hereditary possible causes and genetic
factors that have been identified as being connected with the disease. According to Ben-
Joseph et al. (2020), some genes, like SNCA, PRKN, PINK1, PARK7, or LRRK2 may be
responsible for Parkinson's disease. Comparatively to Asians and African Americans,
Caucasian men have a greater prevalence rate of Parkinson's disease. Males over the age of
50 are most often affected by this condition (Ben-Joseph et al., 2020).How these Processes
Interact to Affect the PatientInsufficient dopamine levels interfere with the brain's ability to
perform activities and movements. Once the dopamine levels begin to decline, it becomes
more difficult to perform even the most basic of activities. The patient in this case study is
finding it hard to do routine duties because of the tremors and jerky walk, as well as the
stiffness in his body.ReferencesBen-Joseph, A., Marshall, C. R., Lees, A. J., & Noyce, A. J.
(2020). Ethnic variation in the manifestation of Parkinson’s disease: A narrative review.

5. Journal of Parkinson's Disease, 10(1), 31-45. https://doi.org/10.3233/jpd-191763Gunnery,
S. D., Habermann, B., Saint-Hilaire, M., Thomas, C. A., & Tickle-Degnen, L. (2016). The
relationship between the experience of Hypomimia and social wellbeing in people with
Parkinson’s disease and their care partners. Journal of Parkinson's Disease, 6(3), 625-
630. https://doi.org/10.3233/jpd-160782Olson, M., Lockhart, T. E., & Lieberman, A. (2019).
Motor learning deficits in Parkinson's disease (PD) and their effect on training response in
gait and balance: A narrative review. Frontiers in Neurology,
10. https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2019.00062Case Study Analysis Essay Discussion Paper