1. Made by
keshav pareek

3. What are political parties?A political party is a group of people who
come together to contest elections and hold
power in the government. They agree on
some policies and programmes for a society
with a view to promote collective good.
A political party has three main components-
• The leaders
• The active members and
• The supporters.

4. Why do we need political
parties?
We can understand the necessity of political parties by imagining
a situation where political parties doesn’t exist. Every candidate
in the elections will be independent , so no candidate will be able
to make any promises to the people about any major changes. The
government may be formed but its utility will remain ever
uncertain. Elected representatives will be accountable to their
consistuency only. No one will be responsible for how the country
will be run

5. Functions of the political partiesParties contest elections.
Parties form and run governments in country.
Parties put different policies and programmes.
Parties play a decisive role in making laws for a country.
Those parties that lose in the elections play the role of
opposition to the parties in power.
Parties shape public opinion by raising and highlighting
issues.
Parties provide people access to government machinery and
welfare schemes implemented.

6. Types of political partiesThere are two types of political parties –
1.National parties – A party that secures at least 6% of the total votes
in lok sabha elections or assembly elections in four states and win at
least 4 seats in lok sabha is recognized as a national party.
2.State / Regional parties – A party that secures atleast 6% of the of
the total votes in state legislative assembly elections and wins at least
2 seats is recognized as state party.

7. MAJOR NATIONAL
POLITICAL PARTIES
S.
N.
Symbol Name
Acrony
m
Year Party leader
1. Bahujan Samaj Party BSP 1984 Mayawati
2. Bharatiya Janata Party BJP 1980 AMIT SAH
3.
Communist Party of
India
CPI 1925 A.B. Bardhan
4.
Communist Party of
India (Marxist
CPI (M) 1964 Prakash Karat
5.
Indian National
Congress
INC 1885 Sonia Gandhi
6.
Nationalist Congress
Party
NCP 1999 Sharad Pawar

8. Multi-party system
In this system, the government is formed by various
parties coming together in a coalition.
For example, in India there were three such major
alliances in 2004 parliamentary elections– the
National Democratic Alliance, the United Progressive
Alliance and the Left Front.

9. FLAGS

10. SYMBOLS

12. BHARTIYA JANTA PARTY (BJP)
The BJP is the current form of the erstwhile Bharatiya Jana
Sangh (BJS, Indian People's Union), which was founded in October
21, 1951 by Syama Prasad Mookerjee
Believes in Indian Nationalism (Hindu Nationalism),Integral
humanism, Economic liberalism, Gandhian Socialism, Conservatism,
Social conservatism.
Came to power in 1998 as the leader of national democratic alliance.
Earlier limited to the northern and western parts of the country.
The Ruler party in lok sabha.
The party's political symbol is a lotus

13. Chairperson AMIT SAH
Leader in Lok Sabha NARENDRA MODI
Leader in Rajya Sabha Arun Jaitley
Preceded by Bharatiya Jana Sangh
Headquarters 11 Ashoka Road,
New Delhi, 110001
Newspaper Kamal Sandesh
Youth wing Bharatiya Janata Yuva Morcha
Women's wing BJP Mahila Morcha
Labour wing Bharatiya Mazdoor Sangh
Peasant's wing Bharatiya Kisan Sangh
Political position Centre-right
Official colours Orange
ECI Status National Party
Seats in Lok Sabha 281/545
Seats in Rajya Sabha 46 / 250

15. INDIAN NATIONAL CONGRESS
(INC)
One of the oldest parties of the world
. Founded in 1885 by members of the occultist movementTheosophical Society
—Allan Octavian Hume, Dadabhai Naoroji, Dinshaw Wacha, Womesh
Chandra Bonnerjee, Surendranath Banerjee, Monomohun Ghose, and Mahadev
Govind Ranade
It played a important role in the independence of India.
It was a ruling party till 1977 after independence.
A centrist party in its ideological orientation, the party espouses secularism and
welfare of weaker sections.
The party's political symbol is hand

17. BAHUJAN SAMAJ
PARTY (BSP)
It was formed in 1984 under the leadership of Kanshi Ram.
Stands for the cause of securing the interests and welfare of
the dalits and oppressed people.
It’s main base is in Uttar Pradesh and substantial presence
in neighbouring states.
The party's political symbol is an Elephant.

18. Chairperson Mayawati
Secretary-General Satish Chandra Mishra
Leader in Lok Sabha N/A
Leader in Rajya Sabha Mayawati
Headquarters 12, Gurudwara Rakabganj
Road,
New Delhi - 110001
Political position Center
Official colours Blue
ECI Status National Party
Seats in Lok Sabha 00 / 545
Seats in Rajya Sabha 10/ 250

19. MAYAWATI & KANSIRAM

21. COMMUNIST PARTY OF
INDIA (CPI)
It was formed in 1925. The founding members of the party were M.N. Roy, Evelyn
Trent Roy (Roy's wife), Abani Mukherji, Rosa Fitingof(Abani's wife), Mohammad Ali
(Ahmed Hasan), Mohammad Shafiq Siddiqui and M.P.B.T. Acharya.
It believes in Marxism-Leninism, secularism and democracy.
Became weak after the split in the party in1964.
Has significant presence in the states of Kerala ,West Bengal ,Tripura ,Andhra
Pradesh and Tamil Nadu.

22. Secretary-
General
S Sudhaker Reddy
Headquarters New Delhi, India
Political
position
Far-left
International
affiliation
International
Conference of
Communist and
Workers' Parties.
Official colours Red
Alliance Left Front
ECI Status National Party

23. Communist Party of
India - Marxist (CPI-M):1964
Believes in Marxism- Leninism.
Supports socialism, secularism and democracy and
opposes imperialism and communalism.
Enjoys strong support in West Bengal, Kerala and
Tripura , among the poor, factory workers, farmers,
agricultural labourers and the intelligentsia

24. Secretary-General Prakash Karat
Leader in Lok Sabha Basudev Acharia
Leader in
Rajya Sabha
Sitaram Yechuri
Headquarters New Delhi, India
Student wing Students Federation of
India
Youth wing Democratic Youth
Federation of India
Women's wing All India Democratic
Womens Association
Labour wing Centre of Indian Trade
Unions
Peasant's wing All India Kisan Sabha
Political position Far-left
ECI Status National Party
Alliance Left Front
Seats in Lok Sabha 9/ 545
Seats in Rajya Sabha 9 / 250

26. Nationalist Congress
Party (NCP):1999
Formed in 1999 following a split in the Congress
party.
Espouses democracy, Gandhian secularism, equity,
social justice and federalism.
A major party in Maharashtra .

27. Chairperson Sharad Pawar
Founded 1999
Headquarters 10, Bishambhar Das
Marg,New Delhi, 110001
Political position Centre/Centre left
Official colours Aqua
Alliance United Progressive Alliance
ECI Status National Party
Seats in Lok Sabha 9 / 545
Seats in Rajya Sabha 7 / 250