Different perspectives- intended to enable a discussion, not to inform.

1. Session Agenda C6
1.Video
2.Presentations (4) Host Europe
3.Case review: Stakeholders & their interests
4.Toolbox: Life Cycles
1
AB0401Term2

2. 2

3. Toolbox Session:
Life CycleAnalysis
3

4. 4ConsultingProjectManagement
ExecuteResource
Negotiate
& Initiate
Project Life Cycle:
Process Groups
START:
Client Needs?
Control
Select
Consultant
Plan
Complete
& Close
Evaluation:
Needs Met?
Post-Project
Review (~1yr)

5. 5
Overlap of Process Groups in a Phase

6. Built Environment:
from Cradle-to-Grave
6
AB0401Term2

7. definition of life cycle costing
Life cycle costing is:
• an economic evaluation method
• that accounts for all relevant costs
• over the investment’s time horizon,
• adjusted for time value of money,
where appropriate
7

8. Another Life Cycle
• Why do we want to count?
• What do we want to count?
• How are we going to count it?
• Available data? Estimating?
8

9. European standards:
BuildingConstruction
9

10. Carbon Life Cycle –
Data structure
Design
Materials or
Product
Manufacture
Distribution
Assembly on
site
In use
Refurbish/
demolish
Embodied carbon –
•Resource extraction
•Transportation, manufacturing
and fabrication of a product
(typically ‘cradle-to-factory
gate’).
•Can include energy used
during the design and end-of-
life stages
Operational carbon –
Emissions from
energy consumed
once the building is
occupied;
• lighting,
•Heating,
•cooling,
•ICT.
Construction carbon –
•Construction site
machinery
•Site huts
•Transport
Accuracy
levels
+ /- 20-30% + /- 5% + /- 15%-70%
1-2%Total
Emissions
15-30% 3-4% 5-6% 50-70% 2-4%
Source: IGT/F+G
10

11. a “Carbon Footprint or Carbon Profile equals the overall amount of
carbon dioxide (CO2) and other greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions (e.g.
methane, NOx, etc.) associated with a product along its supply-chain,
including use and end-of-life recovery and disposal….. “
11

12. Definitionused in UK constructionindustry
12
• Embodied carbon – the sum of fuel related carbon
emissions (i.e. embodied energy which is combusted
– but not feedstock energyretained within building
material) and process related carbon emissions (i.e.
non-fuel related emissions which may arise, for
example, from chemical reactions).”
The Inventory of Carbon and Energy (ICE V2.0)
as published by University of Bath, January 2011

13. Carbon counting
To use this data you need to measure the weight of the different
materials in a building. There are two options for using the
data:
1. Transform it into values for products in the units in which
they are procured and use existing estimating measurement
rules.
2. Produce a database to estimate weights of materials which
may need a whole new set of rules of measurement and
procedures
13

14. whydoweneed LCC?
A dog is for life and not just for Christmas 14

15. Bonus Toolbox:
The Wisdom of Crowds
If people do not hear the opinions of others, or if
they render their true predictions anyway crowds
can be incredibly wise.
James Suroweicki

16. Suroweicki’s Examples
Morton Thiokol’s stock plunge
Prediction Markets
Hollywood Stock Exchange
Iowa Electronic Market
Sports Betting Markets
Who Wants to be a Millionaire?
1906 West of England Fat Stock and Poultry Exhibition
Michigania 02005

17. The Madness of Crowds:
true or false?
We tend to think of crowds of people as irrational mobs.

18. IQ Diversity: which group performs better
at estimation?
138
75
121 84
Alpha Group Diverse Group
132 135
139
135
137
135
111
31

19. In Praise of Experts?
Theorem: If an expert can integrate
every variable considered by any one of
the novices, the expert predicts better
than the crowd of novices.
Else, the crowd of novices will prevail.