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Reggie Henry Chief Technology Officer ASAE & The Center for Association Leadership Work 2.0 – Top Trends in Technology and Implications for Organizations

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Reginald J. Henry (Reggie) Chief Technology Officer Phone: (202) 326-9547 Email: [email_address] Web Site: http://www.asaecenter.org

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Safe Haven Policy What we discuss here, stays here!

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What We’ll Cover Today <ul><li>Technology Cultures in Organizations </li></ul><ul><li>Top trends in technology and implications for associations </li></ul><ul><li>Social Networking & Collaboration Technologies </li></ul>

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Organizational Technology Culture & The 6-Step Capabilities Continuum

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Necessary Evil : Fails to see the benefits of technology and avoid it as much as possible. They do not use e-mail and depend more on paper files. Necessary : Uses technology reluctantly. Often, there is not organization-wide use of e-mail, but individual staff members might. They use current equipment and outdated “legacy” equipment in the same office. Some workstations may run on older Windows platforms, some more recent. Necessary Good : View technology as a necessary and important part of their work. They use current hardware/software and the organization uses e-mail heavily. However, this group often has an underutilized web site. Strategic Advantage : Believe that their effective use of technology will give them a strategic advantage. They have invested in technology and try to integrate it into all program functions. It is used extensively in delivering services, fund raising, and both internal and external communications. Technology Cultures in Organizations

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<ul><ul><li>4 separate steps along the technology culture continuum </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Technology culture has a dramatic impact on technology implementation capabilities </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Cultural attitudes typically come from the top down, but can be resident in all areas of the organization </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Culture can be changed, but it must be addressed head on. </li></ul></ul>Organizational Technology Culture & The 6-Step Capabilities Continuum

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<ul><ul><li>6-step continuum categorizes organization’s usage of technology </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Progress up steps is a linear step-by-step approach </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Each step achieved typically equates to better utilization of resources, increased membership, higher member satisfaction, and increased revenue </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Culture plays a significant role in the timeliness to which technology is implemented </li></ul></ul>The 6-Step Capabilities Continuum

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<ul><li>There is a relationship between Technology Culture and Capabilities. </li></ul><ul><li>Technology Culture is the limiting factor to progressing along the capabilities continuum. </li></ul>Organizational Technology Culture & The 6-Step Capabilities Continuum

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Top trends in technology and implications for organizations <ul><li>Web 2.0 </li></ul><ul><li>Social Networking – The Next Phase </li></ul><ul><li>SaaS – Software as a Service </li></ul><ul><li>Cloud Computing </li></ul><ul><li>Virtualization </li></ul><ul><li>Location Based Services </li></ul><ul><li>NetBooks </li></ul><ul><li>The Increasing Importance of Mobile Devices </li></ul><ul><li>Unified Communications </li></ul><ul><li>????? </li></ul>

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1. Web 2.0

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1. Web 2.0 How do I understand this stuff? http://www.commoncraft.com/

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1. Web 2.0 Read This Book! How do I understand this stuff?

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This is soooo not about the technology! 1. Web 2.0

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1. Web 2.0

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The philosophy focuses on the idea that the people who consume media, access the Internet, and use the Web shouldn't passively absorb what's available -- rather, they should be active contributors, helping customize media and technology for their own purposes, as well as those of their communities. Alexandra Krasne – Techsoup http://www.techsoup.org/learningcenter/webbuilding/page4233.cfm There’s a new philosophy driving the internet! Why is Social Networking SO important?

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<ul><ul><li>… .users have repurposed the technology to present their identity and connect in personally meaningful ways…. </li></ul></ul>Citation: boyd, danah. 2007. “Social Network Sites: Public, Private, or What?” Why is Social Networking SO important?

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Why is Social Networking SO important? <ul><li>For the first time, Its all about me! </li></ul><ul><li>What I want to talk about </li></ul><ul><li>who I want to talk to </li></ul><ul><li>what I want to say about them. </li></ul>

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Why is Social Networking SO important? It’s about us! Our relationships! What we want to say!

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That’s what this is REALLY all about! There is a group of folks, largely (but not entirely) defined by generation, who communicate differently. They have always communicated differently. They live their lives out loud! The world is changing the way it communicates. The world is changing the way content is created, filtered, consumed, shared, rated…… That’s what this is REALLY all about! That’s what this is REALLY all about! Top trends in technology and implications for organizations

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The world is changing the way content is created, filtered, consumed, shared……

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The world is changing the way content is created, filtered, consumed, shared……

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Oh, and yes, there are some tools! Social Networking Tools

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Let’s take a brief tour! Social Networking Tools

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2. Social Networking Why is this so important?

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Why is Social Networking SO important? <ul><li>24% of Americans use an online social networking site such as MySpace or Facebook, according to the Pew Internet Project . 66% of Americans age 18-29 say they use social networking sites </li></ul>

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Why is Social Networking SO important? What is a Social Networking site ? Social network sites are the latest generation of ‘mediated publics’ - environments where people can gather publicly through mediating technology.

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How do these sites work? <ul><li>Once logged into one of these systems, participants are asked to create a profile to represent themselves digitally using text, images, video, audio, links, quizzes, and surveys </li></ul><ul><li>These profiles are sewn together into a large web through 'Friends' lists. </li></ul><ul><li>The third feature is public commenting </li></ul>Why is Social Networking SO important?

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These three features - profiles, Friends lists, and comments - comprise the primary structure of all social network sites, although individual sites provide additional features for further engagement. While SNSes allow visitors to wander from Friend to Friend and communicate with anyone who has a visible profile, the primary use pattern is driven by pre-existing friend groups. People join the sites with their friends and use the different messaging tools to hang out, share cultural artifacts and ideas, and communicate with one another. … hmmmm…sounds like special interests groups to me… Why is Social Networking SO important?

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Why is Social Networking SO important? Blogs, the internet’s soap box! <ul><li>Blogs are akin to conversations. The ability of readers to leave comments on posts paves the way for two-way communication that creates the feel of a true conversation and help builds meaningful relationships. </li></ul><ul><li>Search engines scan them on daily basis. This means you are reaching a far larger public than you expect and no one can accuse you of spamming. </li></ul><ul><li>By enabling comments to your blog, you’ll have a free opportunity to get feedback and see how the readers react to your products, prices, etc </li></ul><ul><li>Blogs are easy to start and hard to maintain. It’s difficult to find the right blogger who can write comprehensible text with mass appeal. </li></ul><ul><li>Keeping a blog up to date takes time, not keeping it up to date hurts your reputation </li></ul><ul><li>Some conversations you start may end up in places you never imagined! </li></ul>Pros Cons

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Why is Social Networking SO important? Two Really BIG questions! <ul><li>Do you or your organization have the time to start and sustain a blog (or multiple blogs)? </li></ul><ul><li>Are you ready to be that transparent, that open, even that vulnerable? </li></ul>

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Why is Social Networking SO important? <ul><li>Advantages of Wikis may include: </li></ul><ul><li>No need to install HTML authoring tools; minimal training may be needed. </li></ul><ul><li>Can help develop a culture of sharing and working together (cf. open source). </li></ul><ul><li>Useful for joint working when there are agreed shared goals. </li></ul><ul><li>Disadvantages of Wikis may include: </li></ul><ul><li>The success of the Wikipedia may not necessarily be replicated elsewhere. </li></ul><ul><li>There is not (yet) a standard lightweight Wiki markup language. </li></ul><ul><li>A collaborative Wiki may suffer from a lack of a strong vision or leadership. </li></ul><ul><li>Can be ineffective when there is a lack of consensus. </li></ul><ul><li>There may be copyright and other legal issues regarding collaborative content. </li></ul><ul><li>It may be difficult for Wikis to gain momentum. </li></ul>Wikis, Ultimate Content Collaboration

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Why is Social Networking SO important? Three Really BIG questions! <ul><li>Living Content – No end in site – are you ready for that? </li></ul><ul><li>How do you manage everyone making changes to everything? Are you ready for THAT? </li></ul><ul><li>How does this affect our $$publications$$ business? Are we really ready for that? </li></ul>

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Persistence. What you say sticks around. Hmmm…….. Searchability. Usually pretty easy to find someone or something that interests you. Replicability. Digital bits are copyable; this means that you can copy a conversation from one place and paste it into another place. It also means that it’s difficult to determine if the content was doctored. Invisible audiences. While it is common to face strangers in public life, our eyes provide a good sense of who can overhear our expressions. In mediated publics, not only are lurkers invisible, but persistence, searchability, and replicability introduce audiences that were never present at the time when the expression was created. Characteristics of Social Networks Why is Social Networking SO important?

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Why is Social Networking SO important? Issues with Social Networks <ul><li>We don’t/can’t control them!! </li></ul><ul><li>Most of the popular sites weren't designed for work..more like “Inter-tainment”. </li></ul><ul><li>It takes time to keep “stuff” about me up to date. </li></ul><ul><li>For these networks to work, folks must trust people they don’t know. Managing trust is hard! </li></ul><ul><li>Most associations are closed environments made up of other smaller closed environments (think SIGs, professional interest areas). Social networks are very porous. </li></ul>This is a huge cultural shift!!

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Why is Social Networking SO important? What are the benefits to organizations?

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How can social networks be beneficial? <ul><li>Use the network to find experts and knowledge – make these experts and knowledge available to everyone. </li></ul><ul><li>Better understand how your associations knowledge creation and dissemination paths “really” work </li></ul><ul><li>Increasing the value and extending the life of face-to-face events (IntroNetworks) </li></ul><ul><li>Prepare for the coming generations of workers – they already “live” this way </li></ul>Why is Social Networking SO important?

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Why is Social Networking SO important? <ul><li>Kollock's Framework </li></ul><ul><li>Peter Kollock (1999) researched motivations for contributing to online communities. In &quot;The Economies of Online Cooperation: Gifts and Public Goods in Cyberspace&quot;, he outlines three motivations (Kollock:227) that do not rely on altruistic behavior on the part of the contributor: </li></ul><ul><li>Anticipated Reciprocity </li></ul><ul><li>Increased Recognition </li></ul><ul><li>Sense of efficacy </li></ul>Why People Join Communities Hmmmmm…not much different than why people join associations!

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Why is Social Networking SO important? What you need to do to make SNSs work! Trust the member’s input. Make it easy to contribute to your knowledge base and make it accessible to others. Sense of Efficacy Enable your knowledge base to evolve as processes and concepts change. Sense of Efficacy Allow the member to be known and get credit by measuring their contributions. Build Reputation, Anticipated Reciprocity, Sense of Community Allow other members in the community to measure and respond to contributions. Sense of Community, Build Reputations

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3. Software as a Service (SaaS) Software as a Service ( SaaS , typically pronounced 'sass') is a model of software deployment whereby a provider licenses an application to customers for use as a service on demand. The provider usually hosts the software.

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3. Software as a Service (SaaS) Pros <ul><li>Reduced capital expenditure </li></ul><ul><li>Low barriers to entry for new technology </li></ul><ul><li>Avoid ROI risks </li></ul><ul><li>Application performance problems, such as lack of availability or slow response times </li></ul><ul><li>Inability to customize SaaS applications to meet user needs </li></ul><ul><li>Lack of Software integration </li></ul><ul><li>The prospect of hidden costs that could become budget-busters for the organizations is a big concern </li></ul>Cons

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4. Cloud Computing What is it? <ul><li>The use of computer technology, primarily software, over the internet. The word “cloud” is simply a metaphor for the internet </li></ul><ul><li>Incorporates the concepts of Web 2.0 and Software as a Service </li></ul><ul><li>Most cloud services are provided through web browsers </li></ul>

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4. Cloud Computing Pros <ul><li>Reduced capital expenditure </li></ul><ul><li>Low barriers to entry for new technology </li></ul><ul><li>Avoid ROI risks </li></ul>Cons <ul><li>Really must examine vendors carefully </li></ul><ul><li>Who’s administering my “stuff”? </li></ul><ul><li>What happens if company goes out of business? </li></ul>

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5. Virtualization The fact is, most of our servers are woefully underutilized and virtualization is a great way to get a better ROI. Virtualization is the creation of a virtual (rather than actual) version of something, such as a server, a storage device or network resources.

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6. Location Based Services A location-based service (LBS) is an information and/or entertainment service, accessible with mobile devices through the mobile network and utilizing the ability to make use of the geographical position of the mobile device-usually through GPS, cell towers, or nearby wireless hub.

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6. Location Based Services Example

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7. Netbooks Small laptops that are designed for wireless communication and access to the Internet Primarily designed for web browsing and e-mailing, netbooks rely heavily on the Internet for remote access to web-based applications&quot; and are targeted increasingly at cloud computing users. The devices range in size from below 5 inches to over 13, typically weigh 2 to 3 pounds and are often significantly cheaper than general purpose laptops.

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8. The Increasing Importance of Mobile Devices – for work

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8. The Increasing Importance of Mobile Devices – for life

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9. Unified Communications On an average working day, an average user might get 30 e-mail messages, 5 faxes, 12 voicemails, 23 phone calls, and 8 SMS messages. Unified Communications exists to consolidate all the above types of message and store them in one location, for example, Microsoft Outlook.

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10. ??? The Crowd!

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Us Inside! We’ve gone from… … to… 10. ???

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<ul><li>Contact information: </li></ul><ul><ul><ul><ul><ul><li>Speaker Reggie Henry </li></ul></ul></ul></ul></ul><ul><ul><ul><ul><ul><li>Speaker Chief Technology Officer </li></ul></ul></ul></ul></ul><ul><ul><ul><ul><ul><li>Phone: 202-326-9547 </li></ul></ul></ul></ul></ul><ul><ul><ul><ul><ul><li>E-mail: reggie@asaecenter/org </li></ul></ul></ul></ul></ul><ul><ul><ul><ul><ul><li>Websites: www.asaecenter.org </li></ul></ul></ul></ul></ul>Connecting Great Ideas and Great People

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Final Thoughts - Q & A Thank You for Your Time and Attention