3. What is sustainable agriculture?
• Farming in sustainable ways
• Understanding ecosystem services
• Relationships between organisms
and their environment
• Meet food and textile needs
5. Environmental Goals
• Produce and enjoy healthy foods and fibers
without compromising the ability of future
generation
• Controlled use of pesticides
• Proper management of fodder
• Maintenance of soil fertility
• Prevention of Habitat loss due to land
conversion
6. Social Goals
• Cooperative relationships
• Strong moral and work ethics
• Better human health and diet
• Environmental stewardship
• Development of rural communities
• Maintenance of agricultural heritage
7. Economic Goals
• Enhanced productivity in terms of quantity and
quality
• To attain improved profitability
• Energy Efficiency
• Improved livelihood
• Food security
• Labour and employment
8. A system Perspective
• Interaction between Energy,
Environment and living
organisms.
Ecosystem
• An Ecosystem managed to
produce food and fiber.
Agro-
ecosystem
• A system that produces,
processes, distributes and
consumes food.
Food
system
11. Crop rotation
• Growing different crops in same area in
sequential season
• Most powerful technique of sustainable
agriculture
• Improve soil structure and fertility
• Mitigates the build up of pathogens and pests
• Reduces the need for chemical fertilizers
12. Biotechnology
• Provides new tools for sustainable agriculture
• Use of living organisms to develop useful
products
• Improved nutritional content
• Safety testing and government
regulations
• Genetically Modified Crops
13. Organic fertilizers
• Derived from animal matter or veg matter
• Maintain the level of nitrogen, phosphate,
and potash
• Prevents soil erosion and degradation
• Minimizes odours from agricultural areas
• Increases moisture retention capacity of
soil
14. Urban Agriculture
• Process of cultivating food crop within urban area
• To contribute toward urban food security and
nutrition
• Vacant urban areas can be used for agriculture
production
• Rooftop gardens
• Vertical farms
15. Integrated paste management
• Protection from harmful insects
• Sustainable practices for economic control of
pests
• Discourage development of pest population
• Keep pesticides to level
• Reduce the risk to human health and
environment
16. 46%
22%
9%
4%
4%
4%
11%
Pesticides Use by Crops in India
Cotton Rice Vegetables
Plantation Pulses Wheat
https://www.conserve-energy-future.com/methods-and-
benefits-of-sustainable-agriculture.php
17. • This is a long term process
• Expert knowledge of soil, plants, and chemicals
is required
• It limits the proper use of land
• It is hard to maintain the fertility of soil by
simply rotating crop
• There is not enough technology to use
renewable fuels
Urban agriculture can also involve animal husbandry, aquaculture, agroforestry, urban beekeeping, and horticulture. These activities occur in peri-urban areas as well, and peri-urban agriculture may have different characteristics. Urban farms also provide unique opportunities for individuals, especially those living in cities, to get actively involved with ecological citizenship.
This is an approach which really relies on biological as apposed to chemical methods. It also emphasizes the importance of crop rotation to combat pest management.