2. +
“You can dream, create, design and
build the most wonderful place in the
world, but it requires people to make
the dream a reality..! Walt Disney
3. +
Historical Background
This generated an interest in human behavior at
work place.
Professor Elton Mayo started a series of
studies & numerous experiments covering
redesign of jobs, changes in the length of work
day, time, introduction of rest periods and
individual vs group pay plans.
Hawthorne studies set the direction OB and
management practices!!
4. +
Today’s managerial world
Manager of today has to undertake various roles
& challenges.
Different research scientists have given different
roles/skills/activities performed by a manager:
Robert Katz – has identified three essential
management skills:
Technical Skills – job knowledge
Conceptual Skills – ability to analyze and diagnose
complex situations
Human Skills – work with people i.e. to be able to
predict, explain & control their behavior
5. +
Mintzberg Model
Informational Role
Monitor
Disseminator
Spokesperson
Decisional Role
Entrepreneur
Disturbance handler
Resource allocator
Negotiator
Interpersonal Role
Figurehead
Leader
Liaison
7. + 7
Examples of Organizational
Citizenship
Helping others on one's work team
Volunteering for extra job activities
Avoiding unnecessary conflicts
Making constructive statements about one's work group and
the overall organization
8. +
1-8
Focal Points of OB
Jobs
Work
Absenteeism
Employment turnover
Productivity
Human performance
Management
9. +
1-9
Contributing Disciplines
to the OB Field
Psychology
Social Psychology
Sociology
Anthropology
Micro:
The
Individual
Macro:
Groups &
Organizations
11. + 11
Typical employee is getting older
More women and minorities in the workplace
Global competition is requiring employees to become more flexible
Historical loyalty-bonds that held many employees to their employers
are being severed
12. + 12
Responding to Globalization
Increased Foreign Assignments
Working with People from Different Cultures
Coping with Anti-Capitalism Backlash
Overseeing Movement of Jobs to Countries with Low-cost Labor
13. 13
Managing Diversity
Workforce diversity -
organizations are
becoming a more
heterogeneous mix of
people in terms of gender,
age, race, ethnicity, and
sexual orientation
14. + 14
Diversity Implications
Managers have to shift their philosophy from treating everyone
alike to recognizing differences and responding to those
differences in ways that ensure employee retention and greater
productivity.
15. + 15
OB Insights
Improving People Skills
Improving Customer Service
Empowering People
Working in Networked Organizations
Stimulating Innovation and Change
17. +
1-17
Diversity Implications
“Managers have to shift their
philosophy from treating
everyone alike to recognizing
differences and responding to
those differences in ways that
ensure employee retention
and greater productivity while,
at the same time, not
discriminating.”
18. +
1-18
OB Offers Insights Into:
Improving quality and productivity
Customer service and building a customer-
responsive culture
Developing people skills
19. +
1-19
OB Aids in Dealing With:
Stimulating Innovation and Change
Increasing “temporariness” in the
workplace
Helping employees balance work-life
conflicts
Improving ethical behavior
20. +
1-20
Thinking Positive
Creating a positive work environment can be a competitive advantage
Positive Organizational Scholarship (Positive OB):
Examines how organizations develop human strengths, foster vitality and
resilience, and unlock potential.
Focus is on employee strengths, not their weaknesses.
21. +
1-21
Implications for Managers
OB helps with:
Insights to improve people skills
Valuing of workforce diversity
Empowering people and creating a
positive work environment
Dealing with labor shortages
Coping in a world of temporariness
Creating an ethically healthy work
environment
22. +
1-22
Keep in Mind…
OB’s goal is to understand and predict human behavior in
organizations.
Fundamental consistencies underlie behavior.
It is more important than ever to learn OB concepts.
Both managers and employees must learn to cope with temporariness.
25. +
Improving Quality & Productivity
Quality
Management
• Focus on customer
• Continuous improvement
• Quality of improvement
in everything
• Accurate measurements
• Empowerment of
employees
Process
Reengineering
31. +
Change and Innovation
Change – a frequent happening in
modern world
Preparation for
change
Adaptability
Creative/novel
solutions
32. +
Work / Life Conflicts
Balance between work and life
24x7 concept
Working hours (banks &
restaurants)
Dual career families
Flexi time
Resources – work
from home