detailed info on civilisation

1. EGYPTION CIVILISATION
Made By –
Abhiniti Garg
Kavita Kumari
Sneha Subbramaniam

2. TOPICS –
 Overview of Egypt
 Nile
 Location of Egypt
 Religious beliefs of Egypt
 Burial Customs of Egypt
 Egyptian Art
 Egyptian Architecture
 Egyptian Technology

3. OVERVIEW
 Egyptian civilization in northeastern Africa
dates from the 4th millennium BC, has many
achievements preserved in its art and
monuments, that hold a fascination for
archaeologists to expose its secrets.
 It is one of the earliest civilization in world
history.

4. NAME DYNASTY YEARS
Archaic Period 1-2 3100-2700 B.C.
Old Kingdom 3-6 2700-2200 B.C.
Intermediate Period 7-10 2200-2050 B.C.
Middle Kingdom 11-12 2050-1800 B.C.
Intermediate Period 13-17 1800-1570 B.C.
New Kingdom 18-20 1570-1085 B.C.
Post Empire 21-31 1085-332 B.C.

5. NILE
 The Nile river rises the lakes of central Africa
as the White Nile and from the mountains of
Ethiopia as the Blue Nile.
 The white and blue Nile meet at Khartoum
and flow together northward to the Nile delta,
where the 4000 mile course of this river spills
into the Mediterranean Sea.
 It flows from south to north.

6. LOCATION
 Egypt is situated in the Nile valley, in the
north east of Africa.
 Its origins lay in several chiefdoms in upper
Egypt, at Abydos and Hierakanpolis, who
then spread northwards towards Memphis
and the Mediterranean.

7. RELIGIOUS BELIEFS
 Beliefs in the divine and in the afterlife were
ingrained in ancient Egyptian civilization from
its inception.
 The Egyptian pantheon was populated by
gods who had supernatural powers and were
called on for help or protection.
 Egyptians believed that the gods had to be
appeased with offerings and prayers.

8.  The Egyptians also believed that every
human being was composed of physical and
spiritual parts.
 In addition to the body, each person had a
shadow, a soul, a life-force and a name.
 The heart, rather than the brain, was
considered the seat of thoughts and
emotions.

9. BURIAL CUSTOMS
 Ancient Egyptians maintained an elaborate set
of burial customs that they believed were
necessary to ensure immortality after death.
 These customs involved preserving the body by
mummification, performing burial ceremonies,
were designed to assist the deceased find their
way in the afterlife.
 The tombs were filled with food, tools, domestic
wares, treasures – all the necessities of life – to
ensure the soul’s return to the body so that the
deceased would live happily ever after.

10. ART
 The iconic Egyptian 2D style is found in
tombs, temples and statues.
 Egyptian statues were carved from stone and
rock, or wood as a cheap alternative, with
paint obtained from mineral ores quarried
from surrounding areas.
 The wall paintings in tombs often depict lively
scenes of everyday life, bringing this ancient
civilization vividly to life.

11. ARCHITECTURE
 The ancient Egyptians built some of the
most-awe inspiring structures the world has
ever seen, such as the Pyramids of Giza.
 The average Egyptians lived in a simple
mud, wood or brick abode, with the elite
having elaborate palaces, rich in art.

12. TECHNOLOGY
 Mathematics
 Medicine
 Ship Building

13. MATHEMATICS
 The ancient Egyptians developed high levels
of mathematics to enable them to build their
pyramids and temples with remarkably
simple tools.
 Their mathematics seems to have been of a
more practical nature than that of the
Mesopotamians.

14. MEDICINE
 Ancient Egyptian doctors could stitch up
wounds, repair broken bones and amputate
infected limbs.
 Cuts were bandaged by raw meat, linen, and
sawbs soaked with honey.
 Opium was also used as a painkiller. Onions
and garlic were used as health foods in the
diet.

15. SHIP BUILDING
 As early as 3000 BC an Egyptian ship of
75ft in length had been built.
 Planks of wood were originally held together
by straps with reeds or grass pushed in to
seal the gaps.
 Despite having ships to sail, they were not
renowned as great sailors.

16. TOPICS COVERED
 Overview of Egypt
 Nile
 Location of Egypt
 Religious beliefs of Egypt
 Burial Customs of Egypt
 Egyptian Art
 Egyptian Architecture
 Egyptian Technology

17. THANKYOU