SOLAR-BIOGAS HYBRID POWER GENERATION SYSTEM

1. SOLAR-BIOGAS HYBRID POWER
GENERATION SYSTEM
ANU . A . N
S7 . E
ROLL NO : 101

2. Contents
1.Introduction
2.Purpose
3.Solar power system
4.Working
5.Biogas plant
6.Types
7.Conversion of biogas into electricity
8.Hybrid system
9. Future scope
10.Conclusion
11.Refernces.
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3. Introduction
 Hybrid – term describes a combined power and energy storage
system.
 A hybrid energy system usually consist of two or more renewable
energy sources combined together to provide better efficiency.
 Solar technology combines with biogas technology to form a hybrid
system.
 It has a huge positive impact on the power sector of country.
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4. Purpose
 Consumers are not provided with proper supply
 Inadequate power generation
 High dependency on natural gas
 Over population
 Limited use of renewable energy sources
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5. Solar Power System
o Solar panels
o Charge controller
o Battery system
o Inverter
Fig 1. Simple PV cell
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6. Working
 Solar panels are the power source for all photovoltaic(PV)
installation.
 A charge controller prevents overcharging and may protect
against overvoltage, which can reduce battery
performance or lifespan.
 A battery system is used for storing output power.
 An inverter converts dc power to ac . It has inbuilt protection against
short circuit, overheating .etc.
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7. Principle
 Photovoltaic means “electricity from light”.
 They are solid state semiconductor device.
 Produces electricity when exposed to light.
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8. Cont.8
 Metal surface is exposed to sunlight
 Electrons in the valence
band absorbs energy and
jump to the conduction
band and becomes free.
 The movement of this
free electrons causes
the flow of current.
Fig 2.Working principle of PV cell.

9. Cont.9

10. What is BIOGAS?
 Gaseous mixture of methane,CO2,H2S and several other gases
formed by the biological breakdown of organic matter.
 Process takes place in an oxygen deficient environment.
 It is counted as an eco-friendly bio-fuel.
 Biogas contains 60% of methane and carbon dioxide.
 It can be used as a substitute for LPG and CNG.
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11. TYPES
There are mainly two types:
 Fixed dome type biogas plant
 Floating gas holder type of biogas plant.
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12. Fixed dome type biogas
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 Biomass is mixed with equal quantity of water and forms slurry.
 Slurry is fed to the digester through inlet tank.
 When digester is partially filled, tank is left untouched for two months.
 Anaerobic fermentation takes place.
 As a result biogas starts collecting in
the dome.
 Spent slurry is collected from outlet
tank and used as manure.
 Biogas is collected through gas control
valve as per the requirement.
Fig 3 Fixed dome type

13. Floating gas holder
 Biomass is mixed with equal quantity of water.
 Slurry fed to inlet chamber using inlet pipe.
 Plant left unused for two months
 Anaerobic fermentation takes place and produces biogas.
 Biogas being lighter rises up and
starts collecting in the gas holder.
 Gas valve of the gas holder is
opened to get the biogas.
Fig 4.Floating gas holder type
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14. Conversion of biogas into electricity
Fig 5.Conversion of biogas into electricity
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15. Cont.
 Biogas produced is used as a fuel in the combustion engine.
 Fuel is converted into mechanical energy which drives a generator.
 Generator produces electricity.
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16. Hybrid System16
Fig 5.Diagram of a hybrid system

17. Working
 It is a combination of solar and biogas power generation.
 Solar cells convert solar energy into electrical energy.
 A voltage regulator regulates the output power and store in the DC
control unit.
 Biogas fuel is converted into electrical energy by means of a
generator.
 A rectifier converts ac to dc.
 The output is regulated by a voltage regulator and stored in the DC
control unit.
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18. Cont.
 DC output can be obtained directly.
 Output may be stored in the day time in the battery bank.
 AC output can be obtained by using a inverter.
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19. Advantages
 Efficient use of renewable resources.
 Non polluting.
 Economical.
 Provides nutrient rich manure for plants.
 Continuous power supply.
 Controls pollution by the disposal of waste.
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20. Disadvantages
 High initial cost
 Requires large area
 Difficulty in proper disposal waste of biogas plant.
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21. Future scope
 Conversion of biogas into electricity using fuel cells.
 Technical knowledge of digestion, electric power generation process and
good management is required for profitable operation
Many researches are still going on to reduce following drawbacks:
 High initial cost.
 Methane forming bacteria is sensitive to thermal variation.
.
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22. Conclusion
 Power generation using renewable energy sources.
 Provides stable power source.
 Healthy environment.
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23. References
 Kanwardeep Singh, ”Study of solar/biogas hybrid power
generation”, Thapar University,Patiyala,2010.
 Alliance for Rural Electrification(ARE),”Hybrid power systems
based on renewable energies”.
 "Energy Sources: Solar". Department of Energy. Retrieved 19
April 2011.
 International Energy Agency (2014). "Technology Roadmap: Solar
Photovoltaic Energy" (PDF). http://www.iea.org.
IEA. Archived from the original on 7 October 2014. Retrieved 7
October 2014
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24. QUESTIONS ????
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