Social issues in Pakistan include illiteracy, poverty, water scarcity, terrorism, poor healthcare, unemployment, child labor, population growth, injustice, and drug abuse. Illiteracy affects over 40% of Pakistanis and is caused by factors like poverty, lack of schools, and low education budgets. Poverty in Pakistan affects over 24% of the population and has consequences such as increased disease, low birth weights, family stress, and homelessness. Water scarcity is a major problem due to increasing population, wasteful agricultural practices, and climate change. Injustice prevails in Pakistan through economic and social discrimination. Drug abuse is also a significant issue, with millions of Pakistanis using substances like cannabis and prescription drugs due

1. Social Issues Of Pakistan
Presented by: Zeeshan Khan
Anas Jahangir
Muhammad Abubakar
Ahtisham Abid

2. A social issue or problem is an issue that has been recognized by society as a problem that
is preventing society from functioning at an optimal level. It is important to understand that
not all things that occur in society are raised to the level of social problems. Four factors
have been outlined that seem to characterize a social issue or problem. These include:
 The public must recognize the situation as a problem.
 The situation is against the general values accepted by the society.
 A large segment of the population recognizes the problem as a valid concern.
 The problem can be rectified or alleviated through the joint action of citizens and/or
community resources.
Social issue

3. Social Issues Of Pakistan
social problems of Pakistan are:
• Illiteracy
• Poverty
• Water Scarcity
• Terrorism
• Poor health facilities
• Unemployment
• Child labor
• Population growth
• Injustice
• Drug abuse
• Discourage the rules of law from government representatives Etc..

4. Illiteracy(inability to read or write)
o Illiteracy is a major problem in any developing country. The majority of the
population in Pakistan is still illiterate which is hampering progress.
o The problem of illiteracy affects all the nation rich or poor.
o The majority of illiterate peoples live in a poor or undeveloped country.
o The literacy rate in Pakistan is 60%. It means that 40% people are illiterate.
o Placed at 157th position.(world literacy rate ranking)
o Less than 47% of women being literate and more than 71% of men
o Literacy rate of women is lower than men

5. Causes of illiteracy:
o Poverty
o Learning disabilities
o Lacks of schools in rural areas
o Poor education system
o Corruption
o Unemployment
o Low budged of education
o Regional disparity
o dominant society
o Gap between lower and upper class
o Non-seriousness of the government towards education

6. Effects of illiteracy:
o Illiteracy rates increase drug and alcohol abuse in society.
o Illiteracy decreases the rate of technological advancement in society.
o Illiterate people may not vote.
o Increased illiteracy rates have the ability to diminish society.
o Illiteracy links to poor health.
o Illiteracy contributes to high unemployment rates in a society.
o Illiteracy rates increase poverty in society.
o Illiteracy increases incarceration rates in society.

7. Solutions:
o Increase number of primary schools in rural areas.
o Betterment in schools’ infrastructure.
o Free and compulsory education
o Encouragement of private sector
o Special emphasis on female education
o Encouragement of intelligent students and diligent teachers
o Effective promotion of distance education
o Social campaign against illiteracy
o Budget for education should be increased
o Schools should be provided in every village of Pakistan

8. Cont….
o Available schools should be utilized for education only
o Education should be free for all up to University
o Education should be compulsory for all up to 12th Standard.
o Salaries of teachers should be increased so that people can join this profession
easily.

9. Poverty:
o Poverty is defined as “a state or condition in which a person or community lacks
the financial resources and essentials to enjoy a minimum standard of life and well-
being that's considered acceptable in society”., that can be extended to include
access to health care, education and even transportation
o In Pakistan, 24.3% of the population lives below the national poverty line in 2015.
o In Pakistan, the proportion of employed population below $1.90 purchasing power
parity a day in 2019 is 1.3%.
o For every 1,000 babies born in Pakistan in 2019, 67 die before their 5th birthday.

10. Causes of Poverty:
o Government Policies
o Education
o Overpopulation
o Unemployment
o Judiciary System
o Poor governance
o Corruption
o Division of Agricultural Land
o Materialism
o Large Scale Import
o Law and Order
o Privatization
o Political Instability

11. Effects of Poverty:
o Diseases are more widely spread because poor people cannot afford hygienic
foods and pure drinking water which is much expensive.
o Many infants born into poverty have a low birth weight, which is associated with
many preventable mental and physical disabilities. Not only are these poor infants
more likely to be irritable or sickly, they are also more likely to die before their first
birthday.
o Poor families experience much more stress than middle-class families. Besides
financial uncertainty, these families are more likely to be exposed to series of
negative events and “bad luck,” including illness, depression, eviction, job loss,
criminal victimization, and family death. Effects of poverty in Pakistan

12. Cont….
Effects of Poverty:
o Homelessness, or extreme poverty, carries with it a particularly strong set of risks
for families, especially children. Homeless children are less likely to receive proper
nutrition and immunization. They experience more health problems. Homeless
women experience higher rates of low-birth-weight babies, miscarriages, and
infant mortality, probably due to not having access to adequate prenatal care for
their babies. Homeless families experience even greater life stress than other
families, including increased, family relationships, and friendships. Effects of
poverty in Pakistan

13. Solutions:
o Promote industrialization
o Replacement of the traditional agricultural
o equipment with new scientific equipments in order to increase the yield.
o Establishment of justice and equality
o Equal distribution of resources
o Merit should be the upshot strategy in all walks of life
o Elimination of discriminatory policies
o Controlling of inflation and other economic indicators and regulators.
o Developing investment friendly environment
o Giving more feasibilities and concessions to the foreign investors

14. Cont….
Solutions:
o Dumping extremism and feudalism
o Establishing more and more technical institute in order to get people well skilled.
o Prevalence of education
o Provision of job opportunities
o Division of agricultural lands.

15. Water Scarcity :
o Water scarcity is the shortage of water face by many countries.
o Water Scarcity is the biggest problem faced by Pakistan since many years.
o According to IMF report a couple of years back ranks Pakistan third among
36 countries that are water-stressed.

16. Causes :
There are several factors that have contributed to the water crisis in Pakistan
o Population Increase: Due to the day by day in increase in the population of
Pakistan more water is consumed.
o Agriculture: The growth of agriculture is highly dependent on water. The country
grows rice, wheat and sugarcane so crops like these are responsible for 95 % of
water usage.
o Mismanagement and wastage of water: The poor management of Pakistan is
causing the water waste. People are wasting too much water which is also one of
reason for issue.
o Condition of Reservoirs: The water in the two major reservoirs f Pakistan are very
low their conditions are worse.
o Climate Change: One of the reasons that Pakistan will face an increase in water
demand could be because of climate change as the change in climate causes the
water ton evaporate faster due to which the crops could not get water.

17. Effects of Water Scarcity:
o Due to water crisis almost 30 million people have no access to clean water.
o If Pakistan didn’t resolve the issue of water then Pakistan will be the most water-
stressed country in the South Asia within two decades.
o People specially in the big cities will face severe shortage of water
o Many people are dying because of lack of water and most of the don not have
drinking water.
o There are also many effects of water like:
lack of irrigation, warfare, agricultural problems, drying of rivers, etc.

18. Solutions:
We should follow these steps for the resolution of water scarcity:
o Construction of new reservoirs
o We should start more funding toward ending the water crisis
o We should spread awareness messages to people about the causes and
effects of water crisis so they can help in controlling water issue.
o We should use advance technologies for water recycling, conservation
and consumption.
o We should control over pumping of underground water and over
irrigation practices.
o We should adopt methods of irrigation like sprinkler, Basin and Drip
irrigation for efficient use of water.

19. Injustice in Pakistan
o Social injustice’ is a concept relating to the perceived unfairness or injustice of a
society in its divisions of rewards and burdens.
o Injustice with human beings refers to social injustice. The concept of social
injustice is related to perceived unfairness or injustice of a society in terms of
rewards and burdens.
o Our nation is Islamic nation, which talks about justice, but unfortunately, our
country Pakistan is among those countries where social injustice prevails at every
level of the society and most of the people are unaware of justice.
o In context to Pakistan, social injustice is a prevalent feature. Citizens of Pakistan
are unaware of social justice concept and its effects on society. Pakistan’s civil and
military rulers and elite class have been plundering this country since
independence.
o Today, Pakistan is standing at the brink of collapse where there is a notion
developing among the common Pakistanis that the country might vanish from
the map of the world if reviving measures would not take before time.

20. Causes of Injustice
o Economic Injustice
o Racism
o Discrimination
o Population Growth
o Corruption in Politics
o Lack Of Education
o To Recruit the Disqualified or Dis-Honest persons into a judge or Advocate.

21. Effects of Injustice
o A defining feature of Pakistan’s economy and society is the inequality of income
and productive assets. The resultant inequality of opportunity is a yet
unrecognized form of injustice.
o The injustice or inequality weakens the state, as it becomes the basis of
grievances that fuel militant extremism, sectarian violence and inter provincial
tensions.
o The Injustice overcomes the Trust on the State & it promotes the Extremism and
Terrorism that would be Harmful & Alarming situation for the country.
o Injustice promotes a lack of fairness or equity.
o Social injustice creates conditions that adversely affect the health of individuals
and communities.

22. Solutions of Injustice
o Eliminate the hunger and poverty from the Country.
o Educate yourself about Social Justice Issues.
o Promote gender equality.
o Fight for employment rights.
o Support diversity in the workplace.
o Volunteer your time.
o Promotes Social Awareness Programs on TV Shows About the importance of
Social Justice.

23. Drugs Abuse in Pakistan
o Drug addiction is defined as compulsive and out-of-control drug use, despite
negative consequences.
o In the last few decades, drug addiction has increased exponentially in Pakistan.
Most of the illegal drugs come from the neighboring Afghanistan.
o According to the UN estimate, few million people in the country are drug
users. Cannabis is the most used drug. The rate of injection drug abuse has also
increased significantly in Pakistan, sparking fears of an HIV epidemic.
o As per 2013 report on drugs by the United Nations Office on Drugs and
Crime (UNODC), almost 6.7 million people are taking drugs in Pakistan. The
report also revealed that people from age 15 to 64 use prescription drugs for
non-medical purposes.
o Although, the increase in the problem has been alarming, the government
response has been minimal at best. Few programs are active in the country to
help drug addicts and smuggling and availability of the drugs in the country has
gone almost unchecked.

24. Causes of Drugs Abuse
o Unemployment and illiteracy were the main causes of drug addiction and majority
of addicts were employed in odd profession like small trade and private drivers.
o Although, the increase in the problem has been alarming, the government
response has been minimal at best. Few programs are active in the country to
help drug addicts and smuggling and availability of the drugs in the country has
gone almost unchecked.
o The weakened of LAW & Enforcement also cause the increase in Drugs Abuse.
o Lack of social Awareness about Drugs Abuse.
o Lack of Education about Drugs Addiction & their Abuse.

25. Effects of Drugs Abuse
o It harms to organs and systems in your body, such as your throat, stomach, lungs,
liver, pancreas, heart, brain, nervous system.
o Cancer (such as lung cancer from inhaling drugs).
o Stimulants speed or 'stimulate' the central nervous system. This can cause
increased heart rate, blood pressure and body temperature & reduced appetite.
o Drugs Abuse makes the mind totally out of sense, which promotes Extremism &
Terrorism on the society.
o Family reaction to drug Abuse includes denial, blaming, suppressed anger,
depression, bargaining, preoccupation, change of personality, and codependency.

26. Solutions of Drugs Abuse
o Understand how Drugs abuse develops.
o A stable family atmosphere (family time together, family rituals).
o Love and affectionate as the child grows.
o Improve LAW & Enforcement to Overcome Drugs Abuse.
o Overcome Poverty & Unemployment.
o Social Awareness about Drugs Abuse & their bad effects.

27. ANY QUESTIONS?