3 Months of Internship at BSES Rajdhani Power Limited

1. INDUSTRIAL TRAINING AT
BSES RAJDHANI, DELHI
ANUJ GUPTA
2K14-MRCE-ME(II)-09

2. BSES RAJDHANI POWER LIMITED
BSES Rajdhani Power Limited (BRPL), a joint venture between
BSES Limited and the government of NCT of Delhi had
taken over the distribution of electric power in the area of
South & West Delhi from Delhi Vidyut Board (DVB) on July
2002.
BRPL have invested about 1836 crores from 2002-03 to
2006-07 for infrastructural development to bring down the
losses and provide quality supply to the consumers. BRPL
have a plan for electrification of unauthorized colonies and
JJ cluster during 2007-08 to 2010-11. About 283000
colonies and JJ cluster will be covered in this program.

3. SUBSTATION
SUBSTATION - A station in the power transmission
system at which electric power is transformed to a
conveniently used form. The station may consist of
transformers, switches, circuit breakers and other
auxiliary equipment. Its main function is to receive
energy transmitted at high voltage from the
generating station, by either step-up or step-down
the voltage to a value appropriate for local use
and provide facilities for switching. Substations
have some additional functions.

4. ELECTRICAL POWER DISTRIBUTION FROM GENERATING PLANTS
TO CONSUMERS.

5. CLASSIFICATION OF SUBSTATIONS
CLASSIFICATION ON THE BASIS OF FUNCTION:
(1)Transformer substation: In this type of substation, electrical power is received at
one voltage and it is converted to the required voltage.
(2)Industrial substation: In this type of substation, power required for big industrial
estates is received from this substation.
(3)Switching substation: In such substation, voltage is not changed but switching
operation of power line is carried out.
(4)Frequency changer substation: In this type of substation, the power frequency is
changed. For A.C Traction, frequency is converted to 25Hz from 50Hz.

7. 66/11KV OR 33/11KV DISTRIBUTION SUBSTATION:
66KV/11KV distribution substation:
• One 66KV line comes to the 66KV bus bars.
• From the same bus bars, outgoing line is taken which goes to the other substation.
• 66KV PT is connected to the 66KV bus bar through isolator.
• A 66 KV/33KV, star delta transformer is connected to the 66KV bus bars.
• Secondary winding is connected to 33KV tubular bus bars. Circuit breakers and isolators are connected on each side of
transformer.
• Substation gets 440KV supply through 33KV/440KV station transformer connected to 33KV bus bars.
• 33KV feeders are taken out from 33KV bus bars through isolators and circuit breakers.
• Two transformers each of 66KV/11KV,10MVA are connected to 66KV strain bus bars through isolators and circuit
breakers.
• 11KV is taken to the control room through underground cable.
• Number of 11KV feeders taken out from 11KV bus bars through isolators and circuit breakers

8. TYPICAL COMPONENTS OF A POWER PLANT
SUBSTATION (SWITCHYARD)
• CONNECT
• CONNECT & DIS-CONNECT
• CONNECT, DIS-CONNECT & DETECT
• DETECT & TRANSFORM
• DETECT & TRANSFORM
• PROTECT & SAFETY
• PROTECT

10. BUS BARS
Bus Bar is an over head parallel connections we use for a main bar or conductor carrying
an electric current to which many connections are connected.
Types : Single Bus Bar
 Double Bus Bar
 Ring Bus Bar
CIRCUIT BREAKER
They can be classified into:
• Oil circuit breaker
• Sulphur hexafluoride circuit breaker (SF6)
• Vacuum circuit breakers

11. A high-voltage circuit breaker in which the arc is drawn in oil to dissipate the heat and extinguish the arc; the
intense heat of the arc decomposes the oil, generating a gas whose high pressure produces a flow of fresh fluid
through the arc that furnishes the necessary insulation to prevent a restrike of the arc.
• Oil circuit breaker
Sulphur hexafluoride (SF6) gas is used as the arc quenching medium. The SF6 is an electronegative gas
and has a strong tendency to absorb free electrons. The SF6 circuit breaker have been found to a very
effective for high power and high voltage service.
• Sulphur hexafluoride circuit breaker (SF6)
• Vacuum circuit breakers
Vacuum circuit breakers are circuit breakers which are used to protect medium and high voltage circuits from
dangerous electrical situations. Like other types of circuit breakers, vacuum circuit breakers literally break the
circuit so that energy cannot continue flowing through it, thereby preventing fires, power surges, and other
problems which may emerge.

12. CURRENT TRANSFORMER
Current transformer are used for installation and maintaince of current relay in sub-
station for protection purpose which have normally low current rating.
A Current Transformer is also called as INSTRUMENT TRANSFORMER.
VOLTAGE TRANSFORMER
Voltage transformer are used with volt-meters, watt meters, watthour meters, power-factor
meters, frequency meters, synchro-scopes and synchronizing apparatus, protective and
regulating relays and the no-voltage and over-voltage trip coils of automatic circuit breakers.

13. Whenever lighting surge occur, then a high voltage passes through electrical
equipments which might cause damage to them.
Such devices are used to provide the necessary path to ground for such surges, yet
prevent any power current from following the surge.
SURGE ARRESTORS
Earth Switching is the process of completing a circuit path, thereby reducing the voltage
difference between the equipment and its surroundings.
EARTH SWITCHING

15. MISCELLANEOUS EQUIPMENTS
CAPICATOR BANK
Capacitor Bank is a set of many identical
capacitor connected in series or parallel enclosed
and is used for POWER FACTOR CORRECTION.

16. FUSE
A fuse is a short piece of wire or thin
strip which melts when excessive current
through it for sufficient time. It is
inserted in series with the circuit under
normal operating conditions.

17. RELAY
RELAY are used for disconnecting the circuit by
manual or automatic operation.
Relay consist of a coil which is excited or energized,
such that the contacts of relay are closed, which
breaks the connection with connected equipment.

18. LAJPAT NAGAR SUBSTATION
IN-HOUSE SUBSTATION
NO. OF TRANSFORMERS : 2 OF 25MVA EACH
SUPPLY MODE : UNDERGROUND SUPPLY
TYPE OF BREAKER USED : SF6 & VACCUM CIRCUIT
BREAKER
NO. OF CAPACITOR BANKS : 2 OF 5.4MVAR

19. KILOKARI SUBSTATION
OPEN-HOUSE SUBSTATION
NO. OF TRANSFORMERS : 2 - 25MVA & 16MVA
SUPPLY MODE : UNDERGROUND SUPPLY
OVER-HEAD SUPPLY
TYPE OF BREAKER USED : VACCUM CIRCUIT
BREAKER
NO. OF CAPACITOR BANKS : 3
5.4 MVAR
5.4 MVAR
10 MVAR

20. JAMIA SUBSTATION
OPEN-HOUSE SUBSTATION
NO. OF TRANSFORMERS : 3 OF 16MVA EACH
SUPPLY MODE : UNDERGROUND SUPPLY
TYPE OF BREAKER USED : VACCUM CIRCUIT
BREAKER
NO. OF CAPACITOR BANKS : 2
5.4 MVAR
7.2 MVAR

21. SARAI JULLENA SUBSTATION
OPEN-HOUSE SUBSTATION
NO. OF TRANSFORMERS : 3 OF 25MVA EACH
SUPPLY MODE : UNDER-GROUND SUPPLY
OPEN-HEAD SUPPLY
TYPE OF BREAKER USED : VACCUM CIRCUIT
BREAKER
NO. OF CAPACITOR BANKS : 2
7.2 MVAR
7.2 MVAR

23. THANK YOU