1. HOUSING
DRAINAGE
SANITATION
WATER SUPPLY
URBAN SERVICES DARIBA KALAN
Apurva Sinkar
Anushkriti
Barkha Sharma
Debasish Mohapatra
Disha Khanna
Simran Purswani

2. 2
CONTENTS
1. HISTORYOFCHANDNICHOWK
2. DEMOGRAPHICSOFCHANDNICHOWK
3. TIMELINEOFPLANNINGAUTHORITIES
4. AIM ANDOBJECTIVE
5. SCOPEANDLIMITATIONS
6. METHODOLOGY
7. LITERATURESTUDY
8. CASESTUDY
9. STUDYAREA
10. ANALYSISOFISSUESANDINFERENCES
11. RECOMMENDATIONS
12. REFERENCES

3. 3
The site was preferred because
it was on a high land with natural
resources available nearby.
The construction of Red Fort
began in 1639.
From 1644 to 1658 Jama
Masjid was built.
(Source : Delhi Urban
Arts Commission)
Chandni Chowk was a tree-lined
avenue with shops, residences etc.
Next developed the commercial
streets like Dariba Kalan(gold,
silver) and Kinari Bazaar .
By 1857 the city had grown into
a self-sufficient urban hub of
culture. HISTORY
BUILDINGSHAHJAHANABAD–THE WALLED CITY

4. 4
• Built in the 17th century for a population of 60,000 people, covering
an area of approximately 7.12 square km(569 hectare)
• It had a dense organic street pattern
• Planned in a way such that different identified areas had specific
use
• The original layout changed with the onset of the British Raj
• Even though the walled city underwent numerous changes
between 1857 and 1947,the essence of the city remained intact.
• The residences were characterized by havelis.
• Later these were converted into localities, mechants took the
ground floor for shops and converted first floors to residences.
Residential
Commercial
Public/Semi-Public
Others
Park/Playgrounds
Roads and Streets
LAND-USE
31.8 %
11.7 %
23.1 %
17 %
7.5 %
8.9 %
ORIGINALLAYOUTANDLANDUSE CHARACTERSTIC
(Source : Survey of India) HISTORY

5. • Chandni Chowk was the
dominant axis of the Walled
City, it ran through the middle of
the walled city, from the Lahori
Gate of the Red Fort to Fatehpuri
Masjid
• The original Chandni Chowk
had octagonal chowks with a
water channel running through
the centre. Its wide boulevard
with prestigious buildings and
bazar created a vista between
the magnificent Red Fort and
Fatehpuri Mosque.
• Over the years there has been
massive degradation and
deterioration of this magnificent
boulevard, which has been
mainly caused by over
crowding, huge numbers of
vendors, markets and trader,
unauthorised construction and
lack of control over all. (Source : http://www.tripmyways.com)
CHANDNICHOWK
5HISTORY

6. 6
• The Walled City, that was originally planned for a population of approximately 60,000,
recorded the highest population of 4.2 lakh in 1961, which has been decreasing consistently
ever since.
• It went down to 3.50 lakh in 1991 and 2.35 lakh in 2001.
• The majority started moving away from the core. The population has been declining mainly
due to inroads of commercial activities, and deteriorating living conditions where even basic
social and physical infrastructure is lacking.
DEMOGRAPHICS

7. 7
• Near Paranthe Wali Gali, is the 17th century market of Dariba Kalan. The name of the market
means the ‘street of the incomparable pearl’. During Mughal emperor Shah Jahan’s time,
Dariba Kalan used to be lined with shops that sold all kinds of trinkets and precious stones.
Today, it’s mostly known for beautiful silver jewellery priced much more affordably than you’d
normally find in other Delhi markets.
• Dariba Kalan — Chandni Chowk’s silver street — has been around since the time of the
Mughals, adjacent to the equally ancient Kinari Bazaar, a market specialising in decorative
borders for clothing.
DARIBA KALAN

8. 8
1863 1892 1895 1901 1937 1962 1999
First
Municipal
Committee
for Delhi
was
constituted.
Waterworks at
Chandrawal Plant
opened. Chandni
Chowk gets piped
waterline.
Construction of
sewer line in
Chandni Chowk
began.
Shajahanabad
got electric
lighting.
Delhi
Improvement
Trust setup.
Master Plan of
Delhi notified.
It suggested
shifting 45 %
population so
as to
decongest Old
Delhi.
Zonal
Development
Plan was notified
for Zone A-The
Walled City
TRACINGHISTORYTHROUGHPLANNINGAUTHORITIES,MASTERPLANSANDZONALTIMELINES
TIMELINE

9. 9
2001 2011 2021 2021
MPD-2001 proposes urban
renewal of 2600 ha of old
built up area, identifying it as
‘Special Area’ which has been
divided into 4 Urban Renewal
Areas namely
(i) Walled City
(ii) Karol Bagh
(iii) Other Urban Renewal Areas
(iv) Specific use zone areas
The following strategies were
proposed:
i)Upgradation of social and
physical infrastructure.
ii)Revitalisation of residential
area.
The FAR allowed in the Special
Area for reconstruction is as per
plotted regulations, which is
generally much less than
existing.
It recognized Dariba Kalan as
Mixed use street.
ZONAL DEVELOPMENT PLAN
• Delimitation of non-
residential activity -
to check the increasing
commercialization
and industrial units which
are noxious and hazardous
to be closed down.
• Control for building /
buildings within the use
premises
• Maximum ground coverage
and FAR may be same as
for residential plot in plotted
development unless
specified in special area
regulations
• Urban design schemes to
be prepared for chowks
including Dariba Kalan
Shajahanabad
Redevelopment
Corporation was setup.
Its main objectives
were:
• To improve civic
amenities in the
Walled City.
• To promote re-use of
old buildings for safe
and appropriate
purposes.
• To formulate
development plans
and ensure proper
implementation.
• Enhance community
involvement
MBD 2021 recognized
Old City as a ‘Special
Area'. Its strategies
were:
• Surrender area under
public facilities to be
used under tradable
F.A.R.
• The street pattern to
be reconstructed
keeping it in link with
metro station.
• DDA to formulate
‘Special Area
Building Regulations’
• Recognized Dariba
Kalan as
Commercial Street.
TIMELINE

10. AIM
• To study the existing scenario of housing, its dialogue with
commercial establishments and to identify the issues
corresponding to the same.
• To understand the existing water supply mechanism of the area
and how the issues related to it affect the populace.
• To identify the existing drainage patterns in the area and to
study the effect of problems related to it on the overall living
conditions.
• To investigate the availability and condition of existing
sanitation and sewerage infrastructure and to assess its
implications on the sanitary conditions in the area.
10
OBJECTIVES
• To assess the overall livability in Dariba Kalan lane of Old Delhi
in terms of housing infrastructure and the gap between the
availability and requirement of services related to drainage,
sanitation and water supply .
PROCESSES

11. SCOPE
• The study is limited up to a specific depth abutting the lane due
to time constraint.
• The analysis depends heavily on the responses from the
stakeholders; with or without biases.
• The analysis will be based on survey through a limited sample size
due to resource and time constraint.
• Limited availability of services related secondary data for Dariba.
• Dependency on Town Hall for plans relating to the existing layout
of services.
11
LIMITATIONS
• A 350 metre long stretch of the Dariba Kalan lane extending upto
30 metres on both sides and a central area of 50 metre radial
boundary from the entry point to Kinari Bazaar lane has been
identified as the physical scope for the purpose of this study .
PROCESSES

12. 12
Secondary Data-Overall Background Study
Secondary Data- Theme specific Literature and Case
Studies.(News-paper articles/Journals etc.)
Preliminary Field Visit: study of existing scenario and identification of issues
Inter-linking of issues between the four themes of study.
Identification of Aims and Objectives, Definition of physical scope and limitations.
Formulation of Questionnaire based on
understanding from primary and secondary data.
Pilot Survey
Detailed Survey
Inference and Analysis
stakeholders targeted
• Residents
• Shopkeepers
• Commuters/visitors
• Town Hall officialsanalysis of gap between the existing and
required infrastructure for housing, drainage,
sanitation and water supply in the following
cases:-
• Present
• In 2021 if Dariba Kalan is entirely a
commercial street
• In 2021 if the residential housing is
revitalized in Dariba Kalan. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

13. 13SURVEY METHODOLOGY
STAKEHOLDER RESIDENT SHOPKEEPER COMMUTER
HOUSING/ BUILT
STRUCTURE
•Ownership and rental pattern
•Obsolescence factor
(building age)
•Opinion on challenges faced
•Hygiene and living conditions
•Land use pattern
•Ownership and rental pattern
•Obsolescence factor
(building age)
•Opinion on challenges faced
•Sanitary conditions
•Legal status as per land use
•Frequency of visiting the
street based on the overall
user convenience and
appeal
WATER SUPPLY
(WS)
•Coverage of WS connections
•Extent of metering of connection
•Continuity of WS
•Alternate sources of WS
•Efficiency of complaint redressal
•Quality of water supplied
•Coverage of WS connections
•Extent of metering of connection
•Continuity of WS
•Alternate sources of WS
•Efficiency of complaint redressal
•Quality of water supplied
• Number of public
drinking water facilities
•Quality of water supplied
•Alternate sources of WS
•Willingness to use Water
ATMs

14. 14
STAKEHOLDER RESIDENT SHOPKEEPER COMMUTER
STORM WATER
DRAINAGE
•Coverage of storm water
drainage network
•Incidence of water
logging/flooding
•Frequency of incidence of
related diseases
•Efficiency of complaint redressal
•Coverage of storm water
drainage network
•Incidence of water
logging/flooding
•Frequency of incidence of
related diseases
•Efficiency of complaint redressal
•Incidence of water
logging/flooding
SEWERAGE AND
SANITATION
•Coverage of wastewater
network service
•Wastewater treatment
mechanism
•Efficiency of complaint redressal
•Coverage and maintenance of
toilets
•Coverage of wastewater
network service
•Wastewater treatment
mechanism
•Efficiency of complaint redressal
•Coverage and maintenance of
public toilets
•Efficiency of complaint
redressal
•Coverage and
maintenance of public
toilets
SURVEY METHODOLOGY

15. LITERATURE ANDCASE STUDY:
Sr.
No.
THEME AUTHOR
DETAILS
NAME OF ARTICLE
/PAPER/JOURNAL
JOURNAL/
PUBLICATION
YEAR
PUBLISHED
1 Water Supply
SANITATION
- Handbook of Service Level
Benchmarking MOUD
2 HOUSING -
Chandni chowk & Kashmiri gate
:Guidelines &Redevelopment
strategies
DUAC 2015
3 HOUSING A.K.Jain
Regeneration & Renewal of Old
Delhi
ITPI 2004
4 HISTORY
Mayank
Manohar
Chandni Choke stuck in a time
warp
TOI 2017
5 DRAINAGE
Mayank
Manohar and
Paras Singh
Delhi rains: Deja woe on
capital’s roads
TOI 2018
6 HOUSING Richi Verma
Chandni Chowk revival plan
receives fresh jolt
TOI 2016
7
WATER
SUPPLY,
SANITATION
Sakshi Saini
Assessment of water & sanitation
in facilities in a resettlement
colony
IWP 2009
15DATASOURCES

16. 16
Sr.
No.
THEME AUTHOR
DETAILS
NAME OF ARTICLE
/PAPER/JOURNAL
JOURNAL/
PUBLICATION
YEAR
PUBLISHED
8 SANITATION Vijay Prashad
The Technology of Sanitation in
Colonial Delhi
Cambridge
University Press
2001
9
Land Rent
DELHI RENT CONTROL ACT,
1958
MINISTRY OF
LAW
1958
10 Water Supply,
SANITATION,
HOUSING
Florian
Steinberg
Revitalization of Historic
Inner-City Areas in Asia - Ha Noi ADB 2008
11
Water Supply,
SANITATION,
HOUSING
Florian
Steinberg
Revitalization of Historic
Inner-City Areas in Asia - Jakarta
ADB
2008
12
Water Supply,
SANITATION,
HOUSING
Florian
Steinberg
Revitalization of Historic
Inner-City Areas in Asia - Manila
ADB 2008
LITERATURE ANDCASESTUDY:
DATASOURCES

17. HANDBOOKOFSERVICELEVELBENCHMARKINGBYMINISTRYOFURBANDEVELOPMENT
(GOVERNMENTOFINDIA)
17
• SLB, as described below, should be considered as benchmark for measuring, reporting and
monitoring the performance and comparing inter and intra city level infrastructure.
Sr.
No.
Indicators Benchmark
Levels
Water Supply
1 Coverage of WS connections (Population) 100%
2
Per capita availability of WS at Consumer
end
135 Lpcd
3 Extent of metering of WS connections 100%
4 Extent of Non-Revenue Water 20%
5 Continuity of Water Supply 24 x 7
6
Efficiency of redressal of Customer
complaints
80%
7 Quality of Water Supplied 100%
8 Cost recovery of in Water Supply Service 100%
9
Efficiency in collection of Water Supply
Charge
90%
Sr.
No.
Indicators Benchmark
Levels
Sewerage
1 Coverage of Wastewater network service 100%
2 Collection efficiency of Wastewater network 100%
3 Adequacy of Wastewater treatment capacity 100%
4 Quality of Wastewater treatment 100%
5 Extent of reuse & recycling of treated
Wastewater
20%
6
Extent of cost recovery in Wastewater
management
100%
7 Extent of redressal of Customer complaints 80%
8 Efficiency in collection of sewerage charges 90%
9 Coverage of toilets 100%
REVIEWS

18. HANDBOOKOFSERVICELEVELBENCHMARKINGBYMINISTRYOFURBANDEVELOPMENT
(GOVERNMENTOFINDIA)
18
• SLB, as described below, should be considered as benchmark for measuring, reporting and
monitoring the performance and comparing inter and intra city level infrastructure.
Sr.
No.
Indicators Benchmark
Levels
Storm Water Drainage
1 Coverage of storm Water Drainage network 100%
2 Incidence of water logging/flooding 0
Solid Waste Management
1 Household level Coverage of solid waste management service 100%
2 Efficiency of Collection of municipal solid waste 100%
3 Extent of segregation of Municipal Solid Waste 100%
4 Extent of Municipal Solid Waste recovered /recycled 80%
5 Extent of scientific disposal of Municipal Solid Waste 100%
6 Extent of cost recovery in Solid Waste Management Service 100%
7 Efficiency of redressal of Customer Complaints 80%
8 Efficiency in collection of user charges 90%
REVIEWS

19. 19
• Edge Redevelopment: Upgradation of physical
urban environment, improvement of public
transportation and other sustainable mobility modes
• Adaptive Reuse: Restore and reuse historic buildings
and facades, by redeveloping for activities like
cultural centre, museum, exhibition space etc. while
promoting and preserving the area’s traditional
character
• Redefining Urban Fabric: create wider by-lanes and
promote a more livable community, provision of
amenities, reduce congestion and free up space,
redeveloping existing vacant and underused building
stocks to achieve higher density and mixed uses
• Inducing Urban Relief Spaces: revitalization of urban
spaces, street widening, green spaces, awareness
among people of disaster mitigation techniques
• Redefining Mobility: curtail use of private vehicles
and encourage use of para-transit along with
promoting last mile connectivity.
CHANDNICHOWK&KASHMIRIGATE:GUIDELINES&
REDEVELOPMENTSTRATEGIES • Shajahanbad, once soul of the city, now has lost its
charm completely.
• Increasing problems of congestion in the area
because of widespread commercial activities has
led to poor living conditions with almost negligible
access to good services.
• The area has a major chunk of population involved
in commercial activities, where the market deals in
almost every commodity.
• Revitalization of residential areas, improvement of
roads and traffic, upgrading social and physical
infrastructure are some of the factors that need
much attention.
• Huge amount of unauthorized construction and
land use change has been seen in the area.
• Chandni Chowk was the heart of the Walled City, it
has octagonal chowks with water channels running
through its centre.
• Good practices like better street lighting, vendor
markets, conversion of old food stalls to food plazas,
basic renovation of old buildings, proper parking
provisions are some of the ways which can be
employed to improve the area and preserve its
essence at the same time.
REGENERATION&RENEWALOFOLDDELHI
REVIEWS

20. 20
• Issue of scarcity of safe drinking water and
sanitation facilities and its effects on the settlements
in rural , slums and resettlement colonies in city.
• Lack of water and sanity facility , with no access to
potable water, unclean toilets and improper
disposal of waste.
• These problems being root cause of bad health and
the need to take some innovative actions for the
Sustainable Development of the Community.
• Need of integrated approach linking water,
sanitation and health which would improve the
quality of living of the entire community.
• A plan for community based management of water
, waste and sanitation will ensure the entire
community is benefited with equity and
sustainability.
ASSESSMENTOFWATER&SANITATIONINFACILITIESIN
ARESETTLEMENTCOLONY
• This literature examines the lowest level of level of the
colonial regime in the local government of Delhi (the
Delhi Municipal Corporation [DMC], the commissioner’s
office, the army, the Public Works Department [PWD],
the railway officials and its relation with the local
nobility, the merchants, and working people.
• The literature focuses on the question that is - what is
the place of technology in the liberation of the city
from the street sweeper? And how technology can
replace manual street sweeping.
• Modern technology is essential to reduce the time to
dispose the volume of refuse generated by the dense
urban populations.
•The study elaborates the fact that the then
constructed efficient sewerage system of Old Delhi i.e.
Chandni Chowk is unable to handle the recent out flow
of refuse by dense population due to various reasons.
THETECHNOLOGYOFSANITATIONINCOLONIAL
DELHI
REVIEWS

21. 21
• If date of agreement/ commencement of construction:
• Up to 31st Dec, 1949, rate of annual enhancement of
rent will be 2% of the standard rent.
• From 1st Jan, 1950 to 31st Dec, 1960, 4% annual
enhancement.
• From 1st Jan, 1961 to 31st Dec, 1970, 6% annual
enhancement.
• From 1st Jan, 1971 to 31st Dec 1995, 8% for residential
premises; 10% for non-residential premises.
• On and from 1st Jan, 1996, 8% for residential premises and
12% for non-residential premises.
DELHIRENTACT,1955 • Under the DRCA 1958 the standard rent was defined in
relation to the cost of the house and was fixed at 7.5-8.25%
of the cost of construction of the house and the market
price of land at the time of the commencement of
construction of the house.
• If the premises had been let out before 2 June, 1944, the
standard rent was fixed in relation to the ‘basic rent’.’ If the
basic rent exceeded Rs 600 an increase of 10% of the
basic rent was permitted.
• For premises constructed between 2 June, 1951 and 9
June, 1955 an exemption for seven years was allowed,
while for premises constructed within five years of June
1955, the same exemption was granted.
• In the case of premises other than residential premises,
where the premises have been let out at any time before
the 2nd day of June, 1944, the basic rent of such premises
together with 15% of such basic rent, where the premises
have been let out at any time on or after the 2nd day of
June, 1944, if such rent per annum does not exceed twelve
hundred rupees, the rent so fixed.
• If such rent per annum exceeds Rs 1200, the rent so fixed
together with 15%, of such rent.
DELHIRENTACT,1958
• Rent Control Act of 1958 came into force on 9 February,
1959. The act was amended in 1976 and then again in 1988.
REVIEWS

22. 22
Chandni Choke stuck in a time warp
•This news is all about uneven development across the
wards of Chandni chowk.
•In spite of good amount provided to councilor every year
under local area development fund, as a part of grand
multi-agency plans to redevelop Chandni Chowk, but no
such changes were observed with respect to infrastructure.
•It has talked about the irresponsibility and
mismanagement of departments responsible for leading
development in wards of Chandni Chowk.
Delhi rains: Deja woe on capital’s roads
•It has talked about poor drainage in Chandni Chowk
where no change in design leads to water logging which
was showcased during heavy rain.
•The deposition of slits on major drain networks,
accumulation of waste along arterial drains was the result
of misleading reports submitted by corporations.
•The congestion in past few months has increased due
to encroachments and mismanagement of
development.
•According to Abhimanyu Dalal, certain plans were
finalized to improve the pedestrian by placing fire
hydrants, water pipes, and cable services through
tunnels underground.
•But due to delay, there was no progress as a result the
project transferred to Pradeep Sachdeva,
Shahjanabad Redevelopment Corporation.
Chandni ChowkRevivalPlan receivesfreshjolt
IN NEWS

23. CASESTUDY 23
S.No. Description Kota Tua, Jakarta, Indonesia Manila Ha Noi
1 City Planning
1 Reason of
Revitalization
•Originated as Harbor
settlement and considered as
Historic icon
•Out-migration
•Demolished buildings, foul
smelling canal and stagnant
wastewater
•Restoration as a historic
district
•Promotion of Tourism
•Establishment as a functional
city
•Dilapidated condition of
old structures
•Lack of attention to old
buildings & cultural relics
•No sensitivity towards old
architectural buildings

24. 2 . Objective of
Revitalization
•Restoring and modifying
heritage buildings
•Conversion of town into a
new center of economic
activity
•research
•Archaeological excavation
•preparation of restoration
plans site clearing and
construction
•Restoration of
Architectural heritage.
•Preservation of Natural
environment, historical
& cultural traditions
•Preservation & restoration
of Old city
3. Analysis of Issues Raised
3.1 Land Use Pattern Dominated by commercial
buildings (78%)
Mixed used pattern with
dominance in commercial
and institutional sector
Dominated by
Residential buildings, with
increase in price value at
4.55% per year
3.2 Condition of Building Dilapidated and abandoned Dilapidated and
abandoned
Dilapidated and
abandoned
24CASESTUDY

25. 3.3 Urban Infrastructure •Water supply
•Sewerage and wastewater
treatment
•Solid waste Management
•Drainage and flooding
•Transport and Accessibility
•Bus Rapid Transit
•Air pollution
•Water supply
•Sewerage and wastewater
treatment
•Solid waste Management
•Drainage and flooding
•Clogging and backflow
•No formal health centers
and daycare facilities
•improper educational faciliti
es
•Water supply
•Sewerage & Drainage sys
tem
•Solid Waste
Management
•Transport Network
•Electrical &
Telecommunication
Network
•Air and Noise Pollution
3.4 Special analysis with
respect to objective
Local economy- 0.03% of
Indonesia’s GDP, in spite
of being CBD
In spite of revenue
generation activities,
insufficient fund generation
for maintenance of area’s
heritage structure
Insufficient Maintenance
of Architectural &
Heritage structures and
Cultural relics
25CASESTUDY

26. 4 . Process/Initiatives
4.1 Development plans Identification of-
•Integrated area for
development projects
•Area with high development
potential
Zoning plan with respect to-
Functions
•Circulation
•Building/settlement
•Pedestrian
•Green open space
Conservation projects:
•rehabilitation and restoration
of historical structures
•repair and fortification of
gats and wall.
•rehabilitation of parks, plazas
and museums
Development projects:
•repair of public facilities
•Restoration of traditional art
and craft, cuisine.
•Roads and pathways
•Parking facilities
Planning Historic city as:
•Small-scale commercial
• High- density residential
area
•Restoration of historical
structures
•Preservation of natural
environment
Planning Regulations:
•Preservation Area
•Restoration
•Maximum height w.r.t. to
fronting of streets
•Open spaces
26CASESTUDY

27. 4.2 Construction/
Rehabilitation of basic
Infrastructure
•Upgrading water supply system
•Sewerage- Construction of STP,
facilitating neighborhood
district
•Drainage- to address current
source of contamination
•Adaptive reuse of heritage
structures
•Construction of new
commercial and housing
complexes
•Collection vehicles and
temporary dump sites with
respect to SWM
•Installation of new water
supply lines.
•Upgrading of electrical supply
system, storm water
drainage, sewerage system
•Improvement of Solid waste
management system
•Drainage- addressing the
clogging problem
•Adaptive reuse of heritage
structures
•Construction of new
commercial and housing
complexes.
Steps for development:
• Prepared a development
plan.
• Acquisition/ purchasing of
historic buildings, later used
as offices.
• Relocation of illegal settlers
and property protection.
• acquiring more land within
Intramuros by the
government and
implementation of transfer of
development right schemes.
•Upgrading pedestrian and
sidewalks and
planned parking
•Improvement in
Infrastructure like
underground cabling,
establishing public transport
system.
•Improvement in Air quality
•Improvement in water
distribution system
•Upgradation, operation &
maintenance of sewerage
& drainage system
27CASESTUDY
Primary
Secondary
Tertiary

28. 5 Conclusion and
Interventions
•Regulatory framework and
intervention with stakeholder’s
forum to develop a center of
culture, heritage tourism and
creative industry
•Participation of private property
owners, public property owners
and private citizens.
• upgradation and expansion
of academic institutions.
•Organizing events and
activities to promote tourism.
•Conservation activities for
cultural properties.
•Improvement in Urban
infrastructure and services.
•Privatization of water supply
and distribution.
•Improvised framework for
implementation of land
resource management
technique.
•Development of
management instruments,
economic development,
resource mobilization and
strategic action plans after
detailed analysis of existing
mechanism
•Construction of new
residential and
commercial complex with
regulation of construction,
encouraging community
public spaces.
•Relocation of informal
settlers
•Reconstruction of
residential, commercial,
and cultural building and
promoting mixed land use
to promote local
economy.
•Participation of private
and public property
owners & private citizens
•Improved maintenance
of Cultural, heritage
architectural structures.
•Improved framework for
development of land,
resources and
management.
28
Collective STP
Area primary
network
Pond
Outlet to Sea
From STP to
Primary
network
From housing
To STP

29. LOCATION
STUDY AREA
INDIA
DELHI
Walled City –
Chandni Chowk
Showing macro level connectivity of
Walled City precinct - Shajahanabad
DELHI KEY MAP
29

30. CHANDNI CHOWK AS PART OF THE IDENTIFIED
‘SPECIAL AREA – ZONE A’
UNDER THE MASTER PLAN OF DELHI-2021
STUDY AREALAND USE MAP 30

31. 31STUDY AREA
LEGEND – ZONE A
– WALLED CITY
ZONAL DEVELOPMENT PLAN –
ZONE A – WALLED CITY –
CHANDNI CHOWK ROAD
DARIBA KALAN UNDER
RESIDENTIAL REDEVELOPMENT AREA
DARIBAKALAN
RED
FORT

32. 32STUDY AREA
WARD NO. 84 N – CHANDNI CHOWK
UNDER NORTH DELHI MUNICIPAL CORPORATION
LEGEND

33. 33SURROUNDING
DARIBA KALAN
AERIAL VIEW OF THE SURROUNDING HERITAGE RICH CONTEXT AND CONNECTIVITY OF DARIBA KALAN
CONNECTIVITY
BY MASS PUBLIC
TRANSIT MODES
• well-connected by
both the Red and
Yellow Lines of the
Metro.
• extension of the
Violet Line will form the
Heritage Loop
• Both passenger and
freight movement is
facilitated due to
proximity to Old Delhi
and New Delhi
Railway Stations
• DTC Bus Routes
connect the Walled
City mostly on the
periphery

34. SCOPE 34
BHAGIRATH
PLACE
PHYSICAL EXTENTS OF DARIBA KALAN
LANE UNDER THE SCOPE OF STUDY
RED
FORT
OLD DELHI RAILWAY STATION
TOWN
HALL
JAMA
MASJID
NAYA BAZAAR
DARIBAKALAN
ESPLANADEROAD
350 m long stretch
extending upto 30
metres on both sides
central node of 50
metre radial
boundary from the
entry point to Kinari
Bazaar lane
KHARI BAOLI
HCSENMARG
GURUDWARA
CC METRO
STATION
CONNECTIVITY
BY ROAD
• Collector road widths
vary from 15–18 m
• Width of galis can
vary from 6–9 m, some
of them are as narrow
as 2 m, forming
physical barriers for
traffic intermingling
with pedestrians

35. 35STUDY AREA
KEY PLAN
indicating Dariba
Kalan as a
distributary street
from Chandni
Chowk main street
LAYOUT PLAN OF DARIBA KALAN WITH SUB-LANES
350 m
5-6M
MAINROAD
CHANDNICHOWK
CHANDNI CHOWK
MAIN STREET
DARIBA KALANDARIBA KALAN
CHANDNICHOWK
MAINSTREET
DARIBAKALAN
KINARI
BAZAAR
30M30M

36. ANALYSIS OF EXISTING SCENARIO
36

37. 37LAYOUTOFSURVEY AREA
The survey mapping is
conducted for 175m which
constitutes the initialportion
of the lane.
ROADSECTIONS

38. • Otherthanthe
specialityofDariba
Kalaninsilverand
gold,other activities
takesplaceduring
daytimebystreet
vendorswhich also
occupiesthe space
in lanesandcreates
congestion.
• it’s partof oneof
the busylanesof
olddense planning
of ChandniChowk,
its difficultto find
spacefor such
vendors.These
activitiesrestrict
cyclerickshaws also
to cross through.
38OBSERVATION
MULTIPLEACTIVITIES

39. PARKING
39
• No provision for
parking for both,
visitors and shop
keepers.
• Congestion on
roads.
• No space for
vehicular
movement after
on road parking.
• Difficulty in
pedestrian
movement in sub-
lanes.
• Due to haphazard
parking difficulty in
movement on
main road during
peak hours.
OBSERVATION

40. 40
WATER SUPPLY
AREA OF
CONCERN
• Quality of water
• Availability /
quantity of water
• Impact of the
above on living
conditions
• Leakages in spite
of scarcity
• Coping
mechanisms for
water shortages
• Operations and
maintenance –
redressal
mechanism
SERVICES
Depletion of ground water from
wastage due to leakage
Obsolete and inadequate
maintenance
Provision for public taps at regular
interval.
Issues with water quality
Deteriorating condition
of public taps
Exposed piping system more prone
to damage

41. 41
WATERSUPPLY
• Primary Source :
mostly piped drinking water system
2- 3 hours in the morning
2-3 hours in the evening
some dependence on bottled water
Secondary Source :
borewells and gurudwara
• Water Metering : Yes
• Interruptions in water supply : frequent
every month - for as long as 3-4 days
• Water pipelines have not been replaced
since 1980s and water is contaminated due
to leaking sewers.
• Water purifiers to treat drinking waters are
being used.
• MCD is responsible for maintenance,
however, it is not noted.
• Water quality inspection : None noted INFERENCESFROM
QUESTIONNAIRE
RESIDENTS:
• Primary Source :
bottled water – costs Rs 500 monthly
• Secondary Source :
gurudwara and metro
• Reason: Quality of drinking water from
Piyaus is not considered usable
• Water quality inspection : None noted
• Water ATMS : Willing to pay and Use
• Complaints reported on water quality :
None
• Primary Source : Piyaus
• No willingness to use drinking water
from Piyaus
• Water ATMS : Willing to pay and Use
SHOPKEEPERS:
VISITORS:
Mapshowinglocation
ofexistingPiyaus:

42. DRAINAGE AND SANITATION
42
AREA OF
CONCERN
• Adequacy of per
capita availability
of toilets
• Loopholes in the
existing storm
water drainage
pattern – water-
logging hotspots
• Loopholes in the
existing sewerage
infrastructure –
choking hotspots
• Coping
mechanisms in
case of choking or
overflow
• Operations and
maintenance –
redressal
mechanism
SERVICES
Land use plan of OKHLA 1 Sub Drainage Zone
Chandni Chowk Area
Zone: Okhala Drainage Zone
Soil: Banger Soil
Type: Sewered zone,
Combined sewage system
Soil: Banger Soil
Nearest treatment plant: Delhi Gate WWTP
Capacity: 2.2 MGD
Zoning of OKHLA 1 Sub Drainage Zone

43. DRAINAGE AND SANITATION
43
INFERENCES
• Obsolete and
inadequately
maintained
drainage system
• Disposal of waste
in open or in
drains leading to
clogging.
• Poor and
unhygienic
sanitation
facilities.
• Lack of
cleanliness in
public facilities
• No proper
sanitation
facilities for
women.
SERVICES

44. 44SANITATION &DRAINAGE
Men toilet
Ladies toilet
Manhole
Location
INFERENCES
• The repairs, operation
and maintenance of the
sewerage system is with the
MCD.
• The Dariba Kalan road has an
underground sewerage facility
and the sewers are closely
located but not well
maintained.
• All the residences have private
toilet facilities with sit- down
toilets and all the toilets are
well connected to the
sewerage system.
• The number and location of
the public toilets are less with
poor in hygienic condition.
• Nearest "pay and use" toilet is in
the Chandni Chowk Metro
Station.
• Water clogs in every rainy
season in entire lane for 2-5
hours on an average.
Toilets:
Males -2 nos.
Female -1nos.
(maintained
by individual)
Based on the survey conducted
with the shopkeepers and visitors:
Clogging point
Men toilet

45. 45
HOUSINGINFRASTRUCTURE ALONGWITHCOMMERCIAL(SHOPS)
• Housing typologies ranging from
havelis to bungalows and kothis
between G+1 to G+3.
• Condition of obsolescence,
deteriorated living condition,
danger of collapse.
• Poor lighting and ventilation,
extremely narrow access, high
chances of stampede in case of
hazard.
• Encroachment due to trade
activities. eg. Hoardings.
• Reduced standard of livability,
eg. encroachment and addition
of catwalks joining built masses.
• High density- prone to damage
under seismic forces.
AREAS OF
CONCERN
• Ownership
• Land values and
rental system
• Obsolescence of
structures
• Encroachment
• Overall living
condition
OBSERVATION

46. 46
HOUSINGINFRASTRUCTUREALONGWITHCOMMERCIAL(SHOPS)
• Poor construction- support through hybrid materials.
• Change in land use, increasing commercialization,
leading to abandoning residential units and posing
hazard.
• Unregulated Multiple ownership affecting the
maintenance of the structures.
Rental systems:
• A strong reflection of built typology of commercial
shops below and residences above, it still continues the
traditional system of rental known as “Pugree System”.
1. The pugree kirayadar system launched before
independence to avoid excessive tax payment to
British. The transfer was on verbal agreement wherein
the tenant was given a slip of rent payment while
payment were made in full to the landlord.
2. Almost all tenants have paid the entire market price of
the property at the time of taking it on rent by way of
pugree(amount paid at the time of entering rent).
AREAS OF
CONCERN
• Ownership
• Land values and
rental system
• Obsolescence of
structures
• Encroachment
• Overall living
condition
OBSERVATION

47. 47
HOUSINGINFRASTRUCTUREALONGWITHCOMMERCIAL(SHOPS)
narrow access minimal light - ventilation shops below houses Old, dilapidated structures-minimal maintenance
OBSERVATION

48. 48
HOUSINGINFRASTRUCTUREALONGWITHCOMMERCIAL(SHOPS)
• Number of family members
mostly high (in the range of 8-16
members) with very less living space and
even lesser dedicated sleeping spaces -
space constraint
Ownership
INFERENCESFROM
Age of Buildings
QUESTIONNAIRE
• Mode of transport
mostly people depend on public transport
or 2-wheelers; few own 4-wheelers for
which they pay parking charges as much
as Rs.1500 per month
RESIDENTS:
• Total plot size per household
ranges usually between 800 – 2000 sq.ft. ;
however smaller sizes are more common
• Total built-up area per household
ranging between 1400 – 6000 sq.ft.
out of which;
residential =700 – 4000 sq.ft. ,
commercial (on rent) = 700– 2000 sq.ft.
• Property taxes
are mostly claimed as paid
• No reported change in land use and mostly
claimed as sanctioned; however the
ownership was reported as disputed in a
few cases.
• Challenges
faced in
hierarchy
of their
reported
ranking
Family income
mostly owned
usually > 50 yrs
mostly LIG
Adequacy of living
space
Repair and
maintenance
Affordability
parking

49. 49
HOUSINGINFRASTRUCTUREALONGWITHCOMMERCIAL(SHOPS)
• Rental system
Pugree system –
Shops – Rs. 50-100 monthly
– paid Rs 15,000 – Rs. 25,000 initially
Godowns – Rs. 10-50 monthly )
however monthly rents as much as
Rs. 1500 monthly also reported.
• Annual rental increment
Pugree system – none
Others – 10% every 3 years
Though the property value is very high,
rents paid are comparatively very less.
Ownership
INFERENCESFROM
Age of Buildings
QUESTIONNAIRE
• Mode of transport
mostly people depend on public
transport; however, usage of 4-wheelers
and 2 wheelers is next dominant , for 4-
wheelers pay parking charges as much
as Rs.1500 per month
SHOPKEEPERS:
• Total plot size( = built up area) per
shop
ranges usually between 100 –250 sq.ft. ;
however smaller sizes are more common
• Property taxes
are mostly claimed as paid (as much as
Rs. 3000 annually)
• No reported change in land use and mostly
claimed as sanctioned.
• Challenges faced in hierarchy
of their reported ranking
Adequacy of parking space
Shop space
Repair and
maintenance
affordability
Annual turnover
mostly rented
usually > 50 yrs
huge

50. 50
Indicators Housing Water Supply Stromwater
Drainage
Sanitation and
Sewerage
Hygiene and Sanitary Conditions ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
Redressal Mechanism ✓ ✓ ✓
Maintenance ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
Obsolescence Factor ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
Involvement of ULB ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
Compliance with SLB ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
Footfall ✓ ✓ ✓
Pressure due to Unauthorised
Construction
✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
Accessibility and losses incurred
in its absence
✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
Lighting and Ventilation ✓ ✓
Cost of Living ✓ ✓ ✓
Road Width ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
Parking ✓
INTERLINKAGES

51. RECOMMENDATIONS
51

52. 52PROPOSAL
RECOMMENDEDPROPOSAL
AT STREET LEVEL:
1. The entire lane of Dariba Kalan to be
pedestrianized, allowing only non-
motorized vehicles between 11:00 a.m.
to 8:00 p.m. (peak hours); motorized
vehicles and carriage vans to operate
in the remaining slot (night and
morning hours).
2. Proper signage, especially those
indicating parking, drinking water
facilities, public toilets and waste bins
to be installed throughout the street.
Signage indicating suggested location
for parking (identified at the zonal
level) of motorized vehicles to be
installed at the entry of the street on
both sides.
3. Provision of tactile surfacing (tiles)
along the edges of the street to
facilitate barrier-free movement.
4. Rehabilitation of stray animals.
PEDESTRIANIZATION
before after
SIGNAGES

53. 53
5. Promotion of a sense of ownership
amongst the shopkeepers, by
mandating that a minimum of 2 feet
stretch (currently encroached) shall
be stipulated for plantation.
6. Mandating a theme-based design
for the hoardings of individual shops
which shall compulsorily include the
historical narrative of Dariba Kalan
and the shops therein. This shall be
executed as public participatory
process involving the populace
along with the authority.
7. A proposed brick red as the base
color for the façade with grafitti to
superimpose the dominating
presence of ODUs in the street
elevation.
SINGULAR CHARACTER OF STREET TACTILE PAVING
ENHANCED PLANTATION

54. 54PROPOSAL
RECOMMENDEDPROPOSAL
AT BUILT MASS LEVEL:
1. Removal of all physical
encroachment (those
hampering the street
circulation, natural lighting
and ventilation) be strictly
enforced by the authority.
2. Identification of obsolete
structures and ensure its
renovation/retrofitting.
3. Ensuring the compliances for
storage and warehousing
facilities of shops.
AT SERVICES LEVEL:
WATER SUPPLY
1. Ensuring redesign,
maintenance (eliminating
leakage losses), drinking water
quality check for the existing
facility. 2 out of the 5 existing
facilities to be replaced by
Water ATMs.
WATER POINT
WATER ATM
Location of
Drinking water
Location of Drinking
Water which can be
replaced as water ATM

55. AT SERVICES LEVEL:
SANITATION AND SEWERAGE
1. Ensuring maintenance and
enclosure of the existing male
public toilets/urinals.
2. Refurbishing and identifying(through
signage and by the ULB) the only
existing female public toilet. An
additional facility to be added for
the street as located in the map.
3. Replacing the obsolete exposed
plumbing pipes and enhancing
aesthetics of the same with grafitti or
covering it through ducts in
locations where more physical
damage is anticipated.
55PROPOSAL
RECOMMENDEDPROPOSAL
MALE PUBLIC TOILETS
SIGNAGE
LOCATION OF
MEN TOILET
LOCATION OF
LADIES TOILET
MANHOLE
LOCATION
LOCATION OF
MEN TOILET

56. 56DRAINAGE
CLOGGING
POINTS
AT SERVICES LEVEL:
STORMWATER
1. Increasing the number of collection
chambers (with cast-iron cover) by
interspersing new chambers in the
existing layout in the identified
clogging spots. This identification of
exact location to be done on the
basis of primary survey analysis of
water logging in rainy season.
2. Replacing all existing covers of
collection chambers with cast-iron
grating covers.
3. Ensuring routine maintenance and
cleaning of existing service by
community engagement and
sharing of responsibilities.
C .I. COVERS
C .I. COVERS

57. REFERENCES
57
MOUD, Handbook of Service Level Benchmarking.(online)p.6 .
Available at:http://mohua.gov.in/upload/uploadfiles/files/Flyer.pdf
DUAC, Chandni chowk & Kashmere Gate : Guide lines & Redevelopment strategies
(online)p.13.
Available at:http://e.duac.org/images/pdf/15.%20Kashmere%20gate.pdf
Jain , A. (2004). Regeneration & Renewal of Old Delhi.ITPI.(online)p.10.
Available at:http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/
Saini , S.(2009) Assessment of water & sanitation in facilities in a resettlement colony.
(online).p.26.
Available at:http://www.indiawaterportal.org/sites/indiawaterportal.org/files/
Manohar , M. (2017). Chandni Chowk stuck in a time wrap.Times of India.(online).Available at :
https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/delhi/chandni-choke-stuck-in-a-time-
warp/articleshow
Manohar ,M , Singh , P. (2018).Delhi rains: Deja woe on capital roads. Times of India. (online).
Available at : https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/delhi/deja-woe-on-capitals-roads/
REFERENCES

58. REFERENCES
REFERENCES
58
Prashad , V.(2001). The Technology of Sanitation in Colonial Delhi.Cambridge University Press.
(online)p.43. Available at:https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/modern-asian-studies/
article/ technology-of-sanitation-in-colonial-delhi/
Verma , R. (2016). Chandni chowk revival plan receives fresh jolt. Times of India.(online).
Available at :https://www.google.co.in/amp/s/m.timesofindia.com/city/delhi/Chandni-
Chowk-
revival-plan-receives-fresh-jolt/amp_articleshow/53183874.cms
BHUVAN. Available at:http://bhuvan.nrsc.gov.in/bhuvan_links.php
Census of India. Available at:http://censusindia.gov.in/