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The OSI Model Understanding the Seven Layers of Computer Networks
Introduction ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
An Overview of the OSI Model ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Layer 1 – The Physical Layer The physical layer of the OSI model defines connector and interface specifications, as well as the medium (cable) requirements. Electrical, mechanical, functional, and procedural specifications are provided for sending a bit stream on a computer network. Components of the physical layer include: ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Layer 1 – The Physical Layer In a LAN environment, Category 5e UTP (Unshielded Twisted Pair) cable is generally used for the physical layer for individual device connections. Fiber optic cabling is often used for the physical layer in a vertical or riser backbone link. The IEEE, EIA/TIA, ANSI, and other similar standards bodies developed standards for this layer. Note:  The Physical Layer of the OSI model is only part of a LAN (Local Area Network).
Layer 2 – The Data Link Layer ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Layer 2 – The Data Link Layer ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Layer 3 – The Network Layer ,[object Object],[object Object]
Layer 3 – The Network Layer ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],1 3 2
Layer 3 – The Network Layer ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],4 6 5
Layer 3 – The Network Layer ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],7 8
Layer 4 – The Transport Layer ,[object Object],[object Object],The most common transport layer protocols are  the connection-oriented TCP Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)  and  the connectionless UDP User Datagram Protocol (UDP).
Layer 4 – The Transport Layer ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Layer 5 – The Session Layer ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Layer 6 – The Presentation Layer ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Layer 7 – The Application Layer ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Non-technical Layers – Layer 8 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Non-technical Layers – Layer 9 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Non-technical Layers – Layer 10 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
TCP/IP Model Overview ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],7 6 5 4 3 2 1 NETWORK ACCES LAYER INTERNET LAYER HOST TO HOST LAYER PROCESS  LAYER TCP/IP LAYERS OSI
TCP/IP Model Overview ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Equipment at the Layers Some of the layers use equipment to support the identified functions. Hub related activity is “Layer One”. The naming of some devices designates the functional layer such as “Layer Two Switch” or “Layer Three  Switch”. Router functions focus on “Layer Three”.  User workstations and servers are often identified with “Layer Seven”.

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006 Osi Model

  • 1. The OSI Model Understanding the Seven Layers of Computer Networks
  • 2.
  • 3.
  • 4.
  • 5. Layer 1 – The Physical Layer In a LAN environment, Category 5e UTP (Unshielded Twisted Pair) cable is generally used for the physical layer for individual device connections. Fiber optic cabling is often used for the physical layer in a vertical or riser backbone link. The IEEE, EIA/TIA, ANSI, and other similar standards bodies developed standards for this layer. Note: The Physical Layer of the OSI model is only part of a LAN (Local Area Network).
  • 6.
  • 7.
  • 8.
  • 9.
  • 10.
  • 11.
  • 12.
  • 13.
  • 14.
  • 15.
  • 16.
  • 17.
  • 18.
  • 19.
  • 20.
  • 21.
  • 22. Equipment at the Layers Some of the layers use equipment to support the identified functions. Hub related activity is “Layer One”. The naming of some devices designates the functional layer such as “Layer Two Switch” or “Layer Three Switch”. Router functions focus on “Layer Three”. User workstations and servers are often identified with “Layer Seven”.