A presentation by Dr. Jeroen Huising

1. 5/27/2010
Contrasting Benchmark Sites on Objectives
Bio‐physical and Socio‐economic Characteristics
and Implications for
Conservation and Sustainable Management of To characterize the bio‐physical, socio‐economic and
BGBD political environment of the benchmark areas to
determine constraints for adoption of conservation
and management of below‐ground biodiversity
Jeroen Huising, Steve Ichami, Willemien
Jeroen Huising Steve Ichami Willemien
Brooijmans, Peter Okoth, Perrine Deja, options and to assess possible project impact
Moses Isabirye, Bustanul Arifin, Elaine
Fidalgo, Mauricio R. Coelho, Jose Antonio
Garcia, Chinnappa Reddy, R.K. Maikhuri,
To provide background information for the
Muya Edward, Bernard Mutsotso, Pascal interpretation of the results emanating from the
Angui, Jonas G. Ibo, Mugonola Basil
inventory of BGBD and for demonstration and
experimentation of options for the conservation and
sustainable management of BGBD
CSM-BGBD Closing Conference 17-21 May 2009 17-21 May 2010 CSM-BGBD Closing Conference
Root and proximate causes of loss of below‐ground
biodiversity Location of the CSM‐BGBD project Benchmark Sites
Nandi Devi BR, India
Los Tuxtlas (3), Mexico
Nilgiri BR, Karnataka, India
Nilgiri BR, Kerala, India
g , ,
Oumé, Ivory Coast
Mabira Forest, Uganda
Jambi, Indonesia
Benjamin Constant, AM, Brazil
Taï, Ivory Coast
Embu, Kenya
Taita, Kenya
Lampung, Indonesia
17-21 May 2010 CSM-BGBD Closing Conference 17-21 May 2010 CSM-BGBD Closing Conference
Data sources Data collection: Data matrix – benchmark sites (15)
Bio‐physical characteristics
Soil sample analyses, land use description at sampling Climate
Topography
points Soils
Vegetation
Socio‐economic and land use surveys (reports issued Land use and land cover
Forest, protected area and land use history
by the project)
y p j ) Agricultural orientation and land use intensity
Agronomy
Existing literature and internet sources Farm size
Cultural practices (irrigation, tillage)
Brazil
Management practices (inputs) and market linkages
Questionnaires submitted to project members Socio‐economic
Income from farming relative to total income
Access to land
Poverty and economic development
Demographic data
Policy and institutions
Institutional environment and farmer organisation
Agricultural policy
Nandi Devi
17-21 May 2010 CSM-BGBD Closing Conference 17-21 May 2010 CSM-BGBD Closing Conference
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2. 5/27/2010
KAP Survey of various stakeholder groups Comparing benchmark areas: Soil and land constraints
Knowledge, attitude and perception of farmers Site Soil Quality
Plot of Rainfall (mm) against Hypsometry
Perception of production constraints
Brazil BC Rel. poor
General (economic, land tenure etc.) 3500 Jambi
Soil constraints (fertility, physical, erosion) 3000
Lampung Brazil Quanabara Rel. poor
Agronomic (e.g. pest & diseases) Kerala Brazil NA Rel. poor
Rainfa (mm)
2500 Brazil Mexico
Farmers’ solutions and practice Mabira
Karantaka CDI Oumé Poor
2000
all
Knowledge related to
Knowledge related to
1500 Nanda Devi India Kerala Intermediate
BGBD and ecosystem function‐ soil processes
1000 India Nandi Devi Intermediate
Management practices to manage BGBD (or that affect BGBD and soil processes) Oume
500 Taita
KAP of NGO and extensions services Taita India Karnataka Intermediate
0 D i
Involvement in the project 0 2 4 6 8
Indo ‐ Lampung Rel. poor
Knowledge element Hypsometry
Indo ‐ Jambi Rel. poor
Practice (whether relevant elements are included in recommendations) Kenya ‐ Embu Poor
Policy makers Kenya ‐ Taita (Very) poor
Involvement Mexico – L.Mateos Intermediate
Knowledge and attitude elements
Mexico – V. Caranza Rel. poor
Mexico – S. Fernando Rel. good
Uganda Good
17-21 May 2010 CSM-BGBD Closing Conference 17-21 May 2010 India CSM-BGBD Closing Conference
General characteristics of the benchmark areas: soils and Comparison between benchmark areas – soil fertility
climate constraints (SOC and pH)
6
Brazil
Los Tuxtlas
General characteristics Mexico India_Kerala
5 Benchmark areas in Soil C% 8.0
7.0
8.0
7.0
8.0
7.0
4
Embu Jambi and pH 6.0
5.0
6.0
5.0
6.0
5.0
SOM
SOC
SOC
Lampung 4.0 4.0 4.0
3500 3.0 3.0 3.0
C%
3 2.0 2.0 2.0
Taita
1.0 1.0 1.0
Jambi 0.0
00 0.0
00 0.0
00
2 3000 2.5 3.5 4.5 5.5 6.5 2.5 3.5 4.5 5.5 6.5
Brazil 2.5 3.5 4.5 5.5 6.5
Oumé
Lampung Soil pH Soil pH Soil pH
Kerala
Brazil
1
Nanda Devi
2500
Cote d'Ivore Kenya Embu India Himalaya
Mabira
0 Los Tuxtlas y = 118,17x - 871,81
Rainfall
2
R = 0,4897 8.0 8.0 8.0
3,5 4 4,5 5
20005,5 6 6,5 7
7.0 7.0
Ph 7.0
6.0 6.0 6.0
5.0 5.0
Embu 5.0
SOC
SOC
SOC
1500 Oumé 4.0 4.0 4.0
3.0 3.0 3.0
Taita 2.0 2.0 2.0
Climate: annual 1000
Nanda 1.0
0.0
1.0
0.0
1.0
0.0
temperature and 2.5 3.5 4.5 5.5 6.5 2.5 3.5 4.5 5.5 6.5 2.5 3.5 4.5 5.5 6.5 7.5
Soil pH Soil pH Soil pH
rainfall 500
10 15 20 25 30
Temperature
17-21 May 2010 CSM-BGBD Closing Conference 17-21 May 2010 CSM-BGBD Closing Conference
Characterisation of benchmark sites in terms of soil Soil fertility constraints – Soil pH (acidity) and soil organic
constraints carbon (SOC) are good indicators of soil fertility
d=2
Brazil India_Kerala Brazil ‐ Benjamin Constant Land use influences soil
8.0 8.0 chemical characteristics
7.0 7.0 Eigenvalues F2=17.97% d=2
6.0 6.0
5.0 5.0
SOM
SOC
4.0 4.0
3.0 3.0 78
80
2.0 2.0
77
1.0
10 1.0
10 83
pH Fe Croplands
0.0 0.0 Grasslands
5 15 25 35 45 55 65 5 15 25 35 45 55 65 72 74 81
TBS
Prem 52 14
39
67
71
73
68
70 Forests
Clay Clay
64
54
Zn62 3
56
44 19 59
49 53 79
Bsat 41
4847
61 69 29
17 75
82
F1=37.70%
Kenya Embu Mexico 63 60
24 32 37
8
15 43 10
66
40
57
38 Cu
65 6 76 9
55
8.0 8.0 Mn 2616 P
42
S 58
5
12 7
7.0 7.0 45 22 13
51 Al_S
18 1
Ca OM 20
50 4
28
6.0 6.0 21
46
2 36
5.0 5.0 23
SB K B 11
SOC
SOC
4.0 4.0 27
31
3.0 3.0
Mg 30 TN 25 33
2.0 2.0 Al
34
Monte Carlo significance test
35
1.0 1.0 H_Al
0.0 0.0 (a) Brazil P values =0.001
5 15 25 35 45 55 65 5 15 25 35 45 55 65 CECe
Clay Clay
explained Inertia 0.1921
CECp
17-21 May 2010 CSM-BGBD Closing Conference 17-21 May 2010 CSM-BGBD Closing Conference
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