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UGCENDOCRINOLOGÍAYNUTRICIÓN
HOSPITALVIRGENMACARENA.SEVILLA
DTRA UGC: DRA RABAT
FEAS: DR.MARTIN , DRA.CUESTA, DRA.FERNANDEZ, DRA GONZALEZ,DRA
HERNANDEZ, DR TORRES, DRA.SERRANO, DRA CAMPOS, DR.MORALES, DRA
GARCIA, DRA OLIVA, DRA TOUS, DR. JIMENEZ ENFERMERIA: MAR CASADO,
CARMEN POLVILLO, PEPA MUÑIZ, SAFA ALMUSTANI, ANA Mª MORALES, JOSEFA
BARRIOS , Mª DOLORES GARCIA INVESTIGACION: IRENE CABALLERO,MARIOLA
MENDEZ , ALICIA JUSTE, MARIA ESLAVA, MARISA MOYA, MARIA LUISA GARCIA,
MARIA JOSE POLVILLO, MARIA DUQUE, CARLOS GARCIA, PILAR ALARCON,
MARIA CORONEL, JOSE MANUEL CARRETERO.SILVIA SALAZAR MIR: CARLOS
ARANA, LUNA FLORENCIO, MARIA SEVILLANO, ROCIO DOMINGUEZ
#ENDO-mac#ENDO-mac
i-MACDIABETES ENDOCRINO & NUTRICION
U N I D A D D E I N V E S T I G A C I O N
81 ENSAYOS CLINICOS
F2-F3-F4
41 INVESTIGADOR PRINCIPAL
6 COORDINADOR NACIONAL
32 SUBINVESTIGADOR
OBESIDAD
TRATAMIENTOS
ANTI-OBESIDAD
INTRO: DIABESIDAD
Conoce a tu enemigo
iSGLT2 & DM2
Conoce a tu ejercito
iSGLT2 EN LAS GUIAS
Planifica la estrategia
iSGLT2 EN OBESIDAD
1501-1504
2015
@Cristob_Morales
@Cristob_Morales
OBESITY
COMING
IS
@Cristob_Morales
@Cristob_Morales
DI@BETES
>18AÑOS
13,8% DIABETES
6.0% DM NO DIAGNOSTICADA
7,8% DM DIAGNOSTICADA
14,8% PRE-DIABETES
@Cristob_Morales
ME ENGORDA EL AGUA
“TENGO UN POCO DE AZUCAR”
“Pero de la buena”
FUMO LO NORMAL
NO SOY HIPERTENSO, PERO TOMO
2 PASTILLAS PA LA TENSION (CUANDO
ME ACUERDO)
NO PUEDO TENER EL COLESTEROL
ALTO ME TOMO TODOS LOS DIAS UN DANACOL
@Cristob_Morales
@Cristob_Morales
Aunque los objetivos parezcan imposibles…
ENDO SIEMPRE AL ATAQUE!!
Ocasión de Gol de Yasushi Endo. Final del Mundial de Clubs, Real Madrid vs Kashima 17Dic16
EXERCISE/EATING
@Cristob_Morales
b-cell
Secreción
alterada de
insulina
a-cell
Aumento
secreción
Glucagón
Aumento
reabsorción
glucosa
Aumento
producción glucosa
Lipólisis
aumentada
Captación
glucosa
disminuida
Efecto
disminuidos
incretinas
Disfunción Neuro-
transmisores
CR.MORALES_2016
b-cell
Secreción
alterada de
insulina
a-cell
Aumento
secreción
Glucagón
Aumento
reabsorción
glucosa
Aumento
producción
glucosa
Lipólisis
aumentada
Captación
glucosa
disminuida
Efecto
disminuidos
incretinas
Disfunción Neuro-
transmisores
CR.MORALES_2016
Fisiopatología y farmacoterapia de la hiperglucemia de la DM2
SU/REPA
AgGLP-1
iDPP4
AgGLP1
i-DPP4
METF/TZDs
i-DPP4/ AgGLP1
TZDsiSGLT-2
METF
TZDs
B B C SM N
METFORMINA
SGLT2
GLP1
El TRIDENTE
OFENSIVO en
DIABESIDAD
@Cristob_Morales
M S G
En las nuevas guías de diabetes AACE17, ADA17
INTRO: DIABESIDAD
Conoce a tu enemigo
iSGLT2 & DM2
Conoce a tu ejercito
iSGLT2 EN LAS GUIAS
Planifica la estrategia
iSGLT2 EN OBESIDAD
@Cristob_Morales
Inhibidor
SGLT-2
Los iSGLT-2 reducen la
reabsorción de glucosa en el
túbulo proximal,
produciendo
Glucosuria
diuresis osmótica
Pérdida calórica
Inhibidores del SGLT-2: mecanismo de acción
Glucosuria ≈ 70-78 g/día
Pérdida de ≈ 312 kcal/día
Gerich JE. Diabet Med .2010;27:136-42.
SGLT-1
SGLT 2 se localiza principalmente a nivel renal
y SGLT1 en el intestino
 La deficiencia de SGLT1 debida a mutaciones, puede contribuir a un síndrome de malabsorción congénito de malabsorción
intestinal de glucosa y galactosa, hecho que conlleva la aparición de diarrea grave a menos que se retire la lactosa de la dieta
 Los pacientes con glucosuria renal familiar (una alteración genética de SGLT2), no presentan consecuencias clínicas adversas
relacionadas con la reabsorción alterada de glucosa en el riñón
Bays, H. Curr Med Res Opin. 2009;25(3):671-81
SGLT1: Cotransportador sodio-glucosa tipo 1; SGLT2: Cotransportador sodio-glucosa tipo 2
Excreción urinaria de
glucosa iSGLT2
1. Ficha técnica Jardiance®.
2. Ficha técnica Forxiga®.
3 Ficha técnica Invokana®.
DAPA
70g/día (2)
EMPA
78g/día (1)
CANA300
119g/día (3)
CANA100
77g/día (3)
@Cristob_Morales
@cristob_morales
Más allá de la
A1c…
En la elección terapéutica
@Cristob_Morales
A1c
Peso
GPA/GPP
TA, FC
En Ancianoshipoglucemias
Seguridad
Cardiovascular
Add On
Fármaco ideal en DM2
Micro/macro
albuminuria
iSGLT2 iSGLT2
LA METFORMINA
DEL SIGLO XXI
EFICACES: A1c
(=)
PERDIDA DE PESO
(+)
NO HIPOs
(=)
SEGURIDAD CVS
(+)
FRIENDLY: Combinables con todo
(=)
NO
RECOMENDADO
USO CON FGE<45
EF 2 MÁS
FRECUENTE
GI / GU
@Cristob_Morales
SGLT2
SGLT2
Arteriola aferente
Arteriola eferente
Asa deHenle
reduce la presión
intraglomerular
FG
Glucosa
INHIBICIÓN SGLT2
Hemodinámica renal con i-SGLT2
SGLT2
TCP
TCP: Túbulo ContorneadoProximal
GL: Glomérulo
MD: Macula densa
Mecanismos fisiológicos implicados en la
protección cardiovascular y renal tras
inhibición de SGLT2
Heerspink HL. Circulation. 2016;134:752–772
@Cristob_Morales
Canagliflozina:
Desarrollo Clínico: 9 Estudios Fase III
*La superioridad estadística de canagliflozina fue demostrada en la reducción de la HbA1c. Estudios DIA3006, DIA3009, DIA3015
7. Janssen Research & Development. Canagliflozin as an Adjunctive Treatment to Diet and Exercise Alone or Co-administered with Other Antihyperglycemic Agents to Improve Glycemic Control in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Advisory Committee
Briefing Document. 2013
Monotherapy
Dual Combination Triple Combination Insulin +/- oral(s)
Pbo-control
H2H
Ensayos en poblaciones especiales de pacientes con dm2
Estudios controlados con placebo / añadido al tratamiento AD habitual
Pacientes ancianos – Seguridad ósea y
composición corporal
(DIA3010)
26 / 78 semanas N=716
Insuficiencia renal
(DIA3004)
26 / 26 semanas N=269
Estudio de seguridad CV
(DIA3008: CANVAS)
N=4.330
Combo con SU
(Substudio DIA3008)
18 semanas N=127
Combo con MET/SU (DIA3002)
26 / 26 semanas N=469
Combo con INSULINA
(Substudio DIA3008)
18 semanas N=1.718
Monoterapia (DIA3005)
26 / 26 semanas N=584
Combo con MET/PIO
(DIA3012)
26 / 26 semanas N=342
Combo con MET vs GLIM (DIA3009)
52 / 52 semanas N=1.450
Combo con MET/SU vs SITA
(DIA3015)
52 semanas N=755
Monoterapia Doble Terapia Triple Terapia Insulina +/- oral(s)
Combo con MET vs SITA
(DIA3006)
26 / 26 semanas N=1.284
ClinicalTrials.gov (acceso julio de 2014). Kovacs, et al. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2014;16:147-58. Roden M, et al. Lancet Diabetes Endorinol. 2013;1(3):208-19. Häring HU, et al. Diabetes Care.
2014;37:1650-59. Häring HU, et al. Diabetes Care. 2013;36:3396-404. Zinman B, et al. Cardiovascular diabetology. 2014;13:102. Ridderstrale M, et al. Cardiovascular Diabetology. 2013;12:129.
Ridderstrale M, et al. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol Published Online June 16, 2014. Barnett AH, et al. Lancet Diabetes Endorinol. 2014;2:369-84. Rosenstock J, et al. Diabetes care. 2014;37:1815-23.
> 14.500
pacientes
EMPA-REG PIO™
Combinación con Met/Pio
EMPA-REG MONO™
Monoterapia
EMPA-REG MET/METSU™
Combinación con Met ± Su
EMPA-REG OUTCOME™
Resultados cardiovasculares
EMPA-REG EXTEND™
Seguridad a largo plazo (.19, .20, .23)
EMPA-REG H2H-SU™
H2H vs. Su
EMPA-REG RENAL™
Insuficiencia renal
EMPA-REG BP™
ABPM Estudio
EMPA-REG MDI™
Combinación con MDI
EMPA-REG COMBOJAPAN™
Combinación a largo plazo Japón
Calendario (FPI-LPO): Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Q3
~ 499 pts
~ 986 pts
~ 1.504 pts
~ 2.705 pts
~ 741 pts
~ 825 pts
~ 563 pts
~ 1.162 pts
~ 7.000 pts
~ 1.549 pts
EMPA-REG BASAL™
Combinación con insulina basal ~ 494 pts
Empagliflozina:
EECC F3
Dapagliflozina:
Programa de desarrollo clínico de Fase III
Fase III
N=5693
Monoterapia
n=840
Terapia añadida
n=2369
Comparativos
n=2050
Combinación con SU
n=596
Terapia añadida a
metformina=546
Poblaciones especiales
n=434
Monoterapia
n=558
Dosis bajas
n=282
Terapia añadida a
pioglitazona*
n=420
Terapia añadida
a insulina
n=807
Insuficiencia renal moderada
n=252
Composición corporal por
DXA
n=182
Combinación con metformina
comparado con SU
n=814
Dapagliflozina 10 mg combinada
con metformina XR**
n=638
Dapagliflozina
5 mg combinada con metformina
XR**
n=598
DXA: Absorciometría dual de rayos X; SU: Sulfonilurea; XR: Liberación prolongada.
* No se recomienda la administración conjunta de dapagliflozina con pioglitazona; ** Metformina XR no está comercializada en España.
Pooled data
-0.62
-0.74
-0.57
-0.48
-0.64
-0.46
-0.52
-0.68
-0.85
-0.64
-0.61 -0.59 -0.62
-0.68
-1.2
-1.0
-0.8
-0.6
-0.4
-0.2
0.0
Empagliflozin change from baseline in A1c*
pooled Phase III placebo-corrected
*All statistically significant. †Error bar represents 95% CI.
1. Hach et al. Diabetes 2013;62(suppl 1A):A21(P69-LB). 2. Roden et al. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2013;1:208‒19.
3. Häring et al. Diabetes Care 2014;37:1650–9. 4. Kovacs et al. Diabetes Obes Met 2014;16:147‒58.
5. Häring et al. Diabetes Care 2013;36:3396‒3404. 6. Rosenstock et al. Diabetes 2013;(suppl 1):(1102-P).
7. Barnett et al. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2014;2:369‒84
Pooled1 Monotherapy2
MET3 PIO4 MET + SU5
Insulin
78-week6 Mild RI7
Patients, n 831 821 224 224 217 213 165 168 225 216 169 155 98 97
BL HbA1c (%) 7.98 7.96 7.87 7.86 7.94 7.86 8.07 8.06 8.07 8.10 8.27 8.27 8.02 7.96
Adjustedmean(SE)differencevsplacebo
inchangefrombaselineinHbA1c(%)
†
†
†
†
†
†
Empagliflozin 10 mg QD Empagliflozin 25 mg QD
A1c
Empagliflozin change from baseline in body weight*
pooled Phase III placebo-corrected
33
Pooled data
-1.8
-1.9
-1.6
-2.0
-1.8
-1.4-2.0
-2.2
-2.0
-1.8
-2.0
-2.0-3.0
-2.5
-2.0
-1.5
-1.0
-0.5
0.0
Pooled1 Monotherapy2
MET3 PIO4 MET + SU5
Insulin
78-week Mild RI6
N/A N/A
Adjustedmean(SE)differencevsplacebo
inchangefrombaselineinbodyweight(kg)
Patients, n 831 821 224 224 217 213 165 168 225 216 N/A N/A 98 97
BL BW (kg) 78.8 79.1 78.4 77.8 81.6 82.2 78.0 78.9 77.1 77.5 91.6 94.7 92.1 88.1
†
†
†
†
†
†
*All statistically significant. †Error bar represents 95% CI. N/A, published data not available.
1. Hach et al. Diabetes 2013;62(suppl 1A):A21(P69-LB). 2. Roden et al. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2013;1:208‒19.
3. Häring et al. Diabetes Care 2014;37:1650–9. 4. Kovacs et al. Diabetes Obes Met 2014;16:147‒58.
5. Häring et al. Diabetes Care 2013;36:3396‒3404. 6. Barnett et al. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2014;2:369‒84.
Empagliflozin 10 mg QD Empagliflozin 25 mg QD
Empagliflozin is not indicated for weight loss. Weight change was a secondary endpoint in clinical trials
Kg
Dapagliflozin: HbA1c change from baseline
in Short-term (Week 24) Phase III trials
-0.23
-0.30
-0.52
-0.13
-0.17
+0.04
-0.42
-0.30
-0.89
-0.84
-0.52
-0.82
-0.86
-0.45
-0.97
-0.90
-1.2
-1
-0.8
-0.6
-0.4
-0.2
0
0.2
Comparator Dapagliflozin 10 mg
34
*p ≤ 0.0001 vs placebo. †Least-squares mean adjusted for baseline value.
1. Forxiga 5-mg and 10-mg film-coated tablets [SPC]. Bristol-Myers Squibb/AstraZeneca EEIG, 18 December 2013.
2. Rosenstock et al. Diabetes Care 2012;35:1473–8.
75 70 137 135 401 400 145 151 108 108 224 223 139 140 193 194
7.79 8.01 8.11 7.92 7.74 7.69 8.15 8.07 8.24 8.08 7.97 7.90 8.34 8.37 8.46 8.58
HbA1cmeanchange
frombaseline(%)†
*
*
*
*
(Week 52 data)
*
*
*
Add-on
INS1
Mono-
therapy1
Add-on
MET1
Add-on
MET vs GLP1
Add-on
GLM1
Add-on
PIO2
Add-on
SU + MET1
Add-on
SITA ± MET1
PBO+
SITA ± MET
PBO PBO +
MET
GLP + MET PBO +
GLM
PBO +
PIO
PBO +
INS
PBO+
SU + MET
Comparator
n
BL HbA1c (%)
Study
A1c
Dapagliflozin: body weight change from baseline
in Short-term (Week 24) Phase III trials
-2.2
-0.9
1.4
-0.7
-0.6
-0.3 1.6
0.0
-3.2
-2.9
-3.2
-2.3
-2.7
-2.1
-0.1
-1.7
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
Comparator Dapagliflozin 10 mg
35
*p < 0.0001 vs placebo. †Least-squares mean adjusted for baseline value.
1. Forxiga 5-mg and 10-mg film-coated tablets [SPC]. Bristol-Myers Squibb/AstraZeneca EEIG, 18 December 2013.
2. Whaley et al. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2012;5:135–48. 3. Rosenstock et al. Diabetes Care 2012;35:1473–8 .
75 70 137 135 401 400 145 151 108 108 224 223 139 140 193 194
88.8 94.2 87.7 86.3 87.6 88.4 80.9 80.6 90.1 88.6 89.2 91.0 86.4 84.8 94.5 94.5
Bodyweightmeanchange
frombaseline(kg)†
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
(Week 52 data)
n
BL BW (kg)
Study
PBO +
SITA ± MET
PBO PBO
+ MET
GLP + MET PBO +
GLM
PBO +
PIO
PBO +
INS
PBO +
SU + MET
Add-on
INS1,2
Mono-
therapy1,2
Add-on
MET1,2
Add-on
MET vs GLP1
Add-on
GLM1,2
Add-on
PIO3
Add-on
SU + MET1
Add-on
SITA ± MET1
Comparator
Kg
Canagliflozin: HbA1c change from baseline
in Phase III trials
0.14
-0.17
0.04
-0.13
-0.26
0.01
-0.81
-0.66
-0.77 -0.79
-0.70
-0.85
-0.89
-0.63
-0.82
-1.03
-0.94
-0.79
-1.06 -1.03
-0.72
-0.93
-1.03
-1.2
-1
-0.8
-0.6
-0.4
-0.2
0
0.2
Comparator Canagliflozin 100 mg Canagliflozin 300 mg
36
*p < 0.001 vs comparator. †Least-squares mean adjusted for baseline value.
Invokana (canagliflozin) tablets Prescribing Information. Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Inc., March 2013.
HbA1cmeanchange
frombaseline(%)†
* * *
*
*
*
n
BL HbA1c (%)
*
* *
**
*
*
*
Weeks
Add-on
MET + SU vs SITA
52
Mono-
therapy
26
Add-on
MET
26
Add-on
SU
18
Add-on
MET + SU
26
Add-on
MET vs GLM
52
Add-on
MET + PIO
26
Add-on
INS1
18
Placebo-controlled
PBO +
INS
PBO PBO
+ MET
PBO +
SU
PBO +
SU + MET
GLM + MET SITA +
MET + SU
PBO +
MET + PIO
Comparator
Active-controlled
192 195 197 183 368 367 45 42 40 156 157 156 115 113 114 565 566 587 482 483 485 378 377
7.97 8.06 8.01 7.96 7.94 7.95 8.49 8.29 8.28 8.12 8.13 8.13 8.00 7.99 7.84 8.20 8.33 8.27 7.83 7.78 7.79 8.13 8.12
A1c
Canagliflozin: Body weight change from baseline
in Phase III trials
-0.6
-1.2
-0.7
-0.1
0.1
1.0
0.3
-2.8
-3.7
-2.1
-2.8
-1.8
-4.2
-3.9
-4.2
-2.6
-3.8
-2.3
-4.7
-2.5
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
Comparator Canagliflozin 100 mg Canagliflozin 300 mg
*p < 0.001 vs comparator. †Least-squares mean adjusted for baseline value.
Invokana (canagliflozin) tablets Prescribing Information. Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Inc., March 2013.
Bodyweightmeanchange
frombaseline(kg)†
192 195 197 183 368 367 156 157 156 115 113 114 565 566 587 482 483 485 378 377
87.5 85.9 86.9 86.7 88.7 85.4 90.8 93.5 93.5 94.0 94.2 94.4 97.7 96.9 96.7 86.6 86.8 86.6 89.6 87.6
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
Weeks
Placebo-controlled
Add-on
INS
18
PBO +
INS
Mono-
therapy
26
PBO
Add-on
MET
26
PBO
+MET
Add-on
MET + SU
26
PBO +
SU + MET
Add-on
MET + PIO
26
PBO +
MET + PIO
Add-on
MET vs GLM
52
GLM + MET
Add-on
MET + SU vs SITA
52
SITA +
MET + SU
Comparator
Active-controlled
n
BL BW (kg)
Kg
Storgaard H, et al. Effects of sodium glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors in patients with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review with meta-analysis of randomised clinical trials. P856 EASD Vienna, 2014.
Cambio en el peso corporal (kg) después de, al menos, 12 semanas de tratamiento. Metaanálisis de los efectos aleatorios de los iSGLT-2 versus control activo. Los resultados
se presentan como diferencias medias (DM), con intervalos de confianza (IC) del 95%. Dapa: dapagliflozina; Cana: canagliflozina; Empa: empagliflozina.
iSGLT-2: Reducción de peso vs. placebo
Kg
DAPA
-2,0 Kg (-2,3,-1,7)
CANA
-2,5 Kg (-2,8,-2,1)
EMPA
-2,1 Kg (-2,3,-1,9)
Storgaard H, et al. Effects of sodium glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors in patients with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review with meta-analysis of randomised clinical trials. P856 EASD Vienna, 2014.
Cambio en el peso corporal (kg) después de, al menos, 12 semanas de tratamiento. Metaanálisis de los efectos aleatorios de los iSGLT-2 versus control activo. Los resultados se presentan como diferencias
medias (DM), con intervalos de confianza (IC) del 95%. Dapa: dapagliflozina; Cana: canagliflozina; Empa: empagliflozina.
iSGLT-2. Reducción de peso vs. control activo
Kg
vs METF
-1,3Kg
(-1,8,-0,7)
vs SU
-4,7Kg
(-4,8,-4,7)
vs SITA
-2,5Kg
(-2,7,-2,3)
RESUMEN DE EFICACIA iSGLT2
Diferencia media vs. placebo IC (95%)
HbA1c – 0,73% –0,80, –0,65
Peso – 2,1 Kg –2,3, –1,9
TAS – 4,6 mmHg –5,2, –3,7
TAD – 2,0 mmHg –2,4, –1,5
3.165 pacientes randomizados a iSGLT-2 y 3.010 pacientes a placebo.
Metaanálisis de 30 ensayos clínicos controlados de inhibidores iSGLT-2 (canagliflozina, dapagliflozina y empagliflozina). Ensayos clínicos controlados con placebo (26), de los cuales cuatro
incluyeron control activo, así como cuatro ensayos clínicos adicionales.
Storgaard H, et al. Effects of sodium glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors in patients with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review with meta-analysis of randomised clinical trials. P856 EASD Vienna, 2014.
KgA1c TA
ENSAYOS
CLINICOS
VIDA
REAL
@Cristob_Morales
All patients initiated on dapa (n=2401)
All patients fulfilling inclusion
criteria (n=1732) (ALL)
Triple therapy
(n=480)
Add-on to insulin
(n=332)
Dual (Add-on MET)
(n=435)
Selection of most common treatment
groups* (n=1247)
* Based on the recorded treatment receiving within 3 months after dapagliflozin initiation, Including enough patients to allow for the predefined analysis, and in line with
existing RCT data
• Presented at Presented at EASD 2015, Stockholm, 14-18 September 2015
Changes in HbA1c and weight in type 2 diabetes patients
initiating dapagliflozin treatment in routine UK primary care
Treatment groups Dual (add-on to MET) TripleƗ Add-on to Insulin
RWE5 study /RCTs* 1-4 RWE5 Bailey1,2 RWE5 Matthaei3 RWE5 Wilding4
Nr of patients 435 135 480 108 332 194
Age (years) 55.6 52.7 59.1 61.1 57.6 59.3
Male (%) 55% 57% 61% 43% 56% 45%
Years since diagnosis 6.7 6.1 8.8 9.3 13.0 14.2
Baseline HbA1c (%) 9.15 7.92 9.36 8.08 9.90 8.57
Baseline weight (kg) 106.0 86.3 99.8 88.6 103.9 94.5
• Baseline data in the dapagliflozin 10mg group
Baseline characteristics: RWE study vs RCT
1. Bailey et al., BMC Medicine. 2013;11:43 2. Bailey et al. Lancet 2010; 375: 2223–33 3. Matthaei et al., Diabetes Care. 2015; 38:365-372 4. Wilding et al.
Ann Intern Med 2012;156:405–15 5. Wilding et al., EASD 2015, 14-18 sept, Abstract #737Ɨ RCT: MET +SU+ DAPA; RWE: all triple therapy
 Age and time since diagnosis are similar
 HbA1c and weight baseline seem higher
EECC
44
VIDAREAL-RWE
Kg
A1c
Kg
Liraglutide Therapy for Type 2 Diabetes: Overcoming Unmet Needs, Åke Sjöholm. Pharmaceuticals 2010, 3, 764-781; doi:10.3390/ph3030764.
¿CON QUE TRATAMIENTO PARA LA DM2 SE PIERDE MAS PESO?
iSGLT2GLP1
SU CON NINGUNO
@Cristob_Morales
A1c
Kg
49
© AstraZeneca 2016
DURATION-8:
a 28-Week, Multinational, Double-blind, Phase III Study
* Includes 1 patient who was wrongly randomized but did not receive treatment.
Note: Study was not powered to compare the individual treatment of EQW alone and DAPA alone.
Elaborado de Frías JP, et al. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2016; 4:1004-16
Secondary Endpoints
Included
• Change in body weight
• Change in FPG
• Change in 2-hour PPG
• Proportion of patients achieving A1C <7%
• Proportion of patients achieving weight loss ≥5%
• Change in seated SBP
0
N=695*
Key Inclusion Criteria:
≥18 y; T2D;
A1C 8-12%; stable dose
MET ≥2 mo
1:1:1
Randomization
DAPA 10 mg + PBO (n=233)
EQW 2 mg + DAPA 10 mg (n=231)
MET ≥1500 mg/day
EQW 2 mg + PBO (n=230)
28
Double-blind treatment period
Exploratory Endpoints
Included
• Change in A1C by baseline A1C
• Change in weight by baseline A1C
Screening
-1
PBO Lead-in period Extension periods
52 104
Primary Endpoint • Change in A1C from baseline
© AstraZeneca 2016
DURATION-8: Baseline Characteristics
Values are presented as mean (standard deviation) unless otherwise stated. Extraído de Frías JP, et al. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2016; 4:1004-16
Characteristic*
EQW+DAPA
n=228
EQW
n=227
DAPA
n=230
Age, years 54 (10) 54 (10) 55 (9)
Male, n (%) 102 (45) 116 (51) 110 (48)
Weight, kg 91.8 (22.2) 89.8 (20.2) 91.1 (19.7)
BMI, kg/m2 33.2 (6.8) 32.0 (5.9) 33.0 (6.1)
BMI group, n (%)
<25 kg/m2 17 (7) 17 (7) 15 (6)
≥25 to <30 kg/m2 71 (31) 78 (34) 57 (25)
≥30 kg/m2 140 (61) 132 (58) 158 (69)
SBP, mm Hg 130.5 (12.2) 129.6 (12.6) 129.7 (13.0)
eGFR, mL/min/1.73m2 97.7 (23.7) 99.4 (26.8) 97.5 (24.0)
Duration of T2D, years 7.6 (6.0) 7.4 (5.5) 7.1 (5.5)
A1C, % 9.3 (1.1) 9.3 (1.1) 9.3 (1.0)
A1C Group, n (%)
<8% 14 (6) 13 (6) 14 (6)
≥8% to <9% 84 (37) 84 (37) 88 (38)
≥9% 130 (57) 130 (57) 128 (56)
FPG, mg/dL 198.8 (46.9) 195.0 (43.5) 195.6 (42.0)
2-hour PPG, mg/dL 269.0 (67.4) 266.0 (66.9) 261.5 (60.2)
© AstraZeneca 2016
DURATION-8: EQW + DAPA Significantly Reduced A1C at Week 28
52
* Difference, p<0.05 vs. EQW; † Difference, p<0.05 vs. DAPA; ‡ Difference, p=0.004; § Difference, p<0.001.
Note: Data is least squares mean change. Error bars show standard errors. Analyzed in the ITT population.
Frías JP, et al. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2016; 4:1004-16
EQW + DAPA (n=228); BL, 9.3%
EQW (n=227); BL, 9.3%
DAPA (n=230); BL, 9.3%
-1.6%
-1.4%
-2.0%
-0.4%‡
-0.6%§
0.0
-0.5
-1.0
-1.5
-2.0
-2.5
0 4 8 12 16 20 24 28
ChangeinA1C,%
Time (weeks)
*
†
*
†
*
† *
†
*
†
*
†
*
†
This information is being provided by AstraZeneca Medical Department as a professional courtesy in response to your request. For further information, please contact AstraZeneca Medical Department.
A1c
© AstraZeneca 2016
DURATION-8:
EQW + DAPA Significantly Reduced Weight from Baseline at Week 28 EQW + DAPA Significantly Reduced SBP from Baseline at W28
Elaborado de Frías JP, et al. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2016; 4:1004-16
Kg
TA
“GRACIAS S.NISSEN: CONTIGO EMPEZO TODO”
@Cristob_Morales
@Cristob_Morales
NEJM, 17Sep15
@Cristob_Morales
PRIMARY OUTCOME: MACE-3
HR 0.86
(95.02% CI 0.74, 0.99)
p=0.0382*
Cumulative incidence function. MACE, Major Adverse Cardiovascular Event; HR, hazard ratio.
* Two-sided tests for superiority were conducted (statistical significance was indicated if p≤0.0498)
-14%
EMPA-REG OUTCOME®
Un nuevo paradigma
*Defined as new onset of macroalbuminuria, doubling of serum creatinine (accompanied by eGFR [MDRD] ≤45 ml/min/1.73m2), initiation of renal
replacement therapy or death due to renal disease; 3P-MACE, 3-point major adverse cardiovascular events
1. Zinman B et al. N Engl J Med 2015;373:2117; 2. Wanner C et al. N Engl J Med 2016 (submitted)
For internal use only. Strictly confidential. Do not copy or distribute externally.
↓ 3P-MACE1
14%
↓ CV death1
38%
↓ All-cause mortality1
32%
↓New or worsening
nephropathy*,2
39%
↓ HF hospitalisations1
35%
@cristob_morales
DIABETES
&
PROTECCION
CARDIO-RENAL
Límite de no-inferioridad7
HR 1,8
Límite de no-inferioridad7
HR 1,3
Hazard ratio (HR)
Ensayo clínico Fármaco Resultado
principal
EXAMINE1 alogliptina MACE
SAVOR-TIMI-532 saxagliptina MACE
TECOS3 sitagliptina MACE + AI
ELIXA4 lixisenatida MACE + AI
EMPA-REG5 empagliflozina MACE + AI
LEADER6 liraglutida MACE
SUSTAIN 67 semaglutida MACE
CV cardiovascular; MACE,: episodio cardiovascular adverso grave; AI: angina inestable.
1. White et al. N Engl J Med 2013;369(14):1327–1335; 2. Scirica et al. N Engl J Med 2013;369(14):1317–1326; 3. Green et al. N Engl J Med 2015;16;373(3):232–242; 4. PfefferMA et al. N Engl J Med 2015;373:2247–2257; 5. ZinmanB et al. N Engl J Med.
2015;373(22):2117-287; 6. Marso SP et al. N Engl J Med 2016; DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa1603827; 7. Hirshberg B, Raz I. Diabetes Obes Metab 2011;34(Suppl. 2):S101–S106. 7.
0,8 1,0 1,2 1.4 1,6 1,8 2,00,6
EECC SEGURIDAD CARDIOVASCULAR
EN ANTIDIABÉTICOS (DM2)
Ensayo Tratamiento
∆HbA1c
(%)
Lipidos
PAS
(mm Hg)
FG – CKD-EPI
(ml/min/1,73 m2)
Pérdida de peso
(kg)
Vida media
(horas)
SAVOR-TIMI 531
Saxagliptin
-0,2 No informado No informado No informado No informado -
Placebo
TECOS2
Sitagliptin
-0,3 No informado No informado -1,3 No informado -
Placebo
ELIXA3
Lixisenatide
-0,3 No informado -0,8 No informado -0,7 ~3
Placebo
EXAMINE4
Alogliptin
-0,4 No informado No informado No informado No informado -
Placebo
EMPA-REG5
Empagliflozin 25
-0,4
Aumento del
cHDL -4 ~-46
-2 -
Placebo
LEADER7
Liraglutide
-0,4
Sin diferencia
global -1,2 0,6 -,2.3 ~13
Placebo
SUSTAIN6
Semaglutide0,5
Semaglutide1,0
Placebo
-0,66
-1,05
-1,27
-2,59
~
-2,87
-4,35
7días
Algunos datos han sido redondeados. Los resultados referentes al estudio LEADER se refieren a los 3 años de seguimiento. CV: cardiovascular; FG – CKD-EPI: filtrado glomerular – chronic kidney disease epidemiology collaboration; HbA1c: hemoglobina
glicada; HDL: lipoproteínas de alta densidad.1. Scirica BM et al N Engl J Med 2013;369:1317‒1326; 2. Green JB et al N Engl J Med 2015;373:232‒242; 3. Pfeffer M et al N Engl J Med 2015;373:2247-57; 4. White WB et al. N Engl J Med
2013;369:1327‒1335; 5. Zinman B et al N Engl J Med 2015;373(22):2117-28; 6. Wanner C. Presentado en el National Kidney Week 2015, San Diego; 7. Marso SP et al. N Eng J Med 2016; DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa1603827.
MÁS ALLA DEL CONTROL GLUCEMICO
@cristob_morales
ESTUDIOS QUE HAN DEMOSTRADO
SEGURIDAD CARDIOVASCULAR EN
DM2
ALGO IMPORTANTE VA A PASAR…
JUN17
2019
@cristob_morales
“The EMPAREG AGE vs iSGLT2 AGE” by @moreno_perez_o
SOTAGLIFLOZINA (LX4211)
INTRO: DIABESIDAD
Conoce a tu enemigo
iSGLT2 & DM2
Conoce a tu ejercito
iSGLT2 EN LAS GUIAS
Planifica la estrategia
iSGLT2 EN OBESIDAD
@Cristob_Morales
LAS GUIAS DE DIABETES Y YO
CR.MORALES2017
CR.MORALES2017
GUIAS INTERNACIONALES DE DIABETES 2016-17
CR.MORALES2016
GUIA/RECOMENDACIONES NACIONALES DE DIABETES
redGDPSPACIENTEANCIANO
DIABETESYOBESIDADPIDMA2016
Pharmacologic Approaches to
Glycemic Treatment
Diabetes Care 2017;40(Suppl. 1):S64–S74 |
DOI: 10.2337/dc17-S011
“Con posibilidades de combinaciones ilimitadas , la clave del éxito será la
personalización del tratamiento”
@cristob_morales
RECOMENDACIONES ADA2017 EN DM2: “todos con todas”
INTRO: DIABESIDAD
Conoce a tu enemigo
iSGLT2 & DM2
Conoce a tu ejercito
iSGLT2 EN LAS GUIAS
Planifica la estrategia
iSGLT2 EN OBESIDAD
Kg
One Year of Treatment with Dapagliflozin QD + Exenatide
QW in Obese Adults without Diabetes: Results of an
Open-Label Extension Study
Jan W. Eriksson,1 Per Lundkvist,1 David Sjorstrom,2 Petros Katsogiannos,1 Maria J. Pereira,1 Eva
Johnsson,2
1Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; 2AstraZeneca,
Gothenburg, Sweden
Methods
Eriksson JW, et al. Presented at: 52nd EASD Annual Meeting; September 12-16, 2016; Munich, Germany.
• This 28-week open-label extension study enrolled obese adults without diabetes (BMI 30-45 kg/m2)
Demographics and Baseline Characteristics
Eriksson JW, et al. Presented at: 52nd EASD Annual Meeting; September 12-16, 2016; Munich, Germany.
Values are mean (standard deviation) unless otherwise noted. a Defined as a fasting plasma glucose ≥ 5.6 mmol/L measured just before an OGTT b Defined as a plasma glucose value ≥ 7.8 mmol/L measured
at 120 minutes of an OGTTc Safety analysis set. eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; NA, not available; OGTT, oral glucose tolerance test; PG, prandial glucose
Body Weight Loss at 52 Weeks
Eriksson JW, et al. Presented at: 52nd EASD Annual Meeting; September 12-16, 2016; Munich, Germany.
• Body weight loss at 24 weeks was maintained at 52 weeks
• Participants who switched from PBO to DAPA+EXE at 24 weeks acheived comparable body
weight loss at 52 weeks to those remaining on DAPA+EXE throughout the study
Kg
INTRO: DIABESIDAD
Conoce a tu enemigo
iSGLT2 & DM2
Conoce a tu ejercito
iSGLT2 EN LAS GUIAS
Planifica la estrategia
iSGLT2 EN OBESIDAD
@Cristob_Morales
¿CUÁL ES MEJOR EN DIABESIDAD?
iSGLT2 vs AgGLP1 vs AgDUALES (GLP1/GLUCAGON)
@cristob.morales
@cristob.morales
@cristob.morales
“Para un problema
complejo
dificilmente haya
una solución
simple”
@cristob.morales
@cristob.morales
CR.MORALES
TRABAJO EN EQUIPO
@cristob.morales
CR.MORALES
MUCHAS GRACIAS
Por vuestra atención
Espero que entre todos
ganémos la batalla de la
ObDM
@cristob.morales

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PPT iSGLT2 EN OBESIDAD Y DM2

  • 1.
  • 2.
  • 3.
  • 4. UGCENDOCRINOLOGÍAYNUTRICIÓN HOSPITALVIRGENMACARENA.SEVILLA DTRA UGC: DRA RABAT FEAS: DR.MARTIN , DRA.CUESTA, DRA.FERNANDEZ, DRA GONZALEZ,DRA HERNANDEZ, DR TORRES, DRA.SERRANO, DRA CAMPOS, DR.MORALES, DRA GARCIA, DRA OLIVA, DRA TOUS, DR. JIMENEZ ENFERMERIA: MAR CASADO, CARMEN POLVILLO, PEPA MUÑIZ, SAFA ALMUSTANI, ANA Mª MORALES, JOSEFA BARRIOS , Mª DOLORES GARCIA INVESTIGACION: IRENE CABALLERO,MARIOLA MENDEZ , ALICIA JUSTE, MARIA ESLAVA, MARISA MOYA, MARIA LUISA GARCIA, MARIA JOSE POLVILLO, MARIA DUQUE, CARLOS GARCIA, PILAR ALARCON, MARIA CORONEL, JOSE MANUEL CARRETERO.SILVIA SALAZAR MIR: CARLOS ARANA, LUNA FLORENCIO, MARIA SEVILLANO, ROCIO DOMINGUEZ #ENDO-mac#ENDO-mac
  • 5. i-MACDIABETES ENDOCRINO & NUTRICION U N I D A D D E I N V E S T I G A C I O N 81 ENSAYOS CLINICOS F2-F3-F4 41 INVESTIGADOR PRINCIPAL 6 COORDINADOR NACIONAL 32 SUBINVESTIGADOR
  • 7. INTRO: DIABESIDAD Conoce a tu enemigo iSGLT2 & DM2 Conoce a tu ejercito iSGLT2 EN LAS GUIAS Planifica la estrategia iSGLT2 EN OBESIDAD
  • 12. DI@BETES >18AÑOS 13,8% DIABETES 6.0% DM NO DIAGNOSTICADA 7,8% DM DIAGNOSTICADA 14,8% PRE-DIABETES @Cristob_Morales
  • 13. ME ENGORDA EL AGUA “TENGO UN POCO DE AZUCAR” “Pero de la buena” FUMO LO NORMAL NO SOY HIPERTENSO, PERO TOMO 2 PASTILLAS PA LA TENSION (CUANDO ME ACUERDO) NO PUEDO TENER EL COLESTEROL ALTO ME TOMO TODOS LOS DIAS UN DANACOL @Cristob_Morales
  • 15. Aunque los objetivos parezcan imposibles… ENDO SIEMPRE AL ATAQUE!! Ocasión de Gol de Yasushi Endo. Final del Mundial de Clubs, Real Madrid vs Kashima 17Dic16 EXERCISE/EATING @Cristob_Morales
  • 18. B B C SM N METFORMINA SGLT2 GLP1 El TRIDENTE OFENSIVO en DIABESIDAD @Cristob_Morales M S G En las nuevas guías de diabetes AACE17, ADA17
  • 19. INTRO: DIABESIDAD Conoce a tu enemigo iSGLT2 & DM2 Conoce a tu ejercito iSGLT2 EN LAS GUIAS Planifica la estrategia iSGLT2 EN OBESIDAD @Cristob_Morales
  • 20. Inhibidor SGLT-2 Los iSGLT-2 reducen la reabsorción de glucosa en el túbulo proximal, produciendo Glucosuria diuresis osmótica Pérdida calórica Inhibidores del SGLT-2: mecanismo de acción Glucosuria ≈ 70-78 g/día Pérdida de ≈ 312 kcal/día Gerich JE. Diabet Med .2010;27:136-42. SGLT-1
  • 21. SGLT 2 se localiza principalmente a nivel renal y SGLT1 en el intestino  La deficiencia de SGLT1 debida a mutaciones, puede contribuir a un síndrome de malabsorción congénito de malabsorción intestinal de glucosa y galactosa, hecho que conlleva la aparición de diarrea grave a menos que se retire la lactosa de la dieta  Los pacientes con glucosuria renal familiar (una alteración genética de SGLT2), no presentan consecuencias clínicas adversas relacionadas con la reabsorción alterada de glucosa en el riñón Bays, H. Curr Med Res Opin. 2009;25(3):671-81 SGLT1: Cotransportador sodio-glucosa tipo 1; SGLT2: Cotransportador sodio-glucosa tipo 2
  • 22. Excreción urinaria de glucosa iSGLT2 1. Ficha técnica Jardiance®. 2. Ficha técnica Forxiga®. 3 Ficha técnica Invokana®. DAPA 70g/día (2) EMPA 78g/día (1) CANA300 119g/día (3) CANA100 77g/día (3) @Cristob_Morales
  • 23. @cristob_morales Más allá de la A1c… En la elección terapéutica @Cristob_Morales
  • 24. A1c Peso GPA/GPP TA, FC En Ancianoshipoglucemias Seguridad Cardiovascular Add On Fármaco ideal en DM2 Micro/macro albuminuria
  • 25. iSGLT2 iSGLT2 LA METFORMINA DEL SIGLO XXI EFICACES: A1c (=) PERDIDA DE PESO (+) NO HIPOs (=) SEGURIDAD CVS (+) FRIENDLY: Combinables con todo (=) NO RECOMENDADO USO CON FGE<45 EF 2 MÁS FRECUENTE GI / GU @Cristob_Morales
  • 26. SGLT2 SGLT2 Arteriola aferente Arteriola eferente Asa deHenle reduce la presión intraglomerular FG Glucosa INHIBICIÓN SGLT2 Hemodinámica renal con i-SGLT2 SGLT2 TCP TCP: Túbulo ContorneadoProximal GL: Glomérulo MD: Macula densa
  • 27. Mecanismos fisiológicos implicados en la protección cardiovascular y renal tras inhibición de SGLT2 Heerspink HL. Circulation. 2016;134:752–772
  • 29. Canagliflozina: Desarrollo Clínico: 9 Estudios Fase III *La superioridad estadística de canagliflozina fue demostrada en la reducción de la HbA1c. Estudios DIA3006, DIA3009, DIA3015 7. Janssen Research & Development. Canagliflozin as an Adjunctive Treatment to Diet and Exercise Alone or Co-administered with Other Antihyperglycemic Agents to Improve Glycemic Control in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Advisory Committee Briefing Document. 2013 Monotherapy Dual Combination Triple Combination Insulin +/- oral(s) Pbo-control H2H Ensayos en poblaciones especiales de pacientes con dm2 Estudios controlados con placebo / añadido al tratamiento AD habitual Pacientes ancianos – Seguridad ósea y composición corporal (DIA3010) 26 / 78 semanas N=716 Insuficiencia renal (DIA3004) 26 / 26 semanas N=269 Estudio de seguridad CV (DIA3008: CANVAS) N=4.330 Combo con SU (Substudio DIA3008) 18 semanas N=127 Combo con MET/SU (DIA3002) 26 / 26 semanas N=469 Combo con INSULINA (Substudio DIA3008) 18 semanas N=1.718 Monoterapia (DIA3005) 26 / 26 semanas N=584 Combo con MET/PIO (DIA3012) 26 / 26 semanas N=342 Combo con MET vs GLIM (DIA3009) 52 / 52 semanas N=1.450 Combo con MET/SU vs SITA (DIA3015) 52 semanas N=755 Monoterapia Doble Terapia Triple Terapia Insulina +/- oral(s) Combo con MET vs SITA (DIA3006) 26 / 26 semanas N=1.284
  • 30. ClinicalTrials.gov (acceso julio de 2014). Kovacs, et al. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2014;16:147-58. Roden M, et al. Lancet Diabetes Endorinol. 2013;1(3):208-19. Häring HU, et al. Diabetes Care. 2014;37:1650-59. Häring HU, et al. Diabetes Care. 2013;36:3396-404. Zinman B, et al. Cardiovascular diabetology. 2014;13:102. Ridderstrale M, et al. Cardiovascular Diabetology. 2013;12:129. Ridderstrale M, et al. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol Published Online June 16, 2014. Barnett AH, et al. Lancet Diabetes Endorinol. 2014;2:369-84. Rosenstock J, et al. Diabetes care. 2014;37:1815-23. > 14.500 pacientes EMPA-REG PIO™ Combinación con Met/Pio EMPA-REG MONO™ Monoterapia EMPA-REG MET/METSU™ Combinación con Met ± Su EMPA-REG OUTCOME™ Resultados cardiovasculares EMPA-REG EXTEND™ Seguridad a largo plazo (.19, .20, .23) EMPA-REG H2H-SU™ H2H vs. Su EMPA-REG RENAL™ Insuficiencia renal EMPA-REG BP™ ABPM Estudio EMPA-REG MDI™ Combinación con MDI EMPA-REG COMBOJAPAN™ Combinación a largo plazo Japón Calendario (FPI-LPO): Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 Q3 ~ 499 pts ~ 986 pts ~ 1.504 pts ~ 2.705 pts ~ 741 pts ~ 825 pts ~ 563 pts ~ 1.162 pts ~ 7.000 pts ~ 1.549 pts EMPA-REG BASAL™ Combinación con insulina basal ~ 494 pts Empagliflozina: EECC F3
  • 31. Dapagliflozina: Programa de desarrollo clínico de Fase III Fase III N=5693 Monoterapia n=840 Terapia añadida n=2369 Comparativos n=2050 Combinación con SU n=596 Terapia añadida a metformina=546 Poblaciones especiales n=434 Monoterapia n=558 Dosis bajas n=282 Terapia añadida a pioglitazona* n=420 Terapia añadida a insulina n=807 Insuficiencia renal moderada n=252 Composición corporal por DXA n=182 Combinación con metformina comparado con SU n=814 Dapagliflozina 10 mg combinada con metformina XR** n=638 Dapagliflozina 5 mg combinada con metformina XR** n=598 DXA: Absorciometría dual de rayos X; SU: Sulfonilurea; XR: Liberación prolongada. * No se recomienda la administración conjunta de dapagliflozina con pioglitazona; ** Metformina XR no está comercializada en España.
  • 32. Pooled data -0.62 -0.74 -0.57 -0.48 -0.64 -0.46 -0.52 -0.68 -0.85 -0.64 -0.61 -0.59 -0.62 -0.68 -1.2 -1.0 -0.8 -0.6 -0.4 -0.2 0.0 Empagliflozin change from baseline in A1c* pooled Phase III placebo-corrected *All statistically significant. †Error bar represents 95% CI. 1. Hach et al. Diabetes 2013;62(suppl 1A):A21(P69-LB). 2. Roden et al. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2013;1:208‒19. 3. Häring et al. Diabetes Care 2014;37:1650–9. 4. Kovacs et al. Diabetes Obes Met 2014;16:147‒58. 5. Häring et al. Diabetes Care 2013;36:3396‒3404. 6. Rosenstock et al. Diabetes 2013;(suppl 1):(1102-P). 7. Barnett et al. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2014;2:369‒84 Pooled1 Monotherapy2 MET3 PIO4 MET + SU5 Insulin 78-week6 Mild RI7 Patients, n 831 821 224 224 217 213 165 168 225 216 169 155 98 97 BL HbA1c (%) 7.98 7.96 7.87 7.86 7.94 7.86 8.07 8.06 8.07 8.10 8.27 8.27 8.02 7.96 Adjustedmean(SE)differencevsplacebo inchangefrombaselineinHbA1c(%) † † † † † † Empagliflozin 10 mg QD Empagliflozin 25 mg QD A1c
  • 33. Empagliflozin change from baseline in body weight* pooled Phase III placebo-corrected 33 Pooled data -1.8 -1.9 -1.6 -2.0 -1.8 -1.4-2.0 -2.2 -2.0 -1.8 -2.0 -2.0-3.0 -2.5 -2.0 -1.5 -1.0 -0.5 0.0 Pooled1 Monotherapy2 MET3 PIO4 MET + SU5 Insulin 78-week Mild RI6 N/A N/A Adjustedmean(SE)differencevsplacebo inchangefrombaselineinbodyweight(kg) Patients, n 831 821 224 224 217 213 165 168 225 216 N/A N/A 98 97 BL BW (kg) 78.8 79.1 78.4 77.8 81.6 82.2 78.0 78.9 77.1 77.5 91.6 94.7 92.1 88.1 † † † † † † *All statistically significant. †Error bar represents 95% CI. N/A, published data not available. 1. Hach et al. Diabetes 2013;62(suppl 1A):A21(P69-LB). 2. Roden et al. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2013;1:208‒19. 3. Häring et al. Diabetes Care 2014;37:1650–9. 4. Kovacs et al. Diabetes Obes Met 2014;16:147‒58. 5. Häring et al. Diabetes Care 2013;36:3396‒3404. 6. Barnett et al. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2014;2:369‒84. Empagliflozin 10 mg QD Empagliflozin 25 mg QD Empagliflozin is not indicated for weight loss. Weight change was a secondary endpoint in clinical trials Kg
  • 34. Dapagliflozin: HbA1c change from baseline in Short-term (Week 24) Phase III trials -0.23 -0.30 -0.52 -0.13 -0.17 +0.04 -0.42 -0.30 -0.89 -0.84 -0.52 -0.82 -0.86 -0.45 -0.97 -0.90 -1.2 -1 -0.8 -0.6 -0.4 -0.2 0 0.2 Comparator Dapagliflozin 10 mg 34 *p ≤ 0.0001 vs placebo. †Least-squares mean adjusted for baseline value. 1. Forxiga 5-mg and 10-mg film-coated tablets [SPC]. Bristol-Myers Squibb/AstraZeneca EEIG, 18 December 2013. 2. Rosenstock et al. Diabetes Care 2012;35:1473–8. 75 70 137 135 401 400 145 151 108 108 224 223 139 140 193 194 7.79 8.01 8.11 7.92 7.74 7.69 8.15 8.07 8.24 8.08 7.97 7.90 8.34 8.37 8.46 8.58 HbA1cmeanchange frombaseline(%)† * * * * (Week 52 data) * * * Add-on INS1 Mono- therapy1 Add-on MET1 Add-on MET vs GLP1 Add-on GLM1 Add-on PIO2 Add-on SU + MET1 Add-on SITA ± MET1 PBO+ SITA ± MET PBO PBO + MET GLP + MET PBO + GLM PBO + PIO PBO + INS PBO+ SU + MET Comparator n BL HbA1c (%) Study A1c
  • 35. Dapagliflozin: body weight change from baseline in Short-term (Week 24) Phase III trials -2.2 -0.9 1.4 -0.7 -0.6 -0.3 1.6 0.0 -3.2 -2.9 -3.2 -2.3 -2.7 -2.1 -0.1 -1.7 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 Comparator Dapagliflozin 10 mg 35 *p < 0.0001 vs placebo. †Least-squares mean adjusted for baseline value. 1. Forxiga 5-mg and 10-mg film-coated tablets [SPC]. Bristol-Myers Squibb/AstraZeneca EEIG, 18 December 2013. 2. Whaley et al. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2012;5:135–48. 3. Rosenstock et al. Diabetes Care 2012;35:1473–8 . 75 70 137 135 401 400 145 151 108 108 224 223 139 140 193 194 88.8 94.2 87.7 86.3 87.6 88.4 80.9 80.6 90.1 88.6 89.2 91.0 86.4 84.8 94.5 94.5 Bodyweightmeanchange frombaseline(kg)† * * * * * * * (Week 52 data) n BL BW (kg) Study PBO + SITA ± MET PBO PBO + MET GLP + MET PBO + GLM PBO + PIO PBO + INS PBO + SU + MET Add-on INS1,2 Mono- therapy1,2 Add-on MET1,2 Add-on MET vs GLP1 Add-on GLM1,2 Add-on PIO3 Add-on SU + MET1 Add-on SITA ± MET1 Comparator Kg
  • 36. Canagliflozin: HbA1c change from baseline in Phase III trials 0.14 -0.17 0.04 -0.13 -0.26 0.01 -0.81 -0.66 -0.77 -0.79 -0.70 -0.85 -0.89 -0.63 -0.82 -1.03 -0.94 -0.79 -1.06 -1.03 -0.72 -0.93 -1.03 -1.2 -1 -0.8 -0.6 -0.4 -0.2 0 0.2 Comparator Canagliflozin 100 mg Canagliflozin 300 mg 36 *p < 0.001 vs comparator. †Least-squares mean adjusted for baseline value. Invokana (canagliflozin) tablets Prescribing Information. Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Inc., March 2013. HbA1cmeanchange frombaseline(%)† * * * * * * n BL HbA1c (%) * * * ** * * * Weeks Add-on MET + SU vs SITA 52 Mono- therapy 26 Add-on MET 26 Add-on SU 18 Add-on MET + SU 26 Add-on MET vs GLM 52 Add-on MET + PIO 26 Add-on INS1 18 Placebo-controlled PBO + INS PBO PBO + MET PBO + SU PBO + SU + MET GLM + MET SITA + MET + SU PBO + MET + PIO Comparator Active-controlled 192 195 197 183 368 367 45 42 40 156 157 156 115 113 114 565 566 587 482 483 485 378 377 7.97 8.06 8.01 7.96 7.94 7.95 8.49 8.29 8.28 8.12 8.13 8.13 8.00 7.99 7.84 8.20 8.33 8.27 7.83 7.78 7.79 8.13 8.12 A1c
  • 37. Canagliflozin: Body weight change from baseline in Phase III trials -0.6 -1.2 -0.7 -0.1 0.1 1.0 0.3 -2.8 -3.7 -2.1 -2.8 -1.8 -4.2 -3.9 -4.2 -2.6 -3.8 -2.3 -4.7 -2.5 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 Comparator Canagliflozin 100 mg Canagliflozin 300 mg *p < 0.001 vs comparator. †Least-squares mean adjusted for baseline value. Invokana (canagliflozin) tablets Prescribing Information. Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Inc., March 2013. Bodyweightmeanchange frombaseline(kg)† 192 195 197 183 368 367 156 157 156 115 113 114 565 566 587 482 483 485 378 377 87.5 85.9 86.9 86.7 88.7 85.4 90.8 93.5 93.5 94.0 94.2 94.4 97.7 96.9 96.7 86.6 86.8 86.6 89.6 87.6 * * * * * * * * * * * * * Weeks Placebo-controlled Add-on INS 18 PBO + INS Mono- therapy 26 PBO Add-on MET 26 PBO +MET Add-on MET + SU 26 PBO + SU + MET Add-on MET + PIO 26 PBO + MET + PIO Add-on MET vs GLM 52 GLM + MET Add-on MET + SU vs SITA 52 SITA + MET + SU Comparator Active-controlled n BL BW (kg) Kg
  • 38. Storgaard H, et al. Effects of sodium glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors in patients with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review with meta-analysis of randomised clinical trials. P856 EASD Vienna, 2014. Cambio en el peso corporal (kg) después de, al menos, 12 semanas de tratamiento. Metaanálisis de los efectos aleatorios de los iSGLT-2 versus control activo. Los resultados se presentan como diferencias medias (DM), con intervalos de confianza (IC) del 95%. Dapa: dapagliflozina; Cana: canagliflozina; Empa: empagliflozina. iSGLT-2: Reducción de peso vs. placebo Kg DAPA -2,0 Kg (-2,3,-1,7) CANA -2,5 Kg (-2,8,-2,1) EMPA -2,1 Kg (-2,3,-1,9)
  • 39. Storgaard H, et al. Effects of sodium glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors in patients with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review with meta-analysis of randomised clinical trials. P856 EASD Vienna, 2014. Cambio en el peso corporal (kg) después de, al menos, 12 semanas de tratamiento. Metaanálisis de los efectos aleatorios de los iSGLT-2 versus control activo. Los resultados se presentan como diferencias medias (DM), con intervalos de confianza (IC) del 95%. Dapa: dapagliflozina; Cana: canagliflozina; Empa: empagliflozina. iSGLT-2. Reducción de peso vs. control activo Kg vs METF -1,3Kg (-1,8,-0,7) vs SU -4,7Kg (-4,8,-4,7) vs SITA -2,5Kg (-2,7,-2,3)
  • 40. RESUMEN DE EFICACIA iSGLT2 Diferencia media vs. placebo IC (95%) HbA1c – 0,73% –0,80, –0,65 Peso – 2,1 Kg –2,3, –1,9 TAS – 4,6 mmHg –5,2, –3,7 TAD – 2,0 mmHg –2,4, –1,5 3.165 pacientes randomizados a iSGLT-2 y 3.010 pacientes a placebo. Metaanálisis de 30 ensayos clínicos controlados de inhibidores iSGLT-2 (canagliflozina, dapagliflozina y empagliflozina). Ensayos clínicos controlados con placebo (26), de los cuales cuatro incluyeron control activo, así como cuatro ensayos clínicos adicionales. Storgaard H, et al. Effects of sodium glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors in patients with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review with meta-analysis of randomised clinical trials. P856 EASD Vienna, 2014. KgA1c TA
  • 42. All patients initiated on dapa (n=2401) All patients fulfilling inclusion criteria (n=1732) (ALL) Triple therapy (n=480) Add-on to insulin (n=332) Dual (Add-on MET) (n=435) Selection of most common treatment groups* (n=1247) * Based on the recorded treatment receiving within 3 months after dapagliflozin initiation, Including enough patients to allow for the predefined analysis, and in line with existing RCT data • Presented at Presented at EASD 2015, Stockholm, 14-18 September 2015 Changes in HbA1c and weight in type 2 diabetes patients initiating dapagliflozin treatment in routine UK primary care
  • 43. Treatment groups Dual (add-on to MET) TripleƗ Add-on to Insulin RWE5 study /RCTs* 1-4 RWE5 Bailey1,2 RWE5 Matthaei3 RWE5 Wilding4 Nr of patients 435 135 480 108 332 194 Age (years) 55.6 52.7 59.1 61.1 57.6 59.3 Male (%) 55% 57% 61% 43% 56% 45% Years since diagnosis 6.7 6.1 8.8 9.3 13.0 14.2 Baseline HbA1c (%) 9.15 7.92 9.36 8.08 9.90 8.57 Baseline weight (kg) 106.0 86.3 99.8 88.6 103.9 94.5 • Baseline data in the dapagliflozin 10mg group Baseline characteristics: RWE study vs RCT 1. Bailey et al., BMC Medicine. 2013;11:43 2. Bailey et al. Lancet 2010; 375: 2223–33 3. Matthaei et al., Diabetes Care. 2015; 38:365-372 4. Wilding et al. Ann Intern Med 2012;156:405–15 5. Wilding et al., EASD 2015, 14-18 sept, Abstract #737Ɨ RCT: MET +SU+ DAPA; RWE: all triple therapy  Age and time since diagnosis are similar  HbA1c and weight baseline seem higher
  • 45. Kg Liraglutide Therapy for Type 2 Diabetes: Overcoming Unmet Needs, Åke Sjöholm. Pharmaceuticals 2010, 3, 764-781; doi:10.3390/ph3030764. ¿CON QUE TRATAMIENTO PARA LA DM2 SE PIERDE MAS PESO? iSGLT2GLP1 SU CON NINGUNO @Cristob_Morales
  • 46.
  • 47. A1c
  • 48. Kg
  • 49. 49
  • 50. © AstraZeneca 2016 DURATION-8: a 28-Week, Multinational, Double-blind, Phase III Study * Includes 1 patient who was wrongly randomized but did not receive treatment. Note: Study was not powered to compare the individual treatment of EQW alone and DAPA alone. Elaborado de Frías JP, et al. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2016; 4:1004-16 Secondary Endpoints Included • Change in body weight • Change in FPG • Change in 2-hour PPG • Proportion of patients achieving A1C <7% • Proportion of patients achieving weight loss ≥5% • Change in seated SBP 0 N=695* Key Inclusion Criteria: ≥18 y; T2D; A1C 8-12%; stable dose MET ≥2 mo 1:1:1 Randomization DAPA 10 mg + PBO (n=233) EQW 2 mg + DAPA 10 mg (n=231) MET ≥1500 mg/day EQW 2 mg + PBO (n=230) 28 Double-blind treatment period Exploratory Endpoints Included • Change in A1C by baseline A1C • Change in weight by baseline A1C Screening -1 PBO Lead-in period Extension periods 52 104 Primary Endpoint • Change in A1C from baseline
  • 51. © AstraZeneca 2016 DURATION-8: Baseline Characteristics Values are presented as mean (standard deviation) unless otherwise stated. Extraído de Frías JP, et al. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2016; 4:1004-16 Characteristic* EQW+DAPA n=228 EQW n=227 DAPA n=230 Age, years 54 (10) 54 (10) 55 (9) Male, n (%) 102 (45) 116 (51) 110 (48) Weight, kg 91.8 (22.2) 89.8 (20.2) 91.1 (19.7) BMI, kg/m2 33.2 (6.8) 32.0 (5.9) 33.0 (6.1) BMI group, n (%) <25 kg/m2 17 (7) 17 (7) 15 (6) ≥25 to <30 kg/m2 71 (31) 78 (34) 57 (25) ≥30 kg/m2 140 (61) 132 (58) 158 (69) SBP, mm Hg 130.5 (12.2) 129.6 (12.6) 129.7 (13.0) eGFR, mL/min/1.73m2 97.7 (23.7) 99.4 (26.8) 97.5 (24.0) Duration of T2D, years 7.6 (6.0) 7.4 (5.5) 7.1 (5.5) A1C, % 9.3 (1.1) 9.3 (1.1) 9.3 (1.0) A1C Group, n (%) <8% 14 (6) 13 (6) 14 (6) ≥8% to <9% 84 (37) 84 (37) 88 (38) ≥9% 130 (57) 130 (57) 128 (56) FPG, mg/dL 198.8 (46.9) 195.0 (43.5) 195.6 (42.0) 2-hour PPG, mg/dL 269.0 (67.4) 266.0 (66.9) 261.5 (60.2)
  • 52. © AstraZeneca 2016 DURATION-8: EQW + DAPA Significantly Reduced A1C at Week 28 52 * Difference, p<0.05 vs. EQW; † Difference, p<0.05 vs. DAPA; ‡ Difference, p=0.004; § Difference, p<0.001. Note: Data is least squares mean change. Error bars show standard errors. Analyzed in the ITT population. Frías JP, et al. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2016; 4:1004-16 EQW + DAPA (n=228); BL, 9.3% EQW (n=227); BL, 9.3% DAPA (n=230); BL, 9.3% -1.6% -1.4% -2.0% -0.4%‡ -0.6%§ 0.0 -0.5 -1.0 -1.5 -2.0 -2.5 0 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 ChangeinA1C,% Time (weeks) * † * † * † * † * † * † * † This information is being provided by AstraZeneca Medical Department as a professional courtesy in response to your request. For further information, please contact AstraZeneca Medical Department. A1c
  • 53. © AstraZeneca 2016 DURATION-8: EQW + DAPA Significantly Reduced Weight from Baseline at Week 28 EQW + DAPA Significantly Reduced SBP from Baseline at W28 Elaborado de Frías JP, et al. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2016; 4:1004-16 Kg TA
  • 54. “GRACIAS S.NISSEN: CONTIGO EMPEZO TODO” @Cristob_Morales
  • 57. PRIMARY OUTCOME: MACE-3 HR 0.86 (95.02% CI 0.74, 0.99) p=0.0382* Cumulative incidence function. MACE, Major Adverse Cardiovascular Event; HR, hazard ratio. * Two-sided tests for superiority were conducted (statistical significance was indicated if p≤0.0498) -14%
  • 58. EMPA-REG OUTCOME® Un nuevo paradigma *Defined as new onset of macroalbuminuria, doubling of serum creatinine (accompanied by eGFR [MDRD] ≤45 ml/min/1.73m2), initiation of renal replacement therapy or death due to renal disease; 3P-MACE, 3-point major adverse cardiovascular events 1. Zinman B et al. N Engl J Med 2015;373:2117; 2. Wanner C et al. N Engl J Med 2016 (submitted) For internal use only. Strictly confidential. Do not copy or distribute externally. ↓ 3P-MACE1 14% ↓ CV death1 38% ↓ All-cause mortality1 32% ↓New or worsening nephropathy*,2 39% ↓ HF hospitalisations1 35%
  • 59.
  • 61. Límite de no-inferioridad7 HR 1,8 Límite de no-inferioridad7 HR 1,3 Hazard ratio (HR) Ensayo clínico Fármaco Resultado principal EXAMINE1 alogliptina MACE SAVOR-TIMI-532 saxagliptina MACE TECOS3 sitagliptina MACE + AI ELIXA4 lixisenatida MACE + AI EMPA-REG5 empagliflozina MACE + AI LEADER6 liraglutida MACE SUSTAIN 67 semaglutida MACE CV cardiovascular; MACE,: episodio cardiovascular adverso grave; AI: angina inestable. 1. White et al. N Engl J Med 2013;369(14):1327–1335; 2. Scirica et al. N Engl J Med 2013;369(14):1317–1326; 3. Green et al. N Engl J Med 2015;16;373(3):232–242; 4. PfefferMA et al. N Engl J Med 2015;373:2247–2257; 5. ZinmanB et al. N Engl J Med. 2015;373(22):2117-287; 6. Marso SP et al. N Engl J Med 2016; DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa1603827; 7. Hirshberg B, Raz I. Diabetes Obes Metab 2011;34(Suppl. 2):S101–S106. 7. 0,8 1,0 1,2 1.4 1,6 1,8 2,00,6 EECC SEGURIDAD CARDIOVASCULAR EN ANTIDIABÉTICOS (DM2)
  • 62. Ensayo Tratamiento ∆HbA1c (%) Lipidos PAS (mm Hg) FG – CKD-EPI (ml/min/1,73 m2) Pérdida de peso (kg) Vida media (horas) SAVOR-TIMI 531 Saxagliptin -0,2 No informado No informado No informado No informado - Placebo TECOS2 Sitagliptin -0,3 No informado No informado -1,3 No informado - Placebo ELIXA3 Lixisenatide -0,3 No informado -0,8 No informado -0,7 ~3 Placebo EXAMINE4 Alogliptin -0,4 No informado No informado No informado No informado - Placebo EMPA-REG5 Empagliflozin 25 -0,4 Aumento del cHDL -4 ~-46 -2 - Placebo LEADER7 Liraglutide -0,4 Sin diferencia global -1,2 0,6 -,2.3 ~13 Placebo SUSTAIN6 Semaglutide0,5 Semaglutide1,0 Placebo -0,66 -1,05 -1,27 -2,59 ~ -2,87 -4,35 7días Algunos datos han sido redondeados. Los resultados referentes al estudio LEADER se refieren a los 3 años de seguimiento. CV: cardiovascular; FG – CKD-EPI: filtrado glomerular – chronic kidney disease epidemiology collaboration; HbA1c: hemoglobina glicada; HDL: lipoproteínas de alta densidad.1. Scirica BM et al N Engl J Med 2013;369:1317‒1326; 2. Green JB et al N Engl J Med 2015;373:232‒242; 3. Pfeffer M et al N Engl J Med 2015;373:2247-57; 4. White WB et al. N Engl J Med 2013;369:1327‒1335; 5. Zinman B et al N Engl J Med 2015;373(22):2117-28; 6. Wanner C. Presentado en el National Kidney Week 2015, San Diego; 7. Marso SP et al. N Eng J Med 2016; DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa1603827. MÁS ALLA DEL CONTROL GLUCEMICO
  • 63. @cristob_morales ESTUDIOS QUE HAN DEMOSTRADO SEGURIDAD CARDIOVASCULAR EN DM2
  • 64. ALGO IMPORTANTE VA A PASAR… JUN17 2019 @cristob_morales “The EMPAREG AGE vs iSGLT2 AGE” by @moreno_perez_o
  • 66. INTRO: DIABESIDAD Conoce a tu enemigo iSGLT2 & DM2 Conoce a tu ejercito iSGLT2 EN LAS GUIAS Planifica la estrategia iSGLT2 EN OBESIDAD
  • 68. LAS GUIAS DE DIABETES Y YO CR.MORALES2017
  • 70. CR.MORALES2016 GUIA/RECOMENDACIONES NACIONALES DE DIABETES redGDPSPACIENTEANCIANO DIABETESYOBESIDADPIDMA2016
  • 71. Pharmacologic Approaches to Glycemic Treatment Diabetes Care 2017;40(Suppl. 1):S64–S74 | DOI: 10.2337/dc17-S011
  • 72.
  • 73. “Con posibilidades de combinaciones ilimitadas , la clave del éxito será la personalización del tratamiento” @cristob_morales RECOMENDACIONES ADA2017 EN DM2: “todos con todas”
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  • 85. INTRO: DIABESIDAD Conoce a tu enemigo iSGLT2 & DM2 Conoce a tu ejercito iSGLT2 EN LAS GUIAS Planifica la estrategia iSGLT2 EN OBESIDAD
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  • 88. Kg
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  • 92. One Year of Treatment with Dapagliflozin QD + Exenatide QW in Obese Adults without Diabetes: Results of an Open-Label Extension Study Jan W. Eriksson,1 Per Lundkvist,1 David Sjorstrom,2 Petros Katsogiannos,1 Maria J. Pereira,1 Eva Johnsson,2 1Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; 2AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
  • 93. Methods Eriksson JW, et al. Presented at: 52nd EASD Annual Meeting; September 12-16, 2016; Munich, Germany. • This 28-week open-label extension study enrolled obese adults without diabetes (BMI 30-45 kg/m2)
  • 94. Demographics and Baseline Characteristics Eriksson JW, et al. Presented at: 52nd EASD Annual Meeting; September 12-16, 2016; Munich, Germany. Values are mean (standard deviation) unless otherwise noted. a Defined as a fasting plasma glucose ≥ 5.6 mmol/L measured just before an OGTT b Defined as a plasma glucose value ≥ 7.8 mmol/L measured at 120 minutes of an OGTTc Safety analysis set. eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; NA, not available; OGTT, oral glucose tolerance test; PG, prandial glucose
  • 95. Body Weight Loss at 52 Weeks Eriksson JW, et al. Presented at: 52nd EASD Annual Meeting; September 12-16, 2016; Munich, Germany. • Body weight loss at 24 weeks was maintained at 52 weeks • Participants who switched from PBO to DAPA+EXE at 24 weeks acheived comparable body weight loss at 52 weeks to those remaining on DAPA+EXE throughout the study Kg
  • 96. INTRO: DIABESIDAD Conoce a tu enemigo iSGLT2 & DM2 Conoce a tu ejercito iSGLT2 EN LAS GUIAS Planifica la estrategia iSGLT2 EN OBESIDAD @Cristob_Morales
  • 97. ¿CUÁL ES MEJOR EN DIABESIDAD? iSGLT2 vs AgGLP1 vs AgDUALES (GLP1/GLUCAGON)
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  • 103. “Para un problema complejo dificilmente haya una solución simple” @cristob.morales
  • 107. MUCHAS GRACIAS Por vuestra atención Espero que entre todos ganémos la batalla de la ObDM @cristob.morales