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SURFACE TEXTURE:
THE PERCEPTION
Steven R Marvin, PE
CalAPA Pavement Conference
April 2016
RESEARCH
 When searching for pavement texture
 What is the public/owners looking for?
 Black and beautiful?
 White reflective topping?
 Smooth?
 Let’s ask Google
GOOGLE PAVEMENT TEXTURE
GOOGLE PAVEMENT TEXTURE
GOOGLE PAVEMENT TEXTURE
GOOGLE PAVEMENT TEXTURE
CHANGE SEARCH PARAMETERS
 Asphalt Concrete Texture
 More Concrete Pictures
 Asphalt Concrete Pavement Texture
 Finally Asphalt Concrete Pictures
GOOGLE ASPHALT CONCRETE PAVEMENT
SURFACE TEXTURE
GOOGLE ASPHALT CONCRETE PAVEMENT
SURFACE TEXTURE
GOOGLE ASPHALT CONCRETE PAVEMENT
SURFACE TEXTURE
GOOGLE ASPHALT CONCRETE PAVEMENT
SURFACE TEXTURE
GOOGLE ASPHALT CONCRETE PAVEMENT
SURFACE TEXTURE
GOOGLE ASPHALT CONCRETE PAVEMENT
SURFACE TEXTURE
GOOGLE ASPHALT CONCRETE PAVEMENT
SURFACE TEXTURE
WHY THEN DOES ANYONE SELECT ASPHALT
CONCRETE?
 Appearance?
 Apparently not
 Smooth ride?
 How is that applicable to parking lots?
 Constructability?
 Cost?
 We therefore base our lively hood on being
cheap?
WHY DO OWNERS LOOK AT THEIR PAVEMENTS?
 Pavement performance is consistent with
expectations
 Proactive pavement owners
 Cities and Counties
 State
 Airports
 Seaports
 Commercial property owners
 Image driven
 Performance/budget driven -
WHY DO OWNERS LOOK AT THEIR PAVEMENTS?
 Pavement performance is not consistent with
expectations
 Government agencies
 Commercial property owners/managers
 Small property owners
 Home owner associations
 Attorneys
WHY DO OWNERS LOOK AT THEIR PAVEMENTS?
 Pavement appearance is suspect
 Attorneys
 Attorneys
 Attorneys
 Attorneys
HOW CLOSELY DO THEY LOOK?
HOW CLOSELY DO THEY LOOK?
HOW CLOSELY DO THEY LOOK?
APPEARANCE
 DETAILS DEFINE QUALITY
 DETAILS CONTRIBUTE TO SUCCESSFUL
PROJECTS
 DETAILS SELL THE JOB
 DETAILS AVOID LAWSUITS
WHAT DOES NOT DIRECTLY DEFINE
APPEARANCE?
 Stability
 Voids in Mineral Aggregate
 Retained Strength
 Air Voids
 Voids Filled with Bitumen
 Binder Content *
 Relative Compaction *
WHAT DEFINES SUITABLE APPEARANCE
 Roller cuts
 Roller checks
 Joints
 Surface Uniformity
 Color
 Smoothness
 Texture
 Design gradation
 Material Supplier
 ‘apparent’ gradation
 Segregation
SO, WHAT IS THE TEXTURE?
 What is the texture of asphalt concrete?
 Open graded
 Dense graded
 Exposed aggregate
 Rock salt finish
 Smooth trowel
 Rough broom
 Why don’t we ever speak of the texture?
WHAT DO WE SEE?
 Color
SIZE
 SIEVE SIZES
 #4, #8, #16, #30, #40, #50, #80, #100, #200,
#270
SANDPAPER
 270 grit
 200 grit
 100 grit
 40 grit
 Coarse
EMORY CLOTH
MATERIAL SUPPLIERS
MATERIAL HANDLING
MATERIAL HANDLING
MATERIAL HANDLING
AND NOW WE RECYCLE
AND NOW WE RECYCLE
AND NOW WE RECYCLE
AND NOW WE RECYCLE
AND NOW WE RECYCLE
AND NOW WE RECYCLE
AND NOW WE RECYCLE
AND NOW WE RECYCLE
HOW DOES RECYCLE IMPACT APPEARANCE?
 All lumps are not created equal
HOW DOES RECYCLE IMPACT APPEARANCE?
 Lumps test varies from appearance
HOW DOES RECYCLE IMPACT APPEARANCE?
 Solid Center
IMPACT ON APPEARANCE
 Quality control is based on extracted
gradations
 Extractions expose the ‘centers’
 Visual perceptions is based on as received
gradations
 Visual as received conditions remained coated
 It is nice to fool mother nature
 Understand the variables
 Take advantage of the opportunities
WHAT DO WE NEED TO DO?
 Accept recycle is here to stay
 Recycling has included
 Glass
 Ceramics
 Auto wrecking yard waste
WHAT DO WE NEED TO DO?
 Recycling now includes
 Rubber tires
 Tire rubber
 Roofing material
 Manufacturer ‘tear offs’
 Old roofs
 Simple shingles
 Built up roofs
WHAT DO WE NEED TO DO?
 Crushed Portland cement concrete
 Crushed asphalt concrete
 Playgrounds
 Parking lots
 Local roadways
 Highways
 Airports
 Seaports
WHAT DO WE NEED TO DO?
 Order surface materials from single source
 Single supplier
 Single plant
 Understand implications of recycled materials
 Finish appearances are impacted
 10% is different than 15% is different than 20%, etc, etc
 Select materials with defined and specified
gradations
 What is ½” fine with 20% or more recycled
materials?
WHAT DO WE NEED TO DO?
 Train our people to handle materials properly
 Avoid segregation for general paving
 Limit use of paver wings
 Match auger and screed widths
 Proper joint raking
 Use aggregate segregation to your advantage
 Purposely segregate materials in hand work areas
 Use aggregate segregation to our advantage
 Discard course materials in hand work areas
WHAT DO WE NEED TO DO?
 Raise our understanding
 Raise our skills
 Change the perception of our product
 Change the perception of our industry
 RAISE THE PERFORMANCE BAR

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Surface Texture: The Perception

  • 1. SURFACE TEXTURE: THE PERCEPTION Steven R Marvin, PE CalAPA Pavement Conference April 2016
  • 2. RESEARCH  When searching for pavement texture  What is the public/owners looking for?  Black and beautiful?  White reflective topping?  Smooth?  Let’s ask Google
  • 7. CHANGE SEARCH PARAMETERS  Asphalt Concrete Texture  More Concrete Pictures  Asphalt Concrete Pavement Texture  Finally Asphalt Concrete Pictures
  • 8. GOOGLE ASPHALT CONCRETE PAVEMENT SURFACE TEXTURE
  • 9. GOOGLE ASPHALT CONCRETE PAVEMENT SURFACE TEXTURE
  • 10. GOOGLE ASPHALT CONCRETE PAVEMENT SURFACE TEXTURE
  • 11. GOOGLE ASPHALT CONCRETE PAVEMENT SURFACE TEXTURE
  • 12. GOOGLE ASPHALT CONCRETE PAVEMENT SURFACE TEXTURE
  • 13. GOOGLE ASPHALT CONCRETE PAVEMENT SURFACE TEXTURE
  • 14. GOOGLE ASPHALT CONCRETE PAVEMENT SURFACE TEXTURE
  • 15. WHY THEN DOES ANYONE SELECT ASPHALT CONCRETE?  Appearance?  Apparently not  Smooth ride?  How is that applicable to parking lots?  Constructability?  Cost?  We therefore base our lively hood on being cheap?
  • 16. WHY DO OWNERS LOOK AT THEIR PAVEMENTS?  Pavement performance is consistent with expectations  Proactive pavement owners  Cities and Counties  State  Airports  Seaports  Commercial property owners  Image driven  Performance/budget driven -
  • 17. WHY DO OWNERS LOOK AT THEIR PAVEMENTS?  Pavement performance is not consistent with expectations  Government agencies  Commercial property owners/managers  Small property owners  Home owner associations  Attorneys
  • 18. WHY DO OWNERS LOOK AT THEIR PAVEMENTS?  Pavement appearance is suspect  Attorneys  Attorneys  Attorneys  Attorneys
  • 19. HOW CLOSELY DO THEY LOOK?
  • 20. HOW CLOSELY DO THEY LOOK?
  • 21. HOW CLOSELY DO THEY LOOK?
  • 22. APPEARANCE  DETAILS DEFINE QUALITY  DETAILS CONTRIBUTE TO SUCCESSFUL PROJECTS  DETAILS SELL THE JOB  DETAILS AVOID LAWSUITS
  • 23. WHAT DOES NOT DIRECTLY DEFINE APPEARANCE?  Stability  Voids in Mineral Aggregate  Retained Strength  Air Voids  Voids Filled with Bitumen  Binder Content *  Relative Compaction *
  • 24. WHAT DEFINES SUITABLE APPEARANCE  Roller cuts  Roller checks  Joints  Surface Uniformity  Color  Smoothness  Texture  Design gradation  Material Supplier  ‘apparent’ gradation  Segregation
  • 25. SO, WHAT IS THE TEXTURE?  What is the texture of asphalt concrete?  Open graded  Dense graded  Exposed aggregate  Rock salt finish  Smooth trowel  Rough broom  Why don’t we ever speak of the texture?
  • 26. WHAT DO WE SEE?  Color
  • 27. SIZE  SIEVE SIZES  #4, #8, #16, #30, #40, #50, #80, #100, #200, #270
  • 28. SANDPAPER  270 grit  200 grit  100 grit  40 grit  Coarse
  • 34. AND NOW WE RECYCLE
  • 35. AND NOW WE RECYCLE
  • 36. AND NOW WE RECYCLE
  • 37. AND NOW WE RECYCLE
  • 38. AND NOW WE RECYCLE
  • 39. AND NOW WE RECYCLE
  • 40. AND NOW WE RECYCLE
  • 41. AND NOW WE RECYCLE
  • 42. HOW DOES RECYCLE IMPACT APPEARANCE?  All lumps are not created equal
  • 43. HOW DOES RECYCLE IMPACT APPEARANCE?  Lumps test varies from appearance
  • 44. HOW DOES RECYCLE IMPACT APPEARANCE?  Solid Center
  • 45. IMPACT ON APPEARANCE  Quality control is based on extracted gradations  Extractions expose the ‘centers’  Visual perceptions is based on as received gradations  Visual as received conditions remained coated  It is nice to fool mother nature  Understand the variables  Take advantage of the opportunities
  • 46. WHAT DO WE NEED TO DO?  Accept recycle is here to stay  Recycling has included  Glass  Ceramics  Auto wrecking yard waste
  • 47. WHAT DO WE NEED TO DO?  Recycling now includes  Rubber tires  Tire rubber  Roofing material  Manufacturer ‘tear offs’  Old roofs  Simple shingles  Built up roofs
  • 48. WHAT DO WE NEED TO DO?  Crushed Portland cement concrete  Crushed asphalt concrete  Playgrounds  Parking lots  Local roadways  Highways  Airports  Seaports
  • 49. WHAT DO WE NEED TO DO?  Order surface materials from single source  Single supplier  Single plant  Understand implications of recycled materials  Finish appearances are impacted  10% is different than 15% is different than 20%, etc, etc  Select materials with defined and specified gradations  What is ½” fine with 20% or more recycled materials?
  • 50. WHAT DO WE NEED TO DO?  Train our people to handle materials properly  Avoid segregation for general paving  Limit use of paver wings  Match auger and screed widths  Proper joint raking  Use aggregate segregation to your advantage  Purposely segregate materials in hand work areas  Use aggregate segregation to our advantage  Discard course materials in hand work areas
  • 51. WHAT DO WE NEED TO DO?  Raise our understanding  Raise our skills  Change the perception of our product  Change the perception of our industry  RAISE THE PERFORMANCE BAR