2. = political movement
that promotes an
extreme form of
nationalism and
militarism
◦ Similar to communism
(dictator, denied
individual rights…etc)
◦ Different from
communism (Fascism
believed that social
classes had place and
function, where
communism did not
believe in social classes)
3. Why was a
dictator able to rise?
◦ Bitter feelings after the
1919 Paris Peace
Conference
◦ Were not able to obtain
large territorial gains
◦ Rising inflation &
unemployment
4. Newspaper editor &
politician
Told he would rescue
Italy
Founded the Fascist
Party in 1919
Criticized the Italian
government
Groups of fascists=
black shirts
Won support of the
middle class, aristocracy
and industrial leaders
Marched on Rome and
demanded rule- was
given it “legally”
5.
6. Il Duce= “the
leader”
Abolished democracy
&outlawed political
parties
Government censors
on radio stations and
publications
Sought to control the
economy
Never able to have
complete control like
Stalin or Hitler
7. Adolf Hitler
◦ Early life of disappointment
◦ WW1 soldier
◦ Joined the NAZI party (National
Socialist German Workers’ Party) to
overturn the Treaty of Versailles &
get rid of communism
◦Nazism= German form of
fascism
◦ Swastika= symbol (hooked cross)
◦ Brown Shirts/Storm Troopers= Nazi
private army
8. Der Fuhrer=
“the leader”
Inspired by
Mussolini’s march
on Rome
When Hitler
attempted to march
on Munich, he was
arrested
Sentenced to 5
years in prison
(served 9 months)
9. = “my struggle,”
book written by
Hitler in jail, setting
for his beliefs and
his goals for
Germany
Germans“Arya
ns” (the “master
race”)
Non-Aryans (Jews,
Slavs, gypsies)
inferior race
10. Hitler declared Germany
overpopulated and that
they needed more “living
space”
He promised to get that
space by conquering
eastern Europe and Russia
When Hitler left prison, he
revived the Nazi Party
Hitler’s message was
ignored until Germany’s
economy collapsed and civil
unrest broke out
11. 1932- Nazis were the
largest political party in
Germany
Many Germany leaders
thought they could
control Hitler, and told
the President to make
Hitler chancellor
Hitler later ran for office
◦ During election, a
government building was
destroyed and Hitler
blamed the communists-
helped him win support
12. Totalitarian state
Banned political
parties
SS (Shutzstaffel, or
“protection squad”)
Gestapo= the Nazi
secret police
◦ Murdered or arrested
Hitler’s opponents
◦ Shocked people into
obedience
13. Hitler wanted control of
every aspect of life
Press, radio, literature, p
aintings and film were
turned into propaganda
After Hitler’s
involvement in the
economy, unemploymen
t dropped from 6 million
to 1.5 million in one
year (1936)
Hitler Youth (for boys)
& League of German
Girls
14.
15. Anti-Semitism= hatred
of Jews
Jews were less than 1% of
the population
Jews were seen as the
scapegoats for everything
Laws were passed denying
Jews rights
Jew violence rose
(Kristallnacht, Night of the
Broken Glass)
16.
17.
18. Italy
Germany
Hungary
Yugoslavia
Albania
Bulgaria
Romania
*Czechoslovakia- only
eastern European
country to remain
democratic
19. Put in ORDER Activity
◦Students will…
Get in small groups of 2-3
Use the word bank and the
textbook to decide which
words/phrases go in what
ORDER
