BASIC OUTLINES
1. What is Tornado ?
• Defination
• Characteristic
2. Tornado Formation
• Causes of Tornado
3.Type of Tornado
4.Effects of Tornado
• Effects
• Major Tornado events
5.Tornado Mitigation

What is TORNADO ?
• A Tornado is a violently rotating column of air that
extent from a thunderstorm to the ground.
• It’s also called “Twister”.
• These spining columns of wind can take variety of
shapes such as rope ,funnel, cylinders .
• Every tornado must extend downward form
cumulonimbus to ground.
• The funnel shaped tornado that haven’t touched the
ground are called “Funnel Clouds”

TORNADO FORMATION
• Causes of Tornado formation
• Suitable climatic conditions
• Extremely large Thunderstorm
• Supply of wind
• Unstable wind shear

Increasing wind speed

Satage of formation of tornado
• Tornado form where there are large difference in atmospheric
pressure.
• Often results during a mojor storm such as “Supercell”
thunderstorm.
• Supercell is a large rotating thunderstorm which possess
mesocyclone having a ability to updraft massive cloud to rotate
inside .

Formation of horizontal wind shear
• Due to vertical difference in wind speed horizontal
wind shear developes .
• Rotating speed increase with height.
• Supply of air leads to grow big horizontal rotating
• air cylinder.
I am going to participate

Horizontal wind shear

Classification of Tornado
• Weak Tornado
• Strong Tornado
• Violent Tornado
Characteristic Weak Tornado Strong Tornado Violent Tornado
Total Tornado% 88% of all t. 12% of all t. Less than 1%
Wind Speed(mph) 110mph 111mph-165mph >166mph
Life Time 1 - 10+ minutes Upto 20 minutes Exceed 1 hours
Death % About 5% Nearly 25% More than 75%
Damage EF-0 to EF-1 EF-2 to EF-3 EF-4 to EF-5

Others types of Tornado
• Supercell Tornado
• Landspout Tornado
• Gustanado
• Waterspouts
• Dust Devil
• Fire Tornado

Supercell Tornado
• Tornadoes that come from a supercell thunderstorm are the Spercell Tornado.
• A rotating updraft is a key to the development of a supercell, and eventually a
tornado. Once the updraft is rotating and being fed by warm, moist air flowing in at
ground level, a tornado can form.

Landspout Tornado
• The spinning motion originates near the ground. Waterspouts are similar to
landspouts, except they occur over water.
• The spinning motion originates near the ground.
• Waterspouts are similar to landspouts, except they occur over water.

Gustanado
• A gustnado is a shallow surface-based vortex which forms within the
downburst emanating from a thunderstorm.

Waterspouts
• Waterspouts are
tornadoes that form
over water, or move
from land to water.

Dust Devil
• Dust devil, also called sand devil, small, spiningwind occurring most frequently
in the early afternoon when a land surface is heating rapidly.
• Dust devils are occasionally made visible by the full of dust, leaves, or other
loose matter from the surface

Fire Tornado
• Fire tornadoes are vortices of flame and
ash formed through extreme heat,
turbulent winds.
• Hot air generated by the fire flow upward,
and air rushes in from the sides , causing a
horizontal wind.

EFFECTS OF TORNADO
• Loss of Life
• Property Damage
• Effects of Nature
• Lightning
• Psychological
Effects

Loss of Life
• Tornado typically kill 60
to 80 peoples per years &
Injures more than 1500
• Most tornado death ome
from flying or falling
debris .
• The violent Tornado (EF-4
& EF-5) comprises about
2 percentage of all
tornado ,but they
account more than 70%
of tornado death.

Property Damage
• Another significant effects
vof tornado have on
humans is the properties
damege.
• Weak Tornado can take off
building and break
window.
• This can considerable
economic impacts
• In 1999,Oklahoma
suffered about $1.1 billion
properties damage and
crop losses from tornado.

Crops affected by tornado

Building Damaged by Tornado

Effects on Nature
• Tornado have relatively small effects on
overall environment.
• However ,the area where tornado
strikes are greatly impacted.
• Trees & planets are uprooted, &
disease in the soil are spread , wildlife
losses their live and habitats.
• But according to biologist ,it might be
the responsible for certain animals and
plants life spread throughout the
United state ,so they have taken it is as
a positive point of view.

Heavy rain & Lightning
• In many case,tornado comes with lightening strike which causes bush and
forest fire.

Psychological Effects
• Tornado may result in long term mental problems
those who are directly involved in this
incidents,show strong emotional response.

Major Tornado Events

Tornado Alley
• It is a area in central USA where Tornado are most frequent

Tornado Mitigation • Before Tornado
• During Tornado
• After Tornado

Before Tornado
• Make sure all family members know the
tornado safe location in your room.
• Store an emergency kit in your safe
location.
• Identify where to go if you are at work ,
School or College.
• Make a family communication plan.

During Tornado
• Go to the safe location away from windows
on the lowest level of building.
• If you are caught outside get in to car and try
to drive to closest underground shelter.
• Go to the secure home if you’re at mobile
home.

After Tornado
• Beware of downed power line ,Broken
glasses and sharp/dengerous debris.
• Take all the peoples to nearby hospital
those who are injured.
• Avoid heavy damaged area.
• Follow instructions from local officials.

Thanks
Chandan Pradhan , Dharanidhar (auto) College,Keonjhar,Odisha,India,