Even though there has been limited progress in the area of women’s economic empowerment, according to World Bank data, the rate of female entrepreneurship is higher in Africa than in any other region of the world. These women entrepreneurs represent a powerful source of economic growth and opportunity. This panel will focus on examining the relative successes of efforts aimed at leveling the playing field for women’s pursuit of economic empowerment through entrepreneurship, what legal and regulatory obstacles women still face in their pursuit for social and economic progress (including gender restrictive laws), and outlining what types of economic and legal reforms should be pursued in order to pave the way for more opportunities for other women entrepreneurs.
Investment in The Coconut Industry by Nancy Cheruiyot
4th Annual Harvard African Development Conference 2013: Panel Title- "Women’s Economic Empowerment Through Entrepreneurship"
1. Njuhi Chege,
Founder and CEO of Riri Jewellery
Board Member and National Peace Spokesperson of Festival for African
Fashion and Arts (FAFA)
www.ririjewellery.com
2. 1. What do you know about Kenya?
2. Challenges facing womentrepreneurs
3. The decade of change
• Constitution: Equal rights & Devolution
• Political will: Vision 2030
• ICT
• Financial Inclusion
• The women’s movement
4. How to safeguard women's gains so far
www.ririjewellery.com
3. GDP: 33.62 million
dollars(2011 est)
Population: 43,013,341(July
2012 est)
50.05% of population is
female (2011)
Low Income Country
Women own 48% of MSME’s
Main income generators:
Agriculture & Fishery- 25%
Trade, Transport, Comm.-27%
Industry and manufacturing-11%
Services
Net importer
6. Costs are transferred to the consumer rendering
products expensive (handmade vs. mass produced)
Limits access to capital due to high bank interest
rates, and lack of collateral (usually land or property)
Markets and distribution
Finding and retaining good employees
In search of cheaper means of production you
increase the threats to security: rape, banditry, and
armed robberies
www.ririjewellery.com
7. Limited government support and corruption
“ It did not matter if I was a woman or a man, the problem
was that I was taking on a multinational that had monopolized
the market for over 80 years.” Tabitha Njoroge, CEO Keroche
Industries
Unequal access to property and land thus limiting
access to finance
Social issues; Culture of male chauvinism, attitudes of
westernization, restricted mobility and Domestic violence:
caused by poverty (50%) alcoholism (35%) income inequality
(5%) and cultural beliefs (10%). (Moi University, 2010)
www.ririjewellery.com
8. Legal Administrative Regulatory
The new constitution; Vision 2030:Creative Industry Easier access to capital:
•Affirmative action (Art. Proposed map, Women’s fund, customized loans by
81) Youth Fund commercial banks, Non
•Devolution Governmental organizations,
Micro Finance Institutions,
Savings and Credit
Cooperatives, Mobile banking
Fully subsidized public Initiating: Leveraging on Information and
primary education •Gender desks in various Communications Technology;
ministries to simplify licensing
• The National Commission on requirement, reduce
Gender and development bureaucratic procedures;
•The department of Gender in promote financial inclusion
the Ministry of Gender, Sports of benefit because women
and Culture & social services tend to be ‘time poor’; mobile
phone apps that cut middle
men
Access to justice Vibrant women’s movement Regional integration, Ease of
enforcement of contracts and increased visibility of trading across borders,
and patent rights successful womentrepreneurs common ratification of the
9. Educational reform ,outreach programs, technology training and
mentorship
Fully implementing the constitution in regards to women
Continued review, reform and implementation of government programs
and policies to enhance general business i.e. export promotion
Raise the profile and increase recognition of women run businesses
Transformational interdependent relationships with men
Tackle poverty and under- development
Research- Establish key performance indicators
www.ririjewellery.com
10. Entrepreneurship is Kenya’s only
visible long term answer to
economic upheavals including
poverty, slow growth, global
economic slumps/depressions…
www.ririjewellery.com
Notas del editor
Comparatively, the area occupied by Kenya is slightly more than twice the size of the state of NevadaIncome Category: Low Income; I in every 2 kenyans is poor. Women are the face of poverty in kenyaHigh loan interest rates & high costs of livingBurgeoning middle classEastern and central Africa's hub for Financial, Communication and Transportation servicesresearch shows that countries that fail to address gender barriers are losing out on significant economic growth.
In the first FAFA, there were more women than menImpact of violence on women’s mental health a patriarchal society, domestic violence is actually recognized as one way of disciplining one's wife. In fact, even the society socializes you as a woman to anticipate this discipline. It is so deeply inculcated in many peoples' minds. Experts are divided over statistics that show domestic violence is on the rise - and what they mean. True indicators of a country’s commitment to gender equality lie in its actions to eliminate violence against women in all its forms and in all areas of life.
increase women’s access to and control over decision-making, land, technology, credit, livelihoods and other means of production and social protection. Nonetheless there is still room for more improvement through immediate implementation of the constitution especially the 2/3 gender rule. The culture is still highly patriarchal therefore violence against women, HIV/AIDS prevalence, insecurity are still issues that undermine our experiences in Kenya.
by changing negative cultural attitudes, restrictions in implementing the law, domesticating international law, and changing negative stereotypes about women