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Bio-Molecular Machines  Molecular Machines  PowerPoint Presentation By Doug Hove [email_address]
 
 
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],TO WATCH THE VIDEOS YOU WILL NEED THE FOLLOWING PROGRAMS INSTALLED ON YOUR COMPUTER
The Videos for the Slides Can all be download from the parent websites. The links for downloading the videos are included in the hidden slides following the slides sets containing the videos. The PowerPoint presentation must be downloaded to see the slide animations and animated .gif pictures Additionally PowerPoint Viewer 2007 is required to see the slide animations correctly.
Bio-Molecular Machines  Molecular Machines  PowerPoint Presentation By Doug Hove [email_address]
Keiichi NAMBA  Project Director  Dynamic NanoMachine Project, ICORP,  Japan Science and Technology Corporation "An enormous number of those macromolecules play each role just like purposefully designed machines and maintain the complex network activities  “
“ We have always underestimated cells. … The entire  cell  can be viewed as a  factory  that contains an elaborate network of  interlocking assembly lines , each of which is composed of  a set of large protein machines . … Why do we call the large protein assemblies that underlie cell function protein  machines ? Precisely because,  like machines invented by humans  to deal efficiently with the macroscopic world, these protein assemblies  contain highly coordinated moving parts .”  The Cell as a Collection of Protein Machines: Preparing the Next Generation of Molecular Biologists,"  Cell, 92  (February 8, 1998): 291.  Bruce Alberts,  President, National Academy of Sciences
The late  Nobel laureate Francis Crick,   co-discoverer of DNA's structure and an outspoken critic of religion,   "Biologists must constantly keep in mind that what they see was not designed but rather evolved." Ø Can’t be design !  Can’t be design !  Can’t be design !  Can’t be design !  Can’t be design !  Can’t be design !  Can’t be design !  Can’t be design !  Can’t be design !  Can’t be design ! Animated Slide
The late  Nobel laureate Francis Crick,   co-discoverer of DNA's structure and an outspoken critic of religion,   Crick himself ultimately arrived at the theory of “panspermia” — in which he speculated that life was delivered to the earth from other galaxies. Animated Slide
Is design is just an illusion? Richard Dawkins  –  A Preeminent Scientist   –  and the world most prominent atheist   "Biology is the study of complicated things that give the appearance of having been designed for a purpose.” Richard Dawkins,  The Blind Watchmaker   (New York: W.W. Norton & Company, ), page 1  Enemies Of Reason BBC TV Could his Atheism influence his Science? Animated Slide
Richard Dawkins  "It is absolutely safe to say that if you meet somebody who claims not to believe in evolution, that person is  ignorant ,  stupid  or  insane  (or  wicked , but I'd rather not consider that)."   Richard Dawkins, "Put Your Money on Evolution"  New York Times, April 9, 1989, sec. 7, p34  “ The God of the Old Testament is arguably the most unpleasant character in all fiction:  jealous  and  proud  of it; a  petty ,  unjust ,  unforgiving   control-freak ; a  vindictive ,  bloodthirsty   ethnic cleanser ; a  misogynistic ,  homophobic ,  racist ,  infanticide ,  genocidal ,  filicidal ,  pestilential ,  megalomaniacal ,  sadomasochistic ,  capriciously malevolent bully .”  Richard Dawkins,  “The God Delusion "   New York Times, p. 51
Do all biologists and scientists really believe that  design is just an illusion ?
,  A molecular biologist  working on identifying genetic controls for diseases was  interviewed  by  George Caylor  of  The Ledger , Lynchburg, Virginia. His article entitled,   “ The Biologist,”  appeared on February 17, 2000.
,  G:  “Do you  believe  that the  information evolved ?” J: “George,  nobody  I know in my profession  believes it evolved.  It was  engineered  by  ‘genius beyond genius,’  and such  information  could not have been  written  any other way. The paper and ink did not write the book! Knowing what we know, it is ridiculous to think otherwise.” G:  “Have you ever stated that in a  public   lecture , or in any  public writings ?”
,  J: “No. I just say it evolved. To be a molecular biologist requires one to hold on to  two insanities  at all times.  One, it would be  insane to believe in evolution  when you  can see the truth  for yourself.  Two, it would be  insane to say you don’t believe in evolution . All  government work ,  research grants ,  papers , big  college lectures  – everything would stop. I’d be  out of a job , or relegated to the outer fringes where I couldn’t earn a decent living.”
,  G: “I hate to say it, but that sounds  intellectually dishonest .” J: “ The work  I do in genetic research  is honorable .  We will find the cures  to many of mankind’s worst diseases. But in the meantime,  we have to live with  the ‘ elephant in the living room ’.” G:  “ What elephant ?”
,  J: “ Creation design . It’s like an  elephant in the living room . It  moves  around,  takes up  an enormous amount of  space , loudly  trumpets ,  bumps  into us,  knocks  things over,  eats  a ton of hay, and  smells  like an elephant. And yet  we have to swear it isn’t there! ” Animated Slide
To argue against … the watchmaker analogy  made famous by  William Paley  in his  book Natural Theology .  More than  fifty years before Charles Darwin  published The Origin of Species, Paley proposed that the  complexity  of  living organisms  was  evidence  of the  existence  of a  divine Creator . Why did Dawkins write this book ?
“ Natural selection, the  blind ,  unconscious ,  automatic  process which Darwin discovered, ... is the explanation for the existence and apparently purposeful form of all life, has  no purpose in mind . It has  no mind  and  no mind's eye . It  does not plan  for the future. It has  no vision ,  no foresight ,  no sight at all . If it can be said to play the role of watchmaker in nature,  it is the  blind  watchmaker .” “ We shall look at a particular example and shall conclude that,  when it comes to complexity and beauty of design,  Paley hardly even began to state the case .”
NATURAL THEOLOGY BY  WILLIAM PALEY, D.D. TWELFTH EDITION 1809 In crossing a heath , suppose I pitched my foot against  a stone , and were asked  how the stone  came to be there;  I might possibly answer, that,  for any thing I knew  to the contrary,  it had lain there for ever : nor would it perhaps be very easy to show the absurdity of this answer.  But  suppose  I had  found a watch  upon the ground, and it should be inquired how the watch  happened to be  in that place;
NATURAL THEOLOGY BY WILLIAM PALEY We recognize design in the watch because: its ... parts are framed and put together for  a purpose , … they are  so formed  and  adjusted  as to produce  motion, and that motion  so regulated  as to point out the  hour of the day; ... if the different parts had been differently  shaped  from  what they are,  [or] of a different  size  from what they are,  or  placed  after any other  manner ,  or in any other  order , ...  [or where made of a dissimilar  material  ] … either  no motion  at all would have been carried on ...,  or none which would have answered the  use  that is now  served by it.
NATURAL THEOLOGY BY WILLIAM PALEY We would still believed the watch was designed: if there were a few parts ... which  we could not discover  [the purpose of ]... [If]  disorder , or  decay  of the parts [occurred or  had  occurred  over time] [if] we had  never seen  a watch made; ...  [if] we had  never known  an artist capable of making  one; ... [if] there were  parts which might be spared , without  prejudice to the movement of the watch  it possessed the unexpected property of  producing , in  the course of its movement,  another watch like itself   [by]  a complex adjustment of lathes, files, and other  tools …
Does Life as a purpose ? Bible:   …   Be fruitful, and multiply, and fill the earth … Biology :  … Survival of the fittest to produce offspring …  Do the components appear to be designed ? Complex   …   Composed of many very specific parts that must fit together and work together in a precise way to perform a function. Specific …   The materials and shapes are highly specific and do not form under natural conditions.  Irreducible …  Most components if removed would stop the watch completely.  Natural selection cannot preserve a non-functioning watch waiting for the last part to evolve.  Highly Ordered…  If the parts were placed in a different order they would not function. Random forces act to undo this order and if undone random forces will not put it back together.
 
If I a can  imagine a way  it could happen  by random processes alone ,  no matter how  illogical ,  unlikely   or  counter- intuitive ,  it  must  therefore happen … if given enough time.  No other explanation is needed. Animated Slide
How many watch parts would you need  to throw in a box or in the ocean? How long would you have to shake it or swirl it, until it assembled a watch?
SIMPLE
Complex
Is it important who gets the glory ? Genesis 1:31  And God saw every thing that he had made, and, behold, it was very good. Psalms 148:5  Let them praise the name of the LORD: for he commanded, and they were created.  Isaiah 41:20  That they may see, and know, and consider, and understand together, that the hand of the LORD hath done this, and the Holy One of Israel hath created it. Isaiah 45:18  For thus saith the LORD that created the heavens; God himself that formed the earth and made it; he hath established it, he created it not in vain, he formed it to be inhabited: I am the LORD; and there is none else. Revelation 4:11  Thou art worthy, O Lord, to receive glory and honour and power: for thou hast created all things, and for thy pleasure they are and were created.
Job 10:8  Thine hands have made me and fashioned me together round about; ... Job 33:4  The spirit of God hath made me, and the breath of the Almighty hath given me life. Psalms 33:6  By the word of the LORD were the heavens made; and all the host of them by the breath of his mouth. Psalms 46:10  Be still, and know that I am God: I will be exalted among the heathen, I will be exalted in the earth. Psalms 94:9  He that planted the ear, shall he not hear? he that formed the eye, shall he not see? Psalms 95:5-6  The sea  is  his, and he made it: and his hands formed the dry  land. O come, let us worship and bow down: let us kneel before the LORD our maker.
What if we looked at the facts and considered the evidence ourselves ?
Just for a moment, may we consider the possibility that living organisms appear designed because they actually were  designed ?   Animated Slide
DNA Replication  DNA Translation DNA Structure
www.DNAtube.com DNA and RNA  Structure   √   Jan 2009
DNA Replication Overview   www.DNAtube.com √   Jan 2009
DNA Transcription Overview   www.DNAtube.com √   Jan 2009
www.DNAtube.com DNA Translation Overview   √   Jan 2009
DNA Packaging www.DNAtube.com √   Jan 2009
Histone Controlling  Gene Expression  www.DNAtube.com √   Jan 2009
www.wehi.edu.au/education/wehi-tv √   Jan 2009 Histone Molecular  Animation
Helicase Unwinds DNA   www.DNAtube.com √   Jan 2009
Topoisomerase  Solves a Knotty Problem www.DNAtube.com √   Jan 2009
More  Enzymes Required   www.DNAtube.com √   Jan 2009
Replication Fork Molecular Animation  www.DNAtube.com √   Jan 2009
More Enzymes to  Identify and Repair Errors  www.DNAtube.com √   Jan 2009
DNA Repair Enzymes  www.DNAtube.com √   Jan 2009
RNA  Transcription   www.DNAtube.com √   Jan 2009
Transcription Enzymes   www.DNAtube.com √   Jan 2009
RNA Transcription Molecular Animation   www.wehi.edu.au/education/wehi-tv √   Jan 2009
3 Types of RNA Produced from DNA www.DNAtube.com √   Jan 2009
Introns Edited from RNA and Exons Spliced together www.DNAtube.com √   Jan 2009
20 Different  tRNA’s match Amino Acids  to  mRNA Codons
20 types of  Aminoacyl-tRNA Synthetases match 20 different amino acids to tRNA’s with the correct  anti-codon. tRNA’s Amino Acid Name Triplet Code or Codon 3-Letter Nickname Glycine GGT,GGC,GGA,GGG  Gly Alanine GCT,GCC,GCA,GCG Ala Valine GTT,GTC,GTA,GTG  Val Leucine TTG,TTA,CTT,CTC,CTA,CTG Leu Isoleucine ATT,ATC,ATA Ileu Serine TCT,TCC,TCA,TCG,AGT,AGC  Ser Threonine ACT,ACC,ACA,ACG Thr Cysteine TGT,TGC Cys Methionine ATG Met Glutamic Acid GAA,GAG Glu Aspartic Acid GAT,GAC,AAT,AAC Asp Lysine AAA,AAG Lys Arginine CGT,CGC,CGA,CGG,AGA,AGG Arg Asparagine AAT,AAC Asn Glutamine GAA,GAG Gln Phenylalanine TTT,TTC Phe Tyrosine TAT, TAC Tyr Tryptophan TGG Trp Proline CCT,CCC,CCA,CCG Pro Terminator TAA,TAG,TGA  End
Ribosomes   www.DNAtube.com √   Jan 2009
tRNAs loaded into Ribosome  www.DNAtube.com √   Jan 2009
www.DNAtube.com Elongation Factor Tu Moves tRNA into Ribosome √   Jan 2009
RNA translated to  Polypeptide Chain   www.wehi.edu.au/education/wehi-tv √   Jan 2009
Protein Folding  www.DNAtube.com √   Jan 2009
DNA Structure  http://www.dnatube.com/video/368/DNA-Structure http://www.dnatube.com/video/1358/DNA-Structure http://www.dnatube.com/video/1017/Compare-DNA-and-RNA-in-structural-basis DNA Replication http://www.dnatube.com/video/335/DNA-Replication http://www.dnatube.com/video/442/Dna-Replication http://www.dnatube.com/video/452/Medical-animation-of-DNA http://www.dnatube.com/video/1019/DNA-Replication-Process DNA Transcription http://www.dnatube.com/video/356/Transcription DNA Translation http://www.dnatube.com/video/355/Translation http://www.dnatube.com/video/1099/The-wonders-of-a-tiny-cell 3D structure of chromosome www.DNAtube.com http://www.dnatube.com/video/47/3D-structure-of-chromosome Histones WEHI-TV http://www.wehi.edu.au/education/wehi-tv/dna/index.html http://www.wehi.edu.au/education/wehi-tv/dna/wrapping.html http://www.dnatube.com/video/960/Histone-Deacetylation DNA Helicase structure and function www.DNAtube.com http://www.dnatube.com/video/56/DNA-Helicase-structure-and-function DNA uncoiling Topoisomerase www.DNAtube.com http://www.dnatube.com/video/283/Topoisomerases DNA Replication Enzymes www.DNAtube.com http://www.dnatube.com/view_video2.php?viewkey=0a2dee1861dc3ad3316c DNA Replication Fork www.DNAtube.com http://www.dnatube.com/video/1018/Molecular-Visualization-of-DNA DNA Repair Enzymes  www.DNAtube.com http://www.dnatube.com/video/296/DNA-Mismatch-Repair http://www.dnatube.com/video/304/DNA-Mismatch-Repair http://www.dnatube.com/video/1115/DNA-repair DNA Transcription Factors www.DNAtube.com http://www.dnatube.com/video/240/Transcription DNA Transcription Animation WEHI-TV http://www.wehi.edu.au/education/wehi-tv/dna/index.html http://www.wehi.edu.au/education/wehi-tv/dna/dogma2.html 3 Types of RNA www.DNAtube.com http://www.dnatube.com/video/354/Protein-Synthesis mRNA Splicing www.DNAtube.com http://www.dnatube.com/video/1097/mRNA-splicing 70s Ribosome fMet-tRNA Complex www.DNAtube.com http://www.dnatube.com/video/11/Visualization-of-tRNA-Movements-on-70S-Ribosome http://www.dnatube.com/video/60/Comparison-of-two-state-of-bacterial-ribosome http://www.dnatube.com/video/1228/tRNA-Ribosome-Molecular-Dynamics-Simulation Ribosomal Function 3D www.DNAtube.com http://www.dnatube.com/video/59/Ribosome-structure-and-trna-binding-site--3-D-structure- Elongation Factor EF-Tu GTP Spacefilling MOdel www.DNAtube.com http://www.dnatube.com/video/53/Elangation-factor-EF-Tu Translation Animation WEHI-TV  http://www.wehi.edu.au/education/wehi-tv/dna/index.html http://www.wehi.edu.au/education/wehi-tv/dna/dogma3.html Protein Structure www.DNAtube.com http://www.dnatube.com/video/235/The-Three-Dimensional-Structure-of-a-Protein http://www.dnatube.com/video/833/Proteins-and-Amino-acids
Bacteria  the Simplest  Cells
√   Jan 2009
How much DNA? Simple  Cell Wall? √   Jan 2009
www.nanonet.go.jp/english/ www.nanonet.go.jp/english/mailmag/2004/files/011a.wmv This is a 34:04 minute video Use 3:31 – 4:32 for this slide And 18:35 – 20:45 for the next slide Use 6:35 – 9:35 and  17:05 – 18:15 for the  third slide. √   Jan 2009
60° www.ARN.org √   Jan 2009
www.nanonet.go.jp/english/ √   Jan 2009
Bacteria with flagellum randomly change direction about every second by tumbling  Sensors detect if the amount  of food or toxins in the environment is increasing or decreasing and change the frequency of tumbling to move toward attractants and away from repellents.  √   Jan 2009
BASIC  STAMP  Programmable Control Chip Pin Out   Pin  Name  Description  Comments 5-20  P0-P15  I/O Ports  Input/Output ports. From 0-15. 21  +5V  +5V supply  5-volt input or regulated output 22  RES  Active-low reset  Pull low to reset; goes low during reset 23  GND  System Ground  You must have all grounds connected together. 24  PWR  Regulator Input  Voltage regulator input; takes 5-15 Reconnsworld.com  sonar: high ping ' Turn pinger off initially high compRC ' Raise C2 to +5 volts.  pause 1 ' Allow time for C2 to reach +5V.  input compRC ' Disconnect pin from C2.  pulsout ping,pingLen ' Send a short 40kHz pulse.  rctime rcvr,0,echTime ' Wait for echo; save time to echTime. if echTime < 150 then hurt if echTime > 149 then run return again:  'beginning of the function pulsout 0,150  '0, and 1 are the i/o pins on the 'stamp which the motors are on. pulsout 1, 150  '150 is the ms pulse sent to the motors. 'adjust accordingly. pause 15  'waits a tiny bit.. goto again  'begins the fuction again (creates a loop) fate VAR word  'random what-to-do-next variable choice VAR byte 'selector for branch ticks VAR byte  'amount of time to continue a course mot_L VAR word  'left-motor speed mot_R VAR word  'right-motor speed Lp CON 1  'I/O pin which the left motor is  'on. change accordingly Rp CON 0  'I/O pin which the right motor is 'on. change accordingly hafSec con 25  'Approx. number of ticks in a 1/2 second Don’t Underestimate  Wiring and  Programming
This simple robot requires a computer chip  and a program to allow it move until it encounters a object then turn around. In bacteria; chemical concentrations, complex reaction pathways,  enzymes, inhibitors and activators are the wires, processors, and programs which do much much more .
Even if motors and computers chips, batteries and sensors were already made; Random mixing will not cause the parts to assemble,  Static discharges will not program the chip. Each bumb is as likely to turn a screw out as it is to turn a screw in.  Each discharge is as likely to unwrite a bit as to write a bit.  Animated Slide
Lac Operon Regulation www.DNAtube.com √   Jan 2009
www.DNAtube.com Tryptophan Operon Regulation √   Jan 2009
Bacterial Conjugation  Exchanges   DNA www.DNAtube.com √   Jan 2009
Bacterial Transformation  Incorporates New DNA  into Genome www.DNAtube.com √   Jan 2009
Plasmid Segregation www.DNAtube.com √   Jan 2009
Efflux Pumps Remove Toxins  www.DNAtube.com   √   Jan 2009
www.DNAtube.com Active Transport Pumps  Move Molecules into Cells √   Jan 2009
Restriction Enzymes  cut DNA at specific sites leaving sticky ends for splicing www.wehi.edu.au/education/wehi-tv/ √   Jan 2009
Animated Slide
www.DNAtube.com Enzymes Cut or Splice Specific Molecules √   Jan 2009
Links for the videos on the previous page if not included. Bacteria http://www.dnatube.com/video/234/Archea-and-Bacteria--compare http://www.dnatube.com/video/433/Bacteria Bacterial Flagella 1, 2, 3 http://www.nanonet.go.jp/english/mailmag/2004/011a.html http://www.nanonet.go.jp/english/mailmag/2004/files/011a.wmv http://www.dnatube.com/video/432/Bacterial-flagella Chemitaxis Slides 41-44 as separate presentation http://www.dnatube.com/video/257/Chemotaxis-of-a-Single-cell-to-cAMP Neutrophil Chasing Bacteria in Blood www.DNAtube.com http://www.dnatube.com/video/116/Neutrophil-attacts-on-bacteria Lactose Repressor www.DNAtube.com http://www.dnatube.com/video/22/Lac-operon-mechanism Tryptophan Operon www.DNAtube.com http://www.dnatube.com/video/324/The-Tryptophan-Operon Bacterial Conjagation www.DNAtube.com http://www.dnatube.com/video/201/Bacterial-Conjugation http://www.dnatube.com/video/1025/F-Hfr-Strain Bacterial Transformation www.DNAtube.com http://www.dnatube.com/video/202/Bacterial-Transformation Par M and Plasmid Segregation www.DNAtube.com http://www.dnatube.com/video/1194/ParM-and-Plasmid-Segregation Bacterial Eflux Pump www.DNAtube.com http://www.dnatube.com/video/206/Efflux-Pump Active Transport www.DNAtube.com http://www.dnatube.com/video/359/Active-Transport http://www.dnatube.com/view_video2.php?viewkey=7782deacefa532d9add4 Bacterial Restriction Enzymes www.DNAtube.com http://www.dnatube.com/video/193/Contruction-of-Recombinant-Dna Restriction Enzyme Animation http://www.wehi.edu.au/education/wehi-tv/dna/index.html http://www.wehi.edu.au/education/wehi-tv/dna/recombinant_dna.html Bacterial Rhodospin Slide 39 as separate presentation Bacteria How much Code? How Complex? Slide 38 as separate presentation Enzymes www.DNAtube.com http://www.dnatube.com/video/307/Enzyme
http://www.dnatube.com/video/141/Cell-divison-under-flourescent-microscopy
The Inner Life of the Cell multimedia.mcb.harvard.edu / √   Jan 2009
Nikon Microscopy U √   Jan 2009
www.DNAtube.com √   Jan 2009
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Walking Molecular Motors  !
www.DNAtube.com √   Jan 2009
www.DNAtube.com √   Jan 2009
www.DNAtube.com Dynein Motor Powers Eukaryote Cilia and Flagella  √   Jan 2009
www.DNAtube.com www.DNAtube.com Dynein Powered Cilia and Flagella Move Forward  And Backwards √   Jan 2009
Cilia  Dynein Motor Protein Nexin Elastic Protein Animated Slide www.ARN.org
www.DNAtube.com Mitochondria √   Jan 2009
www.DNAtube.com Mitochondria use glucose sugar to make ATP energy. The Powerhouse of the Cell
www.DNAtube.com The Citric Acid Cycle √   Jan 2009
www.DNAtube.com Enzymes in The Citric Acid Cycle √   Jan 2009
www.DNAtube.com The Electron Transport Cycle √   Jan 2009
ATP Synthase Produces most of the power your Cells  run on www.DNAtube.com √   Jan 2009
www.DNAtube.com Photosynthesis √   Jan 2009
Mitosis Cell Division www.DNAtube.com √   Jan 2009
www.DNAtube.com Cell Division √   Jan 2009
www.cryoem.berkeley.edu Microtubules √   Jan 2009
Microtubule Instability   www.DNAtube.com √   Jan 2009
www.DNAtube.com The Mitotic Spindle I √   Jan 2009
www.DNAtube.com The Mitotic Spindle II √   Jan 2009
Proteasomes degrade  damaged or un-needed proteins   www.DNAtube.com www.DNAtube.com √   Jan 2009 √   Jan 2009
www.DNAtube.com The Golgi body and Cytomembrane Secretion √   Jan 2009
www.DNAtube.com The Golgi Body and Microtubules   √   Jan 2009
www.DNAtube.com The Golgi Body and Transport Vessicles √   Jan 2009
www.DNAtube.com 3D Microscopy of  the Golgi Body √   Jan 2009
Inner Life of a Cell www.DNAtube.com http://www.dnatube.com/video/551/The-Inner-Life-Of-A-Cell-HQ Simple Cells http://www.dnatube.com/video/287/Swimming-Paramecium http://www.dnatube.com/video/357/Paramecium-and-Osmosis http://www.dnatube.com/video/1099/The-wonders-of-a-tiny-cell Myosin and Kinesin walking Motors Slide 46 as separate presentation Myosin Walking on Actin http://www.dnatube.com/video/389/A-Moving-Myosin-Motor-Protein-myosin-actin-interaction Kinesin walking on Microtubule http://www.dnatube.com/video/361/Cytoplasmic-Streaming http://www.dnatube.com/video/376/Kinesin Cillia and Flagella http://www.dnatube.com/video/380/molecular-dynein-motor http://www.dnatube.com/video/363/Cilia-and-Flagella 3D structute of mitochondrion www.DNAtube.com http://www.dnatube.com/video/103/3D-structute-of-mitochondrion Glycolosis www.DNAtube.com http://www.dnatube.com/view_videowide.php?viewkey=fedad7bbbed0eca3fe2e Citric Acid (Krebs) Cycle www.DNAtube.com http://www.dnatube.com/video/278/Citric-Acid--TCA--Krebs-Cycle Electron Transport System www.DNAtube.com http://www.dnatube.com/video/277/Citric-Acid--TCA--Krebs-Cycle-general http://www.dnatube.com/video/333/Electron-Transport-Chain ATP Synthase www.DNAtube.com http://www.dnatube.com/video/104/ATP-synthase-structure-and-mechanism Photosynthesis www.DNAtube.com http://www.dnatube.com/video/276/Photosynthesis-Overview Cell Mitosis  WWW.DNAtube.com http://www.dnatube.com/video/352/Mitosis http://www.dnatube.com/video/328/Mitosis http://www.dnatube.com/video/351/Meiosis http://www.dnatube.com/video/454/Medical-animation-of-cell-division http://www.dnatube.com/video/1322/mitosis http://www.dnatube.com/video/1148/Mitosis-nice-animation Cell Division www.DNAtube.com http://www.dnatube.com/view_video2.php?viewkey=eb3da587e268d663aba1 http://www.dnatube.com/video/139/Animal-Cell-Division http://www.dnatube.com/video/381/Cell-Division-Motion-Reconstruction http://www.dnatube.com/video/263/Meiosis Microtubules http://cryoem.berkeley.edu/animations.shtml http://cryoem.berkeley.edu/video/nogales_400x300_narrated.mov http://www.dnatube.com/video/118/Dynamic-instability-of-microtubules--under-microscope- Microtubules and Chromosome Division Slide 40 as separate PPT  http://www.dnatube.com/video/141/Cell-divison-under-flourescent-microscopy http://www.dnatube.com/video/140/Cell-divison-under-flourescent-microscopy Proteasomes Slide 48 as separate PPT http://www.dnatube.com/video/832/Proteasome http://www.dnatube.com/video/543/Proteasome-and-protein-degredation http://www.dnatube.com/video/606/The-Proteasome Cell Compartments and Golgi Apparatus 3D http://www.dnatube.com/video/364/Cytomembrane-Secretion http://www.dnatube.com/video/323/Protein-Glycosylation http://www.dnatube.com/video/100/Passanger-proteins http://www.dnatube.com/video/99/Travel-of-newly-synthesized-membrane-proteins http://www.dnatube.com/video/110/cell-compartments Exocytotic Transport www.DNAtube.com http://www.dnatube.com/video/321/Exocytotic-Transport Specialized Cells Muscles Action Potential and Muscle Contraction http://www.dnatube.com/video/1307/Action-Potentials-and-Muscle-Contraction http://www.dnatube.com/video/1306/Muscle-contraction Nerve cells finding pathways http://www.dnatube.com/video/78/Pathfinding-the-filopodia-cells-in-the-brain http://www.dnatube.com/video/1301/Neurons-and-Neuro-transmitters http://www.dnatube.com/video/1298/Neurons-and-How-They-Work http://www.dnatube.com/video/1105/Action-potential Synapse http://www.dnatube.com/video/227/Synapse http://www.dnatube.com/video/1310/Action-potential
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],√   Jan 2009 √   Jan 2009 √   Jan 2009 √   Jan 2009
Free Bible Resources www.3Bible.com Check out the Free Online Videos.   Chick Publishing  www.Chick.com Online Books and Comics. First Baptist Church of Hammond IN. www.Baptist-City.com www.FBCHammond.com Audio Bible Studies North Valley Baptist Church www.NVBC.org Video Bible Conferences.

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Molecular Machines

  • 1. Bio-Molecular Machines Molecular Machines PowerPoint Presentation By Doug Hove [email_address]
  • 2.  
  • 3.  
  • 4.
  • 5. The Videos for the Slides Can all be download from the parent websites. The links for downloading the videos are included in the hidden slides following the slides sets containing the videos. The PowerPoint presentation must be downloaded to see the slide animations and animated .gif pictures Additionally PowerPoint Viewer 2007 is required to see the slide animations correctly.
  • 6. Bio-Molecular Machines Molecular Machines PowerPoint Presentation By Doug Hove [email_address]
  • 7. Keiichi NAMBA Project Director Dynamic NanoMachine Project, ICORP, Japan Science and Technology Corporation &quot;An enormous number of those macromolecules play each role just like purposefully designed machines and maintain the complex network activities “
  • 8. “ We have always underestimated cells. … The entire cell can be viewed as a factory that contains an elaborate network of interlocking assembly lines , each of which is composed of a set of large protein machines . … Why do we call the large protein assemblies that underlie cell function protein machines ? Precisely because, like machines invented by humans to deal efficiently with the macroscopic world, these protein assemblies contain highly coordinated moving parts .” The Cell as a Collection of Protein Machines: Preparing the Next Generation of Molecular Biologists,&quot; Cell, 92 (February 8, 1998): 291. Bruce Alberts, President, National Academy of Sciences
  • 9. The late Nobel laureate Francis Crick, co-discoverer of DNA's structure and an outspoken critic of religion, &quot;Biologists must constantly keep in mind that what they see was not designed but rather evolved.&quot; Ø Can’t be design ! Can’t be design ! Can’t be design ! Can’t be design ! Can’t be design ! Can’t be design ! Can’t be design ! Can’t be design ! Can’t be design ! Can’t be design ! Animated Slide
  • 10. The late Nobel laureate Francis Crick, co-discoverer of DNA's structure and an outspoken critic of religion, Crick himself ultimately arrived at the theory of “panspermia” — in which he speculated that life was delivered to the earth from other galaxies. Animated Slide
  • 11. Is design is just an illusion? Richard Dawkins – A Preeminent Scientist – and the world most prominent atheist &quot;Biology is the study of complicated things that give the appearance of having been designed for a purpose.” Richard Dawkins, The Blind Watchmaker (New York: W.W. Norton & Company, ), page 1 Enemies Of Reason BBC TV Could his Atheism influence his Science? Animated Slide
  • 12. Richard Dawkins &quot;It is absolutely safe to say that if you meet somebody who claims not to believe in evolution, that person is ignorant , stupid or insane (or wicked , but I'd rather not consider that).&quot; Richard Dawkins, &quot;Put Your Money on Evolution&quot; New York Times, April 9, 1989, sec. 7, p34 “ The God of the Old Testament is arguably the most unpleasant character in all fiction: jealous and proud of it; a petty , unjust , unforgiving control-freak ; a vindictive , bloodthirsty ethnic cleanser ; a misogynistic , homophobic , racist , infanticide , genocidal , filicidal , pestilential , megalomaniacal , sadomasochistic , capriciously malevolent bully .” Richard Dawkins, “The God Delusion &quot; New York Times, p. 51
  • 13. Do all biologists and scientists really believe that design is just an illusion ?
  • 14. , A molecular biologist working on identifying genetic controls for diseases was interviewed by George Caylor of The Ledger , Lynchburg, Virginia. His article entitled, “ The Biologist,” appeared on February 17, 2000.
  • 15. , G: “Do you believe that the information evolved ?” J: “George, nobody I know in my profession believes it evolved. It was engineered by ‘genius beyond genius,’ and such information could not have been written any other way. The paper and ink did not write the book! Knowing what we know, it is ridiculous to think otherwise.” G: “Have you ever stated that in a public lecture , or in any public writings ?”
  • 16. , J: “No. I just say it evolved. To be a molecular biologist requires one to hold on to two insanities at all times. One, it would be insane to believe in evolution when you can see the truth for yourself. Two, it would be insane to say you don’t believe in evolution . All government work , research grants , papers , big college lectures – everything would stop. I’d be out of a job , or relegated to the outer fringes where I couldn’t earn a decent living.”
  • 17. , G: “I hate to say it, but that sounds intellectually dishonest .” J: “ The work I do in genetic research is honorable . We will find the cures to many of mankind’s worst diseases. But in the meantime, we have to live with the ‘ elephant in the living room ’.” G: “ What elephant ?”
  • 18. , J: “ Creation design . It’s like an elephant in the living room . It moves around, takes up an enormous amount of space , loudly trumpets , bumps into us, knocks things over, eats a ton of hay, and smells like an elephant. And yet we have to swear it isn’t there! ” Animated Slide
  • 19. To argue against … the watchmaker analogy made famous by William Paley in his book Natural Theology . More than fifty years before Charles Darwin published The Origin of Species, Paley proposed that the complexity of living organisms was evidence of the existence of a divine Creator . Why did Dawkins write this book ?
  • 20. “ Natural selection, the blind , unconscious , automatic process which Darwin discovered, ... is the explanation for the existence and apparently purposeful form of all life, has no purpose in mind . It has no mind and no mind's eye . It does not plan for the future. It has no vision , no foresight , no sight at all . If it can be said to play the role of watchmaker in nature, it is the blind watchmaker .” “ We shall look at a particular example and shall conclude that, when it comes to complexity and beauty of design, Paley hardly even began to state the case .”
  • 21. NATURAL THEOLOGY BY WILLIAM PALEY, D.D. TWELFTH EDITION 1809 In crossing a heath , suppose I pitched my foot against a stone , and were asked how the stone came to be there; I might possibly answer, that, for any thing I knew to the contrary, it had lain there for ever : nor would it perhaps be very easy to show the absurdity of this answer. But suppose I had found a watch upon the ground, and it should be inquired how the watch happened to be in that place;
  • 22. NATURAL THEOLOGY BY WILLIAM PALEY We recognize design in the watch because: its ... parts are framed and put together for a purpose , … they are so formed and adjusted as to produce motion, and that motion so regulated as to point out the hour of the day; ... if the different parts had been differently shaped from what they are, [or] of a different size from what they are, or placed after any other manner , or in any other order , ... [or where made of a dissimilar material ] … either no motion at all would have been carried on ..., or none which would have answered the use that is now served by it.
  • 23. NATURAL THEOLOGY BY WILLIAM PALEY We would still believed the watch was designed: if there were a few parts ... which we could not discover [the purpose of ]... [If] disorder , or decay of the parts [occurred or had occurred over time] [if] we had never seen a watch made; ... [if] we had never known an artist capable of making one; ... [if] there were parts which might be spared , without prejudice to the movement of the watch it possessed the unexpected property of producing , in the course of its movement, another watch like itself [by] a complex adjustment of lathes, files, and other tools …
  • 24. Does Life as a purpose ? Bible: … Be fruitful, and multiply, and fill the earth … Biology : … Survival of the fittest to produce offspring … Do the components appear to be designed ? Complex … Composed of many very specific parts that must fit together and work together in a precise way to perform a function. Specific … The materials and shapes are highly specific and do not form under natural conditions. Irreducible … Most components if removed would stop the watch completely. Natural selection cannot preserve a non-functioning watch waiting for the last part to evolve. Highly Ordered… If the parts were placed in a different order they would not function. Random forces act to undo this order and if undone random forces will not put it back together.
  • 25.  
  • 26. If I a can imagine a way it could happen by random processes alone , no matter how illogical , unlikely or counter- intuitive , it must therefore happen … if given enough time. No other explanation is needed. Animated Slide
  • 27. How many watch parts would you need to throw in a box or in the ocean? How long would you have to shake it or swirl it, until it assembled a watch?
  • 30. Is it important who gets the glory ? Genesis 1:31 And God saw every thing that he had made, and, behold, it was very good. Psalms 148:5 Let them praise the name of the LORD: for he commanded, and they were created. Isaiah 41:20 That they may see, and know, and consider, and understand together, that the hand of the LORD hath done this, and the Holy One of Israel hath created it. Isaiah 45:18 For thus saith the LORD that created the heavens; God himself that formed the earth and made it; he hath established it, he created it not in vain, he formed it to be inhabited: I am the LORD; and there is none else. Revelation 4:11 Thou art worthy, O Lord, to receive glory and honour and power: for thou hast created all things, and for thy pleasure they are and were created.
  • 31. Job 10:8 Thine hands have made me and fashioned me together round about; ... Job 33:4 The spirit of God hath made me, and the breath of the Almighty hath given me life. Psalms 33:6 By the word of the LORD were the heavens made; and all the host of them by the breath of his mouth. Psalms 46:10 Be still, and know that I am God: I will be exalted among the heathen, I will be exalted in the earth. Psalms 94:9 He that planted the ear, shall he not hear? he that formed the eye, shall he not see? Psalms 95:5-6 The sea is his, and he made it: and his hands formed the dry land. O come, let us worship and bow down: let us kneel before the LORD our maker.
  • 32. What if we looked at the facts and considered the evidence ourselves ?
  • 33. Just for a moment, may we consider the possibility that living organisms appear designed because they actually were designed ? Animated Slide
  • 34. DNA Replication DNA Translation DNA Structure
  • 35. www.DNAtube.com DNA and RNA Structure √ Jan 2009
  • 36. DNA Replication Overview www.DNAtube.com √ Jan 2009
  • 37. DNA Transcription Overview www.DNAtube.com √ Jan 2009
  • 38. www.DNAtube.com DNA Translation Overview √ Jan 2009
  • 40. Histone Controlling Gene Expression www.DNAtube.com √ Jan 2009
  • 41. www.wehi.edu.au/education/wehi-tv √ Jan 2009 Histone Molecular Animation
  • 42. Helicase Unwinds DNA www.DNAtube.com √ Jan 2009
  • 43. Topoisomerase Solves a Knotty Problem www.DNAtube.com √ Jan 2009
  • 44. More Enzymes Required www.DNAtube.com √ Jan 2009
  • 45. Replication Fork Molecular Animation www.DNAtube.com √ Jan 2009
  • 46. More Enzymes to Identify and Repair Errors www.DNAtube.com √ Jan 2009
  • 47. DNA Repair Enzymes www.DNAtube.com √ Jan 2009
  • 48. RNA Transcription www.DNAtube.com √ Jan 2009
  • 49. Transcription Enzymes www.DNAtube.com √ Jan 2009
  • 50. RNA Transcription Molecular Animation www.wehi.edu.au/education/wehi-tv √ Jan 2009
  • 51. 3 Types of RNA Produced from DNA www.DNAtube.com √ Jan 2009
  • 52. Introns Edited from RNA and Exons Spliced together www.DNAtube.com √ Jan 2009
  • 53. 20 Different tRNA’s match Amino Acids to mRNA Codons
  • 54. 20 types of Aminoacyl-tRNA Synthetases match 20 different amino acids to tRNA’s with the correct anti-codon. tRNA’s Amino Acid Name Triplet Code or Codon 3-Letter Nickname Glycine GGT,GGC,GGA,GGG Gly Alanine GCT,GCC,GCA,GCG Ala Valine GTT,GTC,GTA,GTG Val Leucine TTG,TTA,CTT,CTC,CTA,CTG Leu Isoleucine ATT,ATC,ATA Ileu Serine TCT,TCC,TCA,TCG,AGT,AGC Ser Threonine ACT,ACC,ACA,ACG Thr Cysteine TGT,TGC Cys Methionine ATG Met Glutamic Acid GAA,GAG Glu Aspartic Acid GAT,GAC,AAT,AAC Asp Lysine AAA,AAG Lys Arginine CGT,CGC,CGA,CGG,AGA,AGG Arg Asparagine AAT,AAC Asn Glutamine GAA,GAG Gln Phenylalanine TTT,TTC Phe Tyrosine TAT, TAC Tyr Tryptophan TGG Trp Proline CCT,CCC,CCA,CCG Pro Terminator TAA,TAG,TGA End
  • 55. Ribosomes www.DNAtube.com √ Jan 2009
  • 56. tRNAs loaded into Ribosome www.DNAtube.com √ Jan 2009
  • 57. www.DNAtube.com Elongation Factor Tu Moves tRNA into Ribosome √ Jan 2009
  • 58. RNA translated to Polypeptide Chain www.wehi.edu.au/education/wehi-tv √ Jan 2009
  • 59. Protein Folding www.DNAtube.com √ Jan 2009
  • 60. DNA Structure http://www.dnatube.com/video/368/DNA-Structure http://www.dnatube.com/video/1358/DNA-Structure http://www.dnatube.com/video/1017/Compare-DNA-and-RNA-in-structural-basis DNA Replication http://www.dnatube.com/video/335/DNA-Replication http://www.dnatube.com/video/442/Dna-Replication http://www.dnatube.com/video/452/Medical-animation-of-DNA http://www.dnatube.com/video/1019/DNA-Replication-Process DNA Transcription http://www.dnatube.com/video/356/Transcription DNA Translation http://www.dnatube.com/video/355/Translation http://www.dnatube.com/video/1099/The-wonders-of-a-tiny-cell 3D structure of chromosome www.DNAtube.com http://www.dnatube.com/video/47/3D-structure-of-chromosome Histones WEHI-TV http://www.wehi.edu.au/education/wehi-tv/dna/index.html http://www.wehi.edu.au/education/wehi-tv/dna/wrapping.html http://www.dnatube.com/video/960/Histone-Deacetylation DNA Helicase structure and function www.DNAtube.com http://www.dnatube.com/video/56/DNA-Helicase-structure-and-function DNA uncoiling Topoisomerase www.DNAtube.com http://www.dnatube.com/video/283/Topoisomerases DNA Replication Enzymes www.DNAtube.com http://www.dnatube.com/view_video2.php?viewkey=0a2dee1861dc3ad3316c DNA Replication Fork www.DNAtube.com http://www.dnatube.com/video/1018/Molecular-Visualization-of-DNA DNA Repair Enzymes www.DNAtube.com http://www.dnatube.com/video/296/DNA-Mismatch-Repair http://www.dnatube.com/video/304/DNA-Mismatch-Repair http://www.dnatube.com/video/1115/DNA-repair DNA Transcription Factors www.DNAtube.com http://www.dnatube.com/video/240/Transcription DNA Transcription Animation WEHI-TV http://www.wehi.edu.au/education/wehi-tv/dna/index.html http://www.wehi.edu.au/education/wehi-tv/dna/dogma2.html 3 Types of RNA www.DNAtube.com http://www.dnatube.com/video/354/Protein-Synthesis mRNA Splicing www.DNAtube.com http://www.dnatube.com/video/1097/mRNA-splicing 70s Ribosome fMet-tRNA Complex www.DNAtube.com http://www.dnatube.com/video/11/Visualization-of-tRNA-Movements-on-70S-Ribosome http://www.dnatube.com/video/60/Comparison-of-two-state-of-bacterial-ribosome http://www.dnatube.com/video/1228/tRNA-Ribosome-Molecular-Dynamics-Simulation Ribosomal Function 3D www.DNAtube.com http://www.dnatube.com/video/59/Ribosome-structure-and-trna-binding-site--3-D-structure- Elongation Factor EF-Tu GTP Spacefilling MOdel www.DNAtube.com http://www.dnatube.com/video/53/Elangation-factor-EF-Tu Translation Animation WEHI-TV http://www.wehi.edu.au/education/wehi-tv/dna/index.html http://www.wehi.edu.au/education/wehi-tv/dna/dogma3.html Protein Structure www.DNAtube.com http://www.dnatube.com/video/235/The-Three-Dimensional-Structure-of-a-Protein http://www.dnatube.com/video/833/Proteins-and-Amino-acids
  • 61. Bacteria the Simplest Cells
  • 62. Jan 2009
  • 63. How much DNA? Simple Cell Wall? √ Jan 2009
  • 64. www.nanonet.go.jp/english/ www.nanonet.go.jp/english/mailmag/2004/files/011a.wmv This is a 34:04 minute video Use 3:31 – 4:32 for this slide And 18:35 – 20:45 for the next slide Use 6:35 – 9:35 and 17:05 – 18:15 for the third slide. √ Jan 2009
  • 67. Bacteria with flagellum randomly change direction about every second by tumbling Sensors detect if the amount of food or toxins in the environment is increasing or decreasing and change the frequency of tumbling to move toward attractants and away from repellents. √ Jan 2009
  • 68. BASIC STAMP Programmable Control Chip Pin Out Pin Name Description Comments 5-20 P0-P15 I/O Ports Input/Output ports. From 0-15. 21 +5V +5V supply 5-volt input or regulated output 22 RES Active-low reset Pull low to reset; goes low during reset 23 GND System Ground You must have all grounds connected together. 24 PWR Regulator Input Voltage regulator input; takes 5-15 Reconnsworld.com sonar: high ping ' Turn pinger off initially high compRC ' Raise C2 to +5 volts. pause 1 ' Allow time for C2 to reach +5V. input compRC ' Disconnect pin from C2. pulsout ping,pingLen ' Send a short 40kHz pulse. rctime rcvr,0,echTime ' Wait for echo; save time to echTime. if echTime < 150 then hurt if echTime > 149 then run return again: 'beginning of the function pulsout 0,150 '0, and 1 are the i/o pins on the 'stamp which the motors are on. pulsout 1, 150 '150 is the ms pulse sent to the motors. 'adjust accordingly. pause 15 'waits a tiny bit.. goto again 'begins the fuction again (creates a loop) fate VAR word 'random what-to-do-next variable choice VAR byte 'selector for branch ticks VAR byte 'amount of time to continue a course mot_L VAR word 'left-motor speed mot_R VAR word 'right-motor speed Lp CON 1 'I/O pin which the left motor is 'on. change accordingly Rp CON 0 'I/O pin which the right motor is 'on. change accordingly hafSec con 25 'Approx. number of ticks in a 1/2 second Don’t Underestimate Wiring and Programming
  • 69. This simple robot requires a computer chip and a program to allow it move until it encounters a object then turn around. In bacteria; chemical concentrations, complex reaction pathways, enzymes, inhibitors and activators are the wires, processors, and programs which do much much more .
  • 70. Even if motors and computers chips, batteries and sensors were already made; Random mixing will not cause the parts to assemble, Static discharges will not program the chip. Each bumb is as likely to turn a screw out as it is to turn a screw in. Each discharge is as likely to unwrite a bit as to write a bit. Animated Slide
  • 71. Lac Operon Regulation www.DNAtube.com √ Jan 2009
  • 72. www.DNAtube.com Tryptophan Operon Regulation √ Jan 2009
  • 73. Bacterial Conjugation Exchanges DNA www.DNAtube.com √ Jan 2009
  • 74. Bacterial Transformation Incorporates New DNA into Genome www.DNAtube.com √ Jan 2009
  • 76. Efflux Pumps Remove Toxins www.DNAtube.com √ Jan 2009
  • 77. www.DNAtube.com Active Transport Pumps Move Molecules into Cells √ Jan 2009
  • 78. Restriction Enzymes cut DNA at specific sites leaving sticky ends for splicing www.wehi.edu.au/education/wehi-tv/ √ Jan 2009
  • 80. www.DNAtube.com Enzymes Cut or Splice Specific Molecules √ Jan 2009
  • 81. Links for the videos on the previous page if not included. Bacteria http://www.dnatube.com/video/234/Archea-and-Bacteria--compare http://www.dnatube.com/video/433/Bacteria Bacterial Flagella 1, 2, 3 http://www.nanonet.go.jp/english/mailmag/2004/011a.html http://www.nanonet.go.jp/english/mailmag/2004/files/011a.wmv http://www.dnatube.com/video/432/Bacterial-flagella Chemitaxis Slides 41-44 as separate presentation http://www.dnatube.com/video/257/Chemotaxis-of-a-Single-cell-to-cAMP Neutrophil Chasing Bacteria in Blood www.DNAtube.com http://www.dnatube.com/video/116/Neutrophil-attacts-on-bacteria Lactose Repressor www.DNAtube.com http://www.dnatube.com/video/22/Lac-operon-mechanism Tryptophan Operon www.DNAtube.com http://www.dnatube.com/video/324/The-Tryptophan-Operon Bacterial Conjagation www.DNAtube.com http://www.dnatube.com/video/201/Bacterial-Conjugation http://www.dnatube.com/video/1025/F-Hfr-Strain Bacterial Transformation www.DNAtube.com http://www.dnatube.com/video/202/Bacterial-Transformation Par M and Plasmid Segregation www.DNAtube.com http://www.dnatube.com/video/1194/ParM-and-Plasmid-Segregation Bacterial Eflux Pump www.DNAtube.com http://www.dnatube.com/video/206/Efflux-Pump Active Transport www.DNAtube.com http://www.dnatube.com/video/359/Active-Transport http://www.dnatube.com/view_video2.php?viewkey=7782deacefa532d9add4 Bacterial Restriction Enzymes www.DNAtube.com http://www.dnatube.com/video/193/Contruction-of-Recombinant-Dna Restriction Enzyme Animation http://www.wehi.edu.au/education/wehi-tv/dna/index.html http://www.wehi.edu.au/education/wehi-tv/dna/recombinant_dna.html Bacterial Rhodospin Slide 39 as separate presentation Bacteria How much Code? How Complex? Slide 38 as separate presentation Enzymes www.DNAtube.com http://www.dnatube.com/video/307/Enzyme
  • 83. The Inner Life of the Cell multimedia.mcb.harvard.edu / √ Jan 2009
  • 84. Nikon Microscopy U √ Jan 2009
  • 86.
  • 89. www.DNAtube.com Dynein Motor Powers Eukaryote Cilia and Flagella √ Jan 2009
  • 90. www.DNAtube.com www.DNAtube.com Dynein Powered Cilia and Flagella Move Forward And Backwards √ Jan 2009
  • 91. Cilia Dynein Motor Protein Nexin Elastic Protein Animated Slide www.ARN.org
  • 93. www.DNAtube.com Mitochondria use glucose sugar to make ATP energy. The Powerhouse of the Cell
  • 94. www.DNAtube.com The Citric Acid Cycle √ Jan 2009
  • 95. www.DNAtube.com Enzymes in The Citric Acid Cycle √ Jan 2009
  • 96. www.DNAtube.com The Electron Transport Cycle √ Jan 2009
  • 97. ATP Synthase Produces most of the power your Cells run on www.DNAtube.com √ Jan 2009
  • 99. Mitosis Cell Division www.DNAtube.com √ Jan 2009
  • 102. Microtubule Instability www.DNAtube.com √ Jan 2009
  • 103. www.DNAtube.com The Mitotic Spindle I √ Jan 2009
  • 104. www.DNAtube.com The Mitotic Spindle II √ Jan 2009
  • 105. Proteasomes degrade damaged or un-needed proteins www.DNAtube.com www.DNAtube.com √ Jan 2009 √ Jan 2009
  • 106. www.DNAtube.com The Golgi body and Cytomembrane Secretion √ Jan 2009
  • 107. www.DNAtube.com The Golgi Body and Microtubules √ Jan 2009
  • 108. www.DNAtube.com The Golgi Body and Transport Vessicles √ Jan 2009
  • 109. www.DNAtube.com 3D Microscopy of the Golgi Body √ Jan 2009
  • 110. Inner Life of a Cell www.DNAtube.com http://www.dnatube.com/video/551/The-Inner-Life-Of-A-Cell-HQ Simple Cells http://www.dnatube.com/video/287/Swimming-Paramecium http://www.dnatube.com/video/357/Paramecium-and-Osmosis http://www.dnatube.com/video/1099/The-wonders-of-a-tiny-cell Myosin and Kinesin walking Motors Slide 46 as separate presentation Myosin Walking on Actin http://www.dnatube.com/video/389/A-Moving-Myosin-Motor-Protein-myosin-actin-interaction Kinesin walking on Microtubule http://www.dnatube.com/video/361/Cytoplasmic-Streaming http://www.dnatube.com/video/376/Kinesin Cillia and Flagella http://www.dnatube.com/video/380/molecular-dynein-motor http://www.dnatube.com/video/363/Cilia-and-Flagella 3D structute of mitochondrion www.DNAtube.com http://www.dnatube.com/video/103/3D-structute-of-mitochondrion Glycolosis www.DNAtube.com http://www.dnatube.com/view_videowide.php?viewkey=fedad7bbbed0eca3fe2e Citric Acid (Krebs) Cycle www.DNAtube.com http://www.dnatube.com/video/278/Citric-Acid--TCA--Krebs-Cycle Electron Transport System www.DNAtube.com http://www.dnatube.com/video/277/Citric-Acid--TCA--Krebs-Cycle-general http://www.dnatube.com/video/333/Electron-Transport-Chain ATP Synthase www.DNAtube.com http://www.dnatube.com/video/104/ATP-synthase-structure-and-mechanism Photosynthesis www.DNAtube.com http://www.dnatube.com/video/276/Photosynthesis-Overview Cell Mitosis WWW.DNAtube.com http://www.dnatube.com/video/352/Mitosis http://www.dnatube.com/video/328/Mitosis http://www.dnatube.com/video/351/Meiosis http://www.dnatube.com/video/454/Medical-animation-of-cell-division http://www.dnatube.com/video/1322/mitosis http://www.dnatube.com/video/1148/Mitosis-nice-animation Cell Division www.DNAtube.com http://www.dnatube.com/view_video2.php?viewkey=eb3da587e268d663aba1 http://www.dnatube.com/video/139/Animal-Cell-Division http://www.dnatube.com/video/381/Cell-Division-Motion-Reconstruction http://www.dnatube.com/video/263/Meiosis Microtubules http://cryoem.berkeley.edu/animations.shtml http://cryoem.berkeley.edu/video/nogales_400x300_narrated.mov http://www.dnatube.com/video/118/Dynamic-instability-of-microtubules--under-microscope- Microtubules and Chromosome Division Slide 40 as separate PPT http://www.dnatube.com/video/141/Cell-divison-under-flourescent-microscopy http://www.dnatube.com/video/140/Cell-divison-under-flourescent-microscopy Proteasomes Slide 48 as separate PPT http://www.dnatube.com/video/832/Proteasome http://www.dnatube.com/video/543/Proteasome-and-protein-degredation http://www.dnatube.com/video/606/The-Proteasome Cell Compartments and Golgi Apparatus 3D http://www.dnatube.com/video/364/Cytomembrane-Secretion http://www.dnatube.com/video/323/Protein-Glycosylation http://www.dnatube.com/video/100/Passanger-proteins http://www.dnatube.com/video/99/Travel-of-newly-synthesized-membrane-proteins http://www.dnatube.com/video/110/cell-compartments Exocytotic Transport www.DNAtube.com http://www.dnatube.com/video/321/Exocytotic-Transport Specialized Cells Muscles Action Potential and Muscle Contraction http://www.dnatube.com/video/1307/Action-Potentials-and-Muscle-Contraction http://www.dnatube.com/video/1306/Muscle-contraction Nerve cells finding pathways http://www.dnatube.com/video/78/Pathfinding-the-filopodia-cells-in-the-brain http://www.dnatube.com/video/1301/Neurons-and-Neuro-transmitters http://www.dnatube.com/video/1298/Neurons-and-How-They-Work http://www.dnatube.com/video/1105/Action-potential Synapse http://www.dnatube.com/video/227/Synapse http://www.dnatube.com/video/1310/Action-potential
  • 111.
  • 112. Free Bible Resources www.3Bible.com Check out the Free Online Videos. Chick Publishing www.Chick.com Online Books and Comics. First Baptist Church of Hammond IN. www.Baptist-City.com www.FBCHammond.com Audio Bible Studies North Valley Baptist Church www.NVBC.org Video Bible Conferences.