GENITOURINARY
SYSTEM

Genitourinary
- is a word that refers
to the urinary and
genital organs.

Genitourinary System
- encompasses the organs
of the genital
(reproductive) and urinary
systems.

Urology
- is the branch of medicine concerned with
the urinary tract in both genders and the
genital tract of the reproductive system.
Nephrology
- is the branch of medicine concerned with
the kidney.

Genitourinary Tract Infections
Genitourinary tract infections can be broadly
classified into:
a) urinary tract infections (UTI) including
cystitis, pyelonephritis and prostatitis; and
b) genital tract infections including
urethritis, cervicitis, epididymitis,genital
ulcerative diseases, endometritis, and pelvic
inflammatory disease.

Urinary Tract Infections
Agents causing UTI’s
1. Bacteria
* Escherichia coli, * Proteus mirabilis
* Pseudomonas aeruginosa * Klebsiella spp.
* Citrobacter freundii * Enterobacter
spp.
* Morganella morganii

Urinary Tract Infections
Agents causing UTI’s
1. Bacteria
* Enterococcus spp. * E. faecalis
* Staphylococcus spp. * E. faecium
* S. saprophyticus * S. aureus
* Corynebacterium urealyticum

Agents causing UTI’s
2. Fungi
* Candida spp. *Aspergillus spp.
* Cryptococcus neoformans
* Blastomyces dermatitidis
* Histoplasma capsulatum
* Coccidioides immitis,
Urinary Tract Infections

Urinary Tract Infections
Agents causing UTI’s
3.Virus
* BK virus
* Adenovirus
* Cytomegalovirus

Sexually transmitted infections and
infections of the genital tract
Agents causing UTI’s
1. Bacteria
* N. gonorrhoeae * Mycoplasma spp.
* C. trachomatis * Haemophilus ducreyi
* Ureaplasma urealyticum
* Treponema pallidum

Sexually transmitted infections and
infections of the genital tract
Agents causing UTI’s
2.Fungi
* Candida spp.

Sexually transmitted infections and
infections of the genital tract
Agents causing UTI’s
3. Virus
* Adenovirus * Mycoplasma spp.
* Herpes simplex virus (HSV) * rubella
* Human papillomavirus (HPV) * Mumps
* Coxsackie virus,

Sexually transmitted infections and
infections of the genital tract
Agents causing UTI’s
4. Protozoa
* Trichomonas vaginalis
5. Lice
* Phthirus pubis
* Sarcoptes scabiei

Symptoms of UTI’s includes;
1.dysuria
2.urgency
3.frequency
4. suprapubic pain or tenderness.

1.Urethitis
- is characterized by dysuria and
urethral discharge.
2.Prostatitis
- Lower abdominal or perianal discomfort
and prostate tenderness.

3. Cystitis
- suprapubic pain and bladder spasms
suggestive of clots causing bladder outlet
obstruction.
4. Pyelonephritis
- the presence of fever, chills, flank
pain, pain or tenderness over the native or
transplanted kidney, and nonspecific systemic
symptoms