1. The highest recorded wind speed occurred in Mount Washington, New Hampshire in 1934 at 372 km/h. 2. Air pressure is the force exerted by the weight of air above and is measured using a barometer. It affects wind, temperature, humidity and weather forecasting. 3. Differences in air pressure cause wind, with air flowing from high to low pressure areas. The rotation of the Earth causes the Coriolis effect which deflects winds right in the Northern Hemisphere.