Family and education

1. Family and Education
December 1st, 2014
Daniel Gabaldón-Estevan
Department of Sociology and Social Anthropology, University of Valencia (ES)

2. 2
Family and Education:
• Kinship, Marriage and the Family
• Education
• The relationship between Family and Education
Index

3. Kinship, Marriage and the Family
3

4. A family is defined as ‘a group of persons
directly linked by kin connections, the adult
members of which assume responsibility for
caring for children’ and ‘kin’ are those linked by
marriage or blood relationships (p. 384).
4
Kinship, Marriage and the Family
(Giddens, A. 1992 Sociology, pp. 383-415)
Kinship ties are connections between
individuals, established either through
marriage, or through the lines of descendent
that connect blood relatives (mothers, fathers,
other offspring, grand parents, etc.)(p. 384).
Marriage can be defined as a socially
acknowledge and approved sexual union
Clan groups between two adult individuals. (p. 384).

5. 5
Kinship, Marriage and the Family
(Giddens, A. 1992 Sociology, pp. 383-415)
Nuclear family vs Extended family
Rise of affective individualism
Family relationships
Families of orientation vs procreation
Patrilineal / matrilineal
Matrilocal / patrilocal / neolocal
Monogamy (20%) and polygamy (80%)
[Serial monogamy] [Polyandry (4/565); Polygyny]
Extension of children's rights
Higher levels of sexual freedom
More exogamy and les endogamy
Women empowerment
Free choice of spouse
Declining of clans and other corporate kin

6. 6
Kinship, Marriage and the Family
(Giddens, A. 1992 Sociology, pp. 383-415)
Uncoupling (often social separation precedes)
Divorce and separation
Transitions in divorce
Emotional divorce
Economic divorce
Divorce
and children
Remarriage [men 5/6; women 3/4]
Step-families [step-parent; step-child]
Co-parental divorce
Community divorce
Psychic divorce
From adversary system
to ‘no fault divorce’
Legal divorce

7. 7
Kinship, Marriage and the Family
(Giddens, A. 1992 Sociology, pp. 383-415)
The dark side of the family
Incestuous
abuse
of children
Most common
between fathers or
stepfathers and
young daughters
70-80% of incest
Domestic violence primarily a male
domain [often a form of gender violence]
“physical abuse directed by one member
of the family against another or others”
Prime targets of physical abuse children <6
Step-families [step-parent; step-child]
Mental disorder a minority
Not a preference but a matter of
availability coupled with power
Often timid, awkward and inadequate
in their dealings with other adults
Conflict and hostility
Variability in
length,
depth and
aftershock
‘Male inexpressiveness’, sexuality, power,
Submissiveness in their partners
Violence by females is more restrained and
episodic than that of men and much less
likely to cause enduring physical harm
Why? Intimacy and tolerated

8. From the Family to the Families (Obiol, S. (2011) El cambio familiar y el
proceso educativo in Beltrán, J. & Hernàndez, FJ. Sociología de la
educación. McGraw-Hill, Madrid. 75-99.
↓marriages
↑mean age of marriage
↑ staying in parental household
↑ secularization of marriage
Same gender couples
↑ divorces & “express” divorce
8
Patriarchy: political
& economic unit
Industrialization causes privacy
and new institutions (like the
school system)
Specialization in the socialization &
breeding of children and gender
differentiation (public/private) (T. Parsons)
Generalized presence of
women: labour market &
education system (feminism)
No unique form of legitimate
family (‘70) individualization,
negotiation & reflexivity
New families are:
Varied,
Have no barriers,
Brake linearity
Not provisional
Public character and legitimate
Chosen situation
Cohabitation (Registered couples)
Reconstructed families
Monoparental families (risk factor)
Rainbow families

9. 9
Divorce in the UE, 1970 to 2010

10. 10
Divorce-marriage ratio in the world

11. 11
Education

12. Biology, functions & socialization

13. History

14. Inequalities

15. Family

16. School organization

17. Teachers

18. Students

19. Education and work

20. 20
Education: the Social functions of the school
guard and custody
Changes in the families
Urbanization and migrations
Women emancipation
retention
Delayed working age
social cohesion
national identity
construction
Homogenization
Uniformization
Centralization
Secularization
Bureaucratization
Language
Culture
Legal framework
Market (monetary and
measurement systems)
History and common
referents
Functions
capacitation and
socialization for
labour (Human
Capital theory)
distribution of
social
positions

21. 21
Education: distribution of social positions
The distribution of social positions is done through competences sanctioned
by means of a complex system of certificates, titles and credentials.
This mechanism is institutionalized by means of universal, free and
compulsory education, which “guarantees” equality of opportunity for
all the population and pivots on:
 merit (capacity, intelligence, effort, discipline, sacrifice)
 qualification (certifications, titles and credentials)
 formal education is the mean to obtain merit and qualification
 possibilities depend on preferences and capacities
 and capacities are randomly distributed
The above means the primacy of adscript status (due to merit) over
inherited filiation or acquired status (due to birth)

22. Critical views on education
Frato Tonucci 22

23. Noam Chomsky on education
(http://youtu.be/DdNAUJWJN08) original
(http://youtu.be/AsZJxDsd1Q8) subtitles
23

24. Earnings by social class and sex and ethnic group, 1999

25. 25
Life expectancy at birth by social class and sex, 1997-99

26. Gender inequality

27. Thank you for your attention!!!
Daniel Gabaldón-Estevan | Tallinn 01/12/2014
Department of Sociology and Social Anthropology, Faculty of Social Sciences,
University of Valencia- Valencia (ES) - daniel.gabaldon@uv.es - www.uv.es/dagaes
http://www.slideshare.net/DanielGabaldnEstevan
http://scholar.google.com/citations?hl=es&user=iw85GxUAAAAJ
https://uv.academia.edu/DanielGabald%C3%B3nEstevan
https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Daniel_Gabaldon-Estevan
https://www.linkedin.com/pub/daniel-gabad%C3%B3n-estevan/23/722/aaa
http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2086-5012
http://www.researcherid.com/rid/B-5195-2011