DSD-INT 2018 Tidal propagation and salt intrusion in the multi-channel estuarine system of the Mekong Delta, Vietnam - Eslami Arab
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The document summarizes research on tidal propagation and salt intrusion in the Mekong Delta estuarine system in Vietnam. Field measurements were taken to study how salinity changed over time. A barotropic model was developed and calibrated to model tides, discharge division between channels, and salt intrusion. The model findings showed that temporal discharge division can differ significantly from cumulative averages and is influenced by tides and subtidal water levels, especially in the dry season. Discharge variations were found to significantly impact salt intrusion.
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DSD-INT 2018 Tidal propagation and salt intrusion in the multi-channel estuarine system of the Mekong Delta, Vietnam - Eslami Arab
- 1. Faculty of Geosciences RISE AND FALL: Tidal propagation and salt intrusion in the multi- channel estuarine system of the Mekong Delta, Vietnam Sepehr Eslami Maarten van der Vegt Nguyen Trung Nam Herman Kernkamp Arthur van Dam Piet Hoekstra 13 . Nov . 2018
- 2. Faculty of Geosciences CONTENT • Mekong Delta • Field Campaign • D-Flow FM modelling • Model Findings • Conclusions Mekong Delta Field campaign FM modelling Findings Conclusions Introduction
- 3. Faculty of Geosciences • 40-160Mt/yr of sediment Milliman & Fransworth (2011), Kummu et al. (2014), Nowacki et al. (2015), Darby et al. (2016), Vo et al. (2017), • 300 - 550 billion m3/yr fresh water • Seasonality NW SE Mekong Delta Field campaign FM modelling Findings Conclusions Introduction
- 4. Faculty of Geosciences The Mekong Delta Coumou & Minderhoud (2016) Minderhoud et. Al. (2017) • 2,5 million m3/day groundwater extraction • 80 million m3/day surface water extraction (1000 m3/Sec) Mekong River Bassac River Population 22 million 50% of Nation’s Food • Extensive agriculture & aquaculture Subsidence Water Quality Erosion Salt intrusion Flooding 4m tidal difference Smagjl et. Al. (2015) Mekong Delta Field campaign FM modelling Findings Conclusions Introduction
- 5. Faculty of Geosciences Mekong Delta Field campaign FM modelling Findings Conclusions Introduction
- 6. Faculty of Geosciences Measurement campaign Objective: • Measuring record salt intrusion Mekong Delta Field campaign FM modelling Findings Conclusions Introduction
- 7. Faculty of Geosciences Measurement campaign
- 10. Faculty of Geosciences Salt intrusion length 50km Nguyen & Savenije (2006) Mekong Delta Field campaign FM modelling Findings Conclusions Introduction
- 11. Faculty of Geosciences How did salinity change in time? Can Tho
- 12. Faculty of Geosciences What did we learn? • Salt intrusion responds to: 1. Discharge 2. Tidal variations 3. Subtidal variations a) Spring-neap cycle b) Wind-generated surge
- 13. Faculty of Geosciences Barotropic Modelling - 1D rivers and canals ▪ 1400 channels ▪ 4300 profiles - 54 Movable dams - Observation points - 1D & 2D (Vo et al. 2017) - Water demand - Offshore boundary Tidal + subtidal - Discharge upstream - Subtidal water level Mekong Delta Field campaign FM modelling Findings Conclusions Introduction
- 14. Faculty of Geosciences model calibration Outline R&F Proj. context Structure Part-1 Part-2 Part-3 Part-4 Progress
- 21. Faculty of Geosciences Tidal propagation Mekong Delta Field campaign FM modelling Findings Conclusions Introduction
- 22. Faculty of Geosciences Cumulative Discharge Division Article Fraction of main channel discharge Dinh An Tran De Nguyen et al. (2008) 70% 30% Nowacki et al. (2015) 40% 60% Xing et al. (2017) 94% 6% Our Calculation 60% 28% Mekong Delta Field campaign FM modelling Findings Conclusions Introduction 12% demand
- 23. Faculty of Geosciences Temporal Discharge Division Mekong Delta Field campaign FM modelling Findings Conclusions Introduction
- 24. Faculty of Geosciences Temporal Discharge Division, Sensitivity Analysis Mekong Delta Field campaign FM modelling Findings Conclusions Introduction
- 25. Faculty of Geosciences • The barotropic D-Flow FM model calibrated in the multi- channel estuarine system of the Mekong Delta. • Temporal discharge division can be dramatically different from cumulative discharge division. • During the dry season, tidal and subtidal water level play significant role in discharge division. • Discharge variations, during the dry season, are expected to significantly influence salt intrusion. Summary Mekong Delta Field campaign FM modelling Findings Conclusions Introduction
- 26. Faculty of Geosciences Temporal discharge division, Sensitivity analysis
- 27. Faculty of Geosciences , 80km ,180km Mekong Delta Field campaign FM modelling Findings Conclusions Introduction
- 28. Faculty of Geosciences Effect of secondary channels • The secondary channels ➢ 1% of the total volume • If we remove the secondary channels without re-calibration Mekong Delta Field campaign FM modelling Findings Conclusions Introduction