1. 1 © Nokia 20161 © Nokia 2016
David Soldani
Head of 5G Technology, E2E, Global, Nokia
• https://de.linkedin.com/in/dr-david-soldani-3366a0a
Zinnov Confluence 2016, Munich, Germany
• http://confluence.zinnov.com/germany/
The path to 5G

2. 2 © Nokia 2016
LTE-Advanced Pro brings 5G capabilities
10x Performance for new verticals
LTE = Releases 8-9
LTE-Advanced = Releases 10-12
LTE-Advanced Pro = Release 13 and beyond
20 MHz bandwidth
150 Mbps
10-20 ms latency
• 5G capabilities on
top of LTE network
• Massive IoT
• Critical machine
communications
LTE Release 8 LTE Advanced Pro New service capabilities
10x data rate
10x battery life
10x lower latency
10x larger coverage
10x lower IoT cost
10x more capacity

3. 3 © Nokia 2016
Higher Carrier Aggregation
Up to 32 carriers
• 800Mbps (4CC)
• 1Gbps (5CC)
• >1Gbps (>5CC)
Intelligent connectivity
LWA, LWIP and LAA
Internet of Things
NB-IoT, eMTC
Advanced Antenna System
Massive MIMO, MU-MIMO,
3D-MIMO
Cloud RAN
Virtualization of the RAN
Latency Reduction
New type of services
Cars, Robots, Public Safety
Nokia AirScale portfolio supports LTE-A Pro features for 5G like services
New radio portfolio Macro, Small, Wi-Fi

4. 4 © Nokia 2016
Narrowband IoT (NB-IoT) Upgrade on Top of LTE Network
LTE-
Advanced
NB-IoT
Coverage 140-145 dB 164 dB Deep indoor coverage
with +20 dB link budget
Operation time with with
two AA batteries
1 year 10 years Deploy and forget from
battery life point of view
Device cost Reference -85% Lower cost chip set
enables $2,…$5 modules

5. 5 © Nokia 2016, Public Uwe Puetzschler, „Looking beyond the horizon - Advanced communications for connected cars”
Use case examples
Latency
[ms]
Co-operative
road safety
Vehicle status
warnings
Emergency electronic brake
lights
<= 100
Vehicle type warnings Emergency vehicle warning <= 100
Traffic hazard
warnings
Stationary vehicle warning <= 100
Dynamic vehicle
warnings
Lane change assistance <= 100
Source: ETSI TR 102 638 V1.1.1 (2009-06) ITS; Basic Set of Applications
Intelligent Transport Systems (IST): Use cases and requirements
Source of pictures: ETSI TR 102 638 V1.1.1 (2009-06)
Emergency Electronic
Brake Lights activated
Emergency
Vehicle Warning
Co-0perative lane
Change assistance
Example of Stationary
Vehicles: Cars in accident

6. 6 © Nokia 2016
V2X – vehicle-to-vehicle/infrastructure communications via LTE and ITS G5
ITS-G5 / DSRC
Network
LTE Mobile
Base Stations
Clouds
Mobile LTE/Cellular Network
LTE + ITS-G5
Onboard Unit
LTE + ITS-G5
Onboard Unit
Car OEM A
Auto Cloud
Car OEM B
Auto Cloud
HERE
Auto Cloud
Service Provider
Cloud(s)…
Vehicles
ITS-G5 / DSRC
Network
Roadside
Infrastructure
Edge
Service
Edge
Service
LTE + ITS-G5
Onboard Unit

7. 7 © Nokia 2016
V2X – vehicle-to-vehicle/infrastructure communications via LTE and LTE V
LTE Mobile
Base Stations
Clouds
Mobile LTE/Cellular Network
LTE + LTE V
Onboard Unit
LTE + LTE V
Onboard Unit
Car OEM A
Auto Cloud
Car OEM B
Auto Cloud
HERE
Auto Cloud
Service Provider
Cloud(s)…
Vehicles Roadside
Infrastructure
Edge
Service
Edge
Service
LTE + LTE V
Onboard Unit

8. 8 © Nokia 2016
November 2015: Car2x showcased at A9 in Deutsche Telekom‘s live LTE
network
Use cases
1. Cooperative overtaking
assistant
2. Electronic brake light
 Robust application
latency below 20ms end-
to-end
Teamwork
• Deutsche Telekom live LTE
• Nokia Mobile Edge
Computing
• Fraunhofer onboard units
• Continental in-car
applications
Partners

9. 9
Status quo: Standard communications between cars and central cloud
LTE network
Central cloud for
connected cars
>>100 ms
Section of A9 test bed

10. 10
3 Base stations with Mobile Edge Computing reduce latency
Distributed „cloudlets“
for connected cars
Central cloud for
connected cars
20 ms
LTE network
2
3
1
Section of A9 test bed

11. 11 © Nokia 2016
Partners and their contributions to the demo solution
• On-board-unit (OBU) and its software
platform
• Geo-service running on Mobile Edge server
• Network and network operations
• Network security
• Use case design and tablet based application
• Interface between car electronics to On-
board-unit (OBU)
• Mobile Edge Computing IT-platform
• E2E test and general project management

12. 13
Three base stations at the A9 equipped with Mobile Edge Computing
2
3
1

13. 14 © Nokia Solutions and Networks 2015
Use case 1: Emergency electronic brake lights
Public
<20 ms
1 km
Brake
Slow
down

14. 15
Use case 2: Cooperative Overtaking Assistant
Turn signal
<500 m40 m (at speed difference of 25 km/h)
20 ms
Slow
down
Car
ahead
Keep
lane
Car
overtaking

15. 16
Use case 2: Cooperative Passing Assistant – Impressions from the A9

16. 17 © Nokia 2016, Public Uwe Puetzschler, „Looking beyond the horizon - Advanced communications for connected cars”
We implement elements of 5G today!
Mobile Edge Computing for secure vehicle-to-vehicle
communications delivering low latencies
Existing LTE networks can be upgraded to support V2X
with relatively low investment
LTE with Mobile Edge Computing can complement
ITS-G5: Both form a comprehensive communications
infrastructure on the way to improved traffic safety and
automated driving
LTE & MEC
communication
Short, mid and long range V2X
New use cases with required latency and distributed
functionality to support distributed analytics, enriched
predictive algorithms, …

17. 18 © Nokia Solutions and Networks 2014
Differences between 5G and LTE
Where mmWave system are positioned to meet the 5G requirements
IoT Density
1000x
Peak Rates
100x
Latency
-80%
Service Intro
-93%
Data Volume
1000x
Reliability
+90%
Energy
-90%
Mobility
500km/h
255ms
45 9’s
90 days  90 min
10% of current
1K1M/km2
100Mbps10Gbps
10Gb/s/km210Tb/s/km2
Key Metrics
• 10Gbps
• 1ms RAN
• 5ms e2e
• 99.999%
• 1M/km2
LTE
5G
• 5G will first happen <6 GHz
• Mainstream global band will be 3.5 GHz
• mm Wave will follow later to improve:
1. Peak rate > 10 Gb/s
2. Speed > 100 Mb/s everywhere
3. Radio interface latency < 1 ms

18. 19 © Nokia 2016
10 years100 Mbps 10-100 x10,000 x ultra low>10 Gbps <1 ms
1ms Radio | Enabling a new generation of latency critical services
Public
E2E latency aware scheduler
Autonomous
driving and
Industry 4.0
<1ms latency
on commercial
AirScale radio access
Pipeline
processing
Latency
optimized
frame structure
Sensor propagation delay
Scheduling / grant signaling delay
Radio transmission
Infrastructure delay
D2Donly
D2D+
D-Infra-D
E2E latency
W/o wireless communications
(e.g. propagation of sensor reaction only) 300ms
42msLTE-A D2D (public safety)
50ms802.11p
LTE-A D2D ~10ms
(Rel. 13 pot.)
5G ~1ms
~10msLTE-A
5G ~2.5ms
Dynamic
uplink-downlink
DMRS = Demodulation Reference Signal; GP = Guard Period
<1 ms>10 Gbps
Tactile internet
services

19. 20
5G
LTE
20 Gbps Peak Data Rate with Large Bandwidth
200
MHz
500 MHz
2000 MHz
5x20 MHz = 100 MHz in
Release 10 with 2x2MIMO
Larger bandwidth brings higher data rates – both peak and average – and it is
more efficient than multicarrier solution
1.0 Gbps
4.0 Gbps 4x4 MIMO
10 Gbps 4x4 MIMO
20 Gbps 2x2 MIMO

20. 21 © Nokia 2016
5G Coverage Footprint
5G 700
LTE800
LTE1800
5G 3500
mMIMO
5G mm-
waves
• Full coverage @ 700 MHz
• Match LTE1800 @ 3500 MHz massive MIMO
• Extreme local capacity @ mm waves
Deep
indoor
High rates with
1800 MHz grid
Extreme local
data rates
100 Mbps
1 Gbps
10 Gbps

21. 22
>1000x Higher Capacity than Today’s Hotspots
Maximum Throughput per Operator per km2
Spectrum
[MHz]
Site density [/km2]
40 MHz
200 MHz
600 MHz
2000 MHz
20/km2 50/km2 150/km2 300/km2
5G/LTE
<6 GHz
5G at
cm
5G at
mm
LTE
today
Per operator in
downlink
1 Gbps
/km2
10 Gbps
/km2
100 Gbps
/km2
>1 Tbps
/km2

22. 23 © Nokia 2016
From LTE to end-to-end 5G
LTE LTE core
5G Control plane via LTELTE
NEW
5G User plane via
LTE or direct
5G NEW
LTE core + 5G
compatible
functionality
5G phase 1
5G radio in a dual connectivity
mode with LTE as an anchor
Distributed radio and core architecture
to deliver the required low latency
5G
NEW
LTE NEW Both LTE and 5G access
5G core via common interface
5G core5G phase 2
New 5G core network and standalone 5G radio
access without the need for an LTE anchor
5G User plane
5G Control plane
LTE User plane
LTE Control plane
Today

23. 24 © Nokia 2016
10 years100 Mbps 10-100 x10,000 x ultra low>10 Gbps <1 ms
Core cloud
Efficient composition and interactions | Simplified, flexible architecture
Data centric architecture with generic procedures
10 years100 Mbps 10-100 x10,000 x ultra low>10 Gbps <1 ms
Independent RAN
core evolution
Independent intra
core evolution
Generic
procedures based
on consumer
provider model
not message
driven
Functions
consolidation/use
case based
decomposition
Any to any
interaction model

24. © Nokia 201625
Korea Winter
Olympics 2018
Pre-Standard
Japan Summer
Olympics 2020
3GPP-Standard
5G Introduction in Phases
USA
Extreme Broadband
Pre-Standard
2013 2014 2015 2016 2018 2019 2020 2021 202220172014
LTE Evolution
R14R13R12 R16R15
Verizon
WRC-19 >6GHzWRC-15 <6GHz
Requirements SI
Technology SI
Phase 1 WIs
Phase 2 WIs
KT, SKT NTT DoCoMo
Global 5G Plan & Milestones
• 5G Phase I: Spec’ completion by mid-2018 for 3GPP- compliant deployments from 2019/2020
• Spectrum < 6GHz and > 24GHz, Standalone and Non-Standalone

25. 27 © 2016 Nokia27 © Nokia 2016
AirScale
• 2Tbps connectivity backplane
• Already 400MHz RF Bandwidth
• MWC16 supported key 5G technology
Thank You!