Development of Stomach

1. Derivatives of CaudalDerivatives of Caudal
Part of ForegutPart of Foregut
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 1- Esophagus.1- Esophagus.
 2- Stomach.2- Stomach.
 3- Proximal part of duodenum.3- Proximal part of duodenum.
 4- Liver, gall bladder and4- Liver, gall bladder and
pancreas.pancreas.
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2. DevelopmentDevelopment
of Esophagusof Esophagus
(page 77)(page 77)

3. Development of EsophagusDevelopment of Esophagus
 It develops from foregutIt develops from foregut caudal tocaudal to
laryngo-tracheal groovelaryngo-tracheal groove till stomach.till stomach.
 Firstly it is very short, thenFirstly it is very short, then elongateelongate
after descend of the heart.after descend of the heart.
 Muscles of esophagusMuscles of esophagus are developedare developed
from surroundingfrom surrounding mesodermmesoderm..

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7. CongenitalCongenital
AnomaliesAnomalies

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9. Formation of GutFormation of Gut
& Related& Related
MesenteriesMesenteries

10. Bucco-pharyngeal
membrane
Cloacal
membrane
Notochord
Intermediate mesoderme
Paraxial mesoderm
Lateral plate mesoderm
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11. NotochordSomites of Paraxial
mesoderm
Intermediate mesoderm
Intraembryonic
coelom
Pericardium
Pleura
Peritoneal
canal
Cardiogeni
c area
Septum
transversum

12. Ectoderm
Mesoderm
Endoderm
Buccopharyngeal membrane
Cloacal
membrane
Hindgut
Midgut
Foregut
Forebrain
Forebrain bulge
Pericardial bulge
Vitelline duct Allantois
Definitive yolk sac
Stomodeum
L.S. in folded embryo
Pericardiu
m
Septum
transversum
Heart

13. Formation of MesentryFormation of Mesentry

14. Development ofDevelopment of
StomachStomach
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15. Anatomy ofAnatomy of
StomachStomach

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21. Abdominal aorta
Artery of foregut
(Celiac trunk)
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22. Development ofDevelopment of
StomachStomach
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23. Developmet of StomachDevelopmet of Stomach
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33. Final Shape of StomachFinal Shape of Stomach
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34. Steps of stomachSteps of stomach
developmentdevelopment
 It starts at the 5It starts at the 5thth
week by aweek by a fusiformfusiform dilatationdilatation
which has:which has:
 Upper and lower narrow ends.Upper and lower narrow ends.
 Anterior and posterior borders which are connectedAnterior and posterior borders which are connected
to anterior and posterior abdominal walls by ventralto anterior and posterior abdominal walls by ventral
and dorsal mesogastria.and dorsal mesogastria.
 Right and left surfaces which are covered withRight and left surfaces which are covered with
peritoneum.peritoneum.
-This is followed by-This is followed by rapid growth of posteriorrapid growth of posterior
borderborder to formto form greater curvaturegreater curvature while thewhile the
anterior border formsanterior border forms lesser curvaturelesser curvature..

35. -Liver is formed in ventral mesentery, spleen is formed in
dorsal mesentery.
-Rotation of stomach to the right (clockwise) for 90
degrees.
- Results of rotation:
1- Lesser curvature is directed to the right, while greater
curvature is directed to left.
2- Left surface is directed anteriorly, right surface is directed
posteriorly.
3- Formation of a peritoneal sac behind the stomach, called
lesser sac.
4- Left & right vagi will be anterior and posterior gastric nerves.

36. 5- Ventral mesogastrium forms lesser omentum,
capsule around liver, falciform ligament and
coronary ligaments.
6- Dorsal mesogastrium forms gastrophrenic,
gastrosplenic, lienorenal ligaments and greater
omentum.
N.B. Stomach is supplied by artery of foregut which is
celiac trunk.

37. Congenital AnomaliesCongenital Anomalies
 1-1- Pyloric stenosis:Pyloric stenosis: Congenital narrowingCongenital narrowing
of pyloric orifice.of pyloric orifice.
 2-2- Hour glass stomach:Hour glass stomach: constriction ofconstriction of
stomach dividing it into 2 dilated parts with astomach dividing it into 2 dilated parts with a
narrowing inbetween.narrowing inbetween.
 3-3- Thoracic stomach:Thoracic stomach: Protrusion of upperProtrusion of upper
part of stomach through diaphragm due topart of stomach through diaphragm due to
short esophagus.short esophagus.