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1. The Different Parts of The Brain
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Development. The brain lies within the cranial cavity of the skull. It
develops from a single tube which initially shows three
enlargements, the forse-runners of the brain, termed, force brain,
mid-brain and hind-brain.
The Cerebrum fills the front and upper portion of the cranial
cavity, termed respectively the anterior and middle cranial fossa. It
consists of two large hemispheres of nerve cells (grey matter) and
nerve fibers (white matter). The outer layer of grey matter is
termed the cortex. The two cerebral hemispheres are separated by a
deep cleft, but united at their bases by the corpus callosum, a mass
of white matter consisting of verve fibers. Beneath this are island of
gray matter, the basal ganglia
Areas of the Brain_ Fissures and sulci divide the cerebral
hemisphere into areas. The cerebral cortex is arranged in con-
volitions or irregular folds in order to increase the expanse of grey
matter. The depressions between the convolution and lateral
fissures. These fissures or sulci divide the brain into named areas or
lobes which correspond in position to the bones beneath which
correspond in position to the bones beneath which they lie, e.g the
frontal, temporal parietal and occipital lobes.

2. The longitudinal fissure is a deep cleft in the medial plane
separating the cerebrum into right and left cerebral hemispheres;
into it dips a thin plate of dura mater called the falx cerebri.
Similarly I thin partition of dura, the flax cerebella, divides the
cerebellum into right and left hemispheres.
The lateral; sulcus, or the fissure of Sylvius, separates the
temporal lobe from the frontal lobe (anteriorly) and from the
parietal lobe more posteriorly.
The central sulcus or fissure of Rolando separates the frontal
from the parietal lobes. The occipital lobes of the cerebrum are
situated behind the parietal lobes and rest upon the tentorium

3. cerebeli-a fold of dura mater which separates the middle cranial
fossa from the posterior cranial fossa below.
The Cerebral Cortex is composed of many layers of nerve cell;
it is the grey matter of the cerebrum. It is arranged in irregular folds
or convolutions, an arrangement which in creases the surface area
of the cerebral cortex, as scalloping a piece of material increases the
length of its exact edge.
The white matter lies more deeply and consists of the nerve
fibres belonging to the cells of the cortex.
The cerebral cortex is divide into various areas , some motor
and some sensory in function.
The motor area lies just in front of the central sulcus, extending
down as far as the lateral sulcus. This area of the cortex contains
large cells which from the beginning of the motor pathway which
controls movement of the opposite side of the body. The body is
represented upside down-the lower limb, trunk, upper limb, neck
and finally head control ling areas lie, from above down, in the
motor area as indicated in Fig.
The lowest part of motor cortex is called Broca’s area and is
concerned with speech, Broca’s area lies in the left cerebral
hemisphere in righ-handed people, and on the opposite side in those
who are left-handed.