1. • Theme 2
• Names of students:
• Velazquez Rios Daniel
• Cornejo Garcia Dilan
• Grade & Group: 5º “B”
• Teacher: Federico Rodriguez Pujol
• Subject: Ensamblar y Configurar
Equipo de Computo

2. The motherboard
The motherboard is the most important component of a computer.
This is the device that functions as a platform or a computer's main
circuit, integrates and coordinates all its other elements. It is also
known as motherboard, center plate, motherboard, motherboard or
Board (English motherboard, mainboard).
The motherboard is a board that contains all the connectors needed
to connect other computer cards. A motherboard contains the
connectors of the processor, RAM, BIOS, doors in series, parallel
gates, expanded memory, display, keyboard, hard drive, plugs. Once
the motherboard is equipped with the elements that have been
mentioned, it is called "Chipset" or set of processors.
The motherboard should perform basically the following:
• Physical Connection.
• Management, control and distribution of electricity.
• Data communication.
• Timing.
• Sync.
• Control and monitoring.
For the board to fulfill its mandate, has installed a very basic software
called BIOS.

4. Types of motherboard
There AT (advanced technology) and ATX (Advanced
Technology Extended), the Baby-AT is a variant of the
AT.
The AT dates from 1984, used by IBM and its clones.
The Baby-AT was introduced by IBM in 1985 (smaller and
cheaper than the AT).
And that completely replaced the ATX to AT in 1997.
There for AMD or Intel.
They have a Northbridge and Southbridge, the former
brought a chip called Super I / O, has a chip called the
BIOS, memory slots, microprocessor socket, expansion
slots (can be ISA, VESA Local Bus, PCI, AGP,
PCIexpress) connectors for units, a power connector,
jumpers

6. • Where is the RAM?
• RAM is a random access memory, is loaded
with your computer processes for the
fulfillment of its crude explanation is in your
motherboard or system board or
motherboard, are some saucers like a
cartridge Super Nintendo or Nintendo 64 with
several side transistors are small about
10cm. and have a notch, or hole, to remove
only the plastic feet moves outward, pressing
both strong but not strong

8. • Types of RAM
• There are three types of RAM, the former are the DRAM, SRAM and an
emulation called Swap
• Type 1, DRAM: acronyms come from ("Dynamic Memory Read
Aleatory") or dynamic, because their chips are built of condensers
(capacitors), which need to constantly refresh your load (bits) and this
detracts speed but in return are economically priced.
• Type 2. SRAM: acronyms come from ("Static Memory Read
Aleatory") or static, because their chips are built of transistors, which
do not need to constantly refresh your load (bits) and this makes them
very fast but also very faces. Cache The term is often used to stop
these memories, however it is also possible to find suitable cache
segments on hard drives, flash drives and SSDs.
• Type 3. Swap. Virtual memory or swap memory ("swap") is not RAM as
such, but an emulation (functional simulation), this means that you
create a large file on the hard drive or SSD, which stores information
by pretending to be RAM when this is partially filled, thus avoiding to
stop computer services.

10. • Primary Storage
• Primary memory is directly connected to the CPU of the
computer. Must be present for the CPU to work properly.
Primary storage consists of three types of storage:
• The processor registers are internal to the CPU. Technically, it
is the fastest of the different types of computer storage, being
switching transistors integrated on the silicon chip
microprocessor (CPU) that function as "flip-flop" electronic.
• Cache memory is a special type of memory used in many CPU
to improve efficiency or performance. Some information from
main memory is duplicated in the cache. Compared to the
records, the cache is slightly slower but higher capacity.
However, it is faster, although of much lower capacity than the
main memory. It is also commonly used the multi-level cache -
the "primary cache" that is smaller, faster and closer to the
processing device, the "secondary cache" that is larger and
slower, but faster and much smaller than main memory.
• Main memory contains the programs running and operating
data. It can transfer data quickly between Microprocessor
register and main storage locations. In modern computers used
random access memory based solid state electronics, which is
directly connected to the CPU via bus address, data and
control.

12. • Second Storage
• The processor is able to rapidly perform operations on data
stored in memory which is volatile and has a storage capacity
sufficient to store all data, thus, computers need to have some
form of permanent storage and massive . This is known as
secondary storage to the storage media outside the primary
storage. Magnetic tapes, disk packs, floppy disks and optical
storage disks are examples of secondary storage media. They
are cheaper than RAM and do not require a continuous supply
of energy to maintain the stored information.
• However it should be stressed that the information access
secondary storage is slower than RAM access. For example for
certain teams recover a single character from a PC memory
takes about 150 ns., Ie 150 millionths of a second while for the
mean time to recover that character in the PC disk is a bit May
75 ms., or 75 milliseconds.

14. • DDR
• (Double Data Rate). In computing, DDR is a computer bus that
operates at twice the rate of data transfer, both the rising edge and
falling edge of the clock signal.
• Also known as double pumped, dual-pumped, and double transition.
• This technique has been used in front of microprocessor buses, Ultra
SCSI-3, the AGP bus, DDR SDRAM and the HyperTransport bus on
AMD Athlon 64 processors.
• The simplest way to create an electronic circuit with clock operation is
to make a complete cycle of transfer (up and down) of the clock signal.
However, this requires that the clock signal transfer switch twice,
while the data lines changed at least once per transfer. When
operating on a signal of bandwidth high integrity constraints restrict
the clock frequency. Using both states (high and low) of the clock, the
data signals can operate on the same frequency limitation but with
double the transfer rate.

16. • BIOS
• The BIOS (stands for Basic Input / Output System, in Spanish
"Basic Input and Output") is a type of firmware locates and
prepares electronic components or peripherals from one
machine to communicate with an operating system that rule. To
do this simple machine program loaded in the RAM memory of
the device core. The program runs on an integrated circuit of
the motherboard and perform POST control of it in the boot or
on time, providing basic functionalities: check main memory
and secondary user communication via keyboard and monitor
or link processes by starting or booting with the operating
system kernel that govern the system. Usually the term is used
to refer to ambivalently software or ROM BIOS which
historically resided in computing systems based on the x86
architecture.

17. • Operation
• According to each manufacturer BIOS
perform different procedures, but
generally a copy of the firmware loaded
into the RAM memory, since the latter
is faster. Since detection is performed
there and the configuration of the
various devices that may contain an
operating system.

19. • Pile
• It is on a silver circle.
• Well that makes you remember stack data that is in the CMOS, BIOS
misnamed by some, and also that the internal clock will run when the
computer is off.
• The clock is as obvious as the CMOS is more difficult that requires
explanation.
• The CMOS and BIOS are two different things.
• The BIOS stands for Basic Input Output Sytem is a ROM (Read Only
Memory) as a chip that loads instantly and elementary functions for
controlling the computer keyboard while not loaded the operating
system (DOS, Windows, etc. )
• The CMOS, short for Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor,
remember information that you give when some one leaves the
computer and pressed the Delete key on alguos cases, or Esc, or F2,
depending on the computer, and get a blue screen where you can
configure things, eg where the operating system first looks, floppy, or
CD, or hard drive, and other things, and you can also get there a
password so only you can get into the computer (PC).

22. • PCI, "Peripheral Component Interconnect“
consists of two computer bus standard for
connecting peripheral devices directly to
your motherboard. These devices can be
adjusted in this integrated circuit (called
"planar devices" in the PCI specification) or
expansion cards that fit into connectors. It is
common in PC, which as been moved to the
ISA bus standard, but is also used in other
types of computers.

23. • What voltage consumes Broadband
Modem?
• A broadband modem consumes about
12 to 24 volts of power

25. • IDE
• The interface ATA (Advanced
Technology Attachment) or PATA,
originally known as IDE (Integrated
Device Electronics), is an interface
standard for connecting devices, mass
storage and optical drives using the
ATA standard and derivative ATAPI
standard.

27. • Wires SATA
• Serial ATA or SATA (acronym for Serial Advanced
Technology Attachment) is a data transfer interface
between the motherboard and some storage
devices, such as hard disk, regrabadores readers
and CD / DVD / BR, Solid State Drives or other high
performance devices that are still being developed.
Serial ATA replaces the traditional Parallel ATA or P-
ATA. SATA provides faster speeds, better use when
multiple units, longer cable and data transmission
units ability to connect instantly, ie insert the device
without turning off the computer or suffer a short
circuit as the old Molex

29. • CPU
• The central processing unit, or CPU CPU (the
acronym for Central Processing Unit), or just the
processor or microprocessor, is the main
component of computers and other programmable
devices, which interprets the instructions in
programs and processes data. CPUs provide the
fundamental characteristic of the digital computer
(programmability) and are one of the necessary
components found in computers of any era, along
with main memory and input / output. It is known as
the CPU chip that is manufactured with integrated
circuits. Since the mid-1970s, the single-chip
microprocessors have almost completely replaced
all the CPU types, and today the term "CPU" is
usually applied to all microprocessors.