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Slide 1

I Need an iPad: FAPE Requirements
for Assistive Technology Under the
IDEA and Section 504

___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________

Presented by: Diane Beall
January 16, 2014

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___________________________________

Slide 2

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Definition of Assistive Technology
Devices and Services under IDEA

___________________________________

 Any item, piece of equipment, or product system
 Used to increase, maintain or improve the functional
capabilities of a child with a disability

 Provided as part of special education, related services,
or supplemental aids and services
 Exempts surgically implanted medical devices

___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________

(20 USC 1402(1); Ed. Code 56020.5 )
2

Slide 3

___________________________________

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AT FAPE REQUIREMENTS

___________________________________

 LEA must ensure that AT services and devices

are made available to a disabled student if
required as part of the student’s special
education or related services (34 CFR
300.105(a))
 IEP team must consider, as part of the IEP
process, whether a disabled student requires
AT devices or services (34 CFR 300.324(a)(2)(v))
 Students identified as needing special
education are entitled to an individual
3

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Slide 4

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AT FAPE REQUIREMENTS, cont.
 IEP must show if IEP team determined student

requires AT to receive a FAPE, and nature and amount
of such services (OSEP Off. of Special Education
Programs, interpretative letter (November 27, 1991),
(18 IDELR 1697)
 School districts are generally not required to provide
the specific AT requested by parents (A.S. and W.S.,
etc. v. Trumbull Bd. of Education, 359 F.Supp.2d 152,
174-177 (D. Conn. 2006))

___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________

4

Slide 5

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AT and “Free” Issues
 Letter to Cohen (OSERS 1992): LEA must provide AT devices
and services at public expense

___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________

 LEA may access child’s public benefits with prior informed

consent and only when no loss in benefits to parents/child

 LEA may access parents’ private insurance with informed prior
consent, but LEA must pay parents’ out-of-pocket expenses
 LEA may not deny AT where parents do not consent to access
their private insurance, and provide notice to parents of same
(20 USC 1402(a)(12) and (e); 34 CFR 300.154(d)(1) and (e))
5

Slide 6

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___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________

___________________________________

Determining AT Needs: Present Levels of
Academic Achievement and Functional
Performance

___________________________________
___________________________________

Need?

What
need?

AT for
task

AT for
need

___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
6

___________________________________
Slide 7

___________________________________

Assistive Technology and
Educational Needs

___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________

Academic

Delays

Executive
Functioning

___________________________________

Communication
Deficits

___________________________________
___________________________________

7

Slide 8

___________________________________

Assistive Technology and
Educational Needs, cont.

___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________

Vision and
Hearing
Impairments

Motor and
Mobility
Limitations

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Social Skills

___________________________________
___________________________________

8

Slide 9

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Pre-evaluation AT Considerations

___________________________________

 IEP team to consider available potential interventions
 Review AT currently available in the classroom to

___________________________________

address skill deficits and needs

 Determine if available AT will allow student to access
the curriculum and make progress on goals

 Evaluate whether there is sufficient data to determine
if available AT effective for student

___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________

 If not, discuss whether AT evaluation required
9

___________________________________
Slide 10

___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
Consider High-tech, low-tech and non-tech options

10

Slide 11

___________________________________

___________________________________
Assistive Technology Checklist

___________________________________

Mechanics of
Writing

Alternate
Computer Access

Composing
Written Material

___________________________________

• Pencil/pen with
adaptive grip
• Weighted pen
• Slant board
• Portable word
processor
• Computer

• Modified
keyboard
• Trackball/track
pad
• Alternate
keyboard
• Voice software

• Electronic
dictionary
• Word
cards/word
book/word well
• Talking word
processor

___________________________________

11

Slide 12

___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________

___________________________________
Assistive Technology Checklist

___________________________________

Reading

Math

___________________________________

• Use of pictures
with text
• Electronic
books
• Scanner with
talking word
processor

• Talking
calculator
• Calculator with
large keys
• Software for
math
calculation

Learning/Studying

• Low tech aides
to find
materials
• Voice output
reminders for
assignments
• Software for
organization
12

___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
Slide 13

___________________________________
Assistive Technology Checklist
Communication
• Communication
board/book
with pictures
(PECS)
• Eye gaze board
• Voice output
device

Mobility

Daily Living

• Walker
• Grab rails
• Manual
wheelchair
• Powered
wheelchair

• Adaptive eating
and drinking
devices
• Adaptive
dressing
equipment

13

Slide 14

___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________

___________________________________
Assistive Technology Checklist

___________________________________

Hearing

___________________________________

Vision
• Large print
books
• Screen
magnification
software
• Braille
keyboard and
note taker

• Classroom
amplification
• Captioning
• Screen flash for
alert signals on
computer

Positioning
• Blocks for feet
• Adapted chair,
side lyer,
stander
• Custom fitted
wheelchair or
insert

14

Slide 15

___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________

___________________________________
AT Evaluations

___________________________________

 LEA may use screenings to determine instructional

strategies for accessing curriculum that involve AT,
such as software programs
 Formal evaluation to determine individualized AT
needs must be done in 60 days inclusive of “trialing”
(34 CFR 300.301(c)(1))
 No federal or state regulations specify the content of
an AT assessment or qualifications of AT assessor
(Clark County Sch. Dist., (2011) 112 LRP 1381)
15

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___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________

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Diane beal 1

  • 1. Slide 1 I Need an iPad: FAPE Requirements for Assistive Technology Under the IDEA and Section 504 ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ Presented by: Diane Beall January 16, 2014 ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ Slide 2 ___________________________________ Definition of Assistive Technology Devices and Services under IDEA ___________________________________  Any item, piece of equipment, or product system  Used to increase, maintain or improve the functional capabilities of a child with a disability  Provided as part of special education, related services, or supplemental aids and services  Exempts surgically implanted medical devices ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ (20 USC 1402(1); Ed. Code 56020.5 ) 2 Slide 3 ___________________________________ ___________________________________ AT FAPE REQUIREMENTS ___________________________________  LEA must ensure that AT services and devices are made available to a disabled student if required as part of the student’s special education or related services (34 CFR 300.105(a))  IEP team must consider, as part of the IEP process, whether a disabled student requires AT devices or services (34 CFR 300.324(a)(2)(v))  Students identified as needing special education are entitled to an individual 3 ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________
  • 2. Slide 4 ___________________________________ AT FAPE REQUIREMENTS, cont.  IEP must show if IEP team determined student requires AT to receive a FAPE, and nature and amount of such services (OSEP Off. of Special Education Programs, interpretative letter (November 27, 1991), (18 IDELR 1697)  School districts are generally not required to provide the specific AT requested by parents (A.S. and W.S., etc. v. Trumbull Bd. of Education, 359 F.Supp.2d 152, 174-177 (D. Conn. 2006)) ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ 4 Slide 5 ___________________________________ AT and “Free” Issues  Letter to Cohen (OSERS 1992): LEA must provide AT devices and services at public expense ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________  LEA may access child’s public benefits with prior informed consent and only when no loss in benefits to parents/child  LEA may access parents’ private insurance with informed prior consent, but LEA must pay parents’ out-of-pocket expenses  LEA may not deny AT where parents do not consent to access their private insurance, and provide notice to parents of same (20 USC 1402(a)(12) and (e); 34 CFR 300.154(d)(1) and (e)) 5 Slide 6 ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ Determining AT Needs: Present Levels of Academic Achievement and Functional Performance ___________________________________ ___________________________________ Need? What need? AT for task AT for need ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ 6 ___________________________________
  • 3. Slide 7 ___________________________________ Assistive Technology and Educational Needs ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ Academic Delays Executive Functioning ___________________________________ Communication Deficits ___________________________________ ___________________________________ 7 Slide 8 ___________________________________ Assistive Technology and Educational Needs, cont. ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ Vision and Hearing Impairments Motor and Mobility Limitations ___________________________________ Social Skills ___________________________________ ___________________________________ 8 Slide 9 ___________________________________ Pre-evaluation AT Considerations ___________________________________  IEP team to consider available potential interventions  Review AT currently available in the classroom to ___________________________________ address skill deficits and needs  Determine if available AT will allow student to access the curriculum and make progress on goals  Evaluate whether there is sufficient data to determine if available AT effective for student ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________  If not, discuss whether AT evaluation required 9 ___________________________________
  • 4. Slide 10 ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ Consider High-tech, low-tech and non-tech options 10 Slide 11 ___________________________________ ___________________________________ Assistive Technology Checklist ___________________________________ Mechanics of Writing Alternate Computer Access Composing Written Material ___________________________________ • Pencil/pen with adaptive grip • Weighted pen • Slant board • Portable word processor • Computer • Modified keyboard • Trackball/track pad • Alternate keyboard • Voice software • Electronic dictionary • Word cards/word book/word well • Talking word processor ___________________________________ 11 Slide 12 ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ Assistive Technology Checklist ___________________________________ Reading Math ___________________________________ • Use of pictures with text • Electronic books • Scanner with talking word processor • Talking calculator • Calculator with large keys • Software for math calculation Learning/Studying • Low tech aides to find materials • Voice output reminders for assignments • Software for organization 12 ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________
  • 5. Slide 13 ___________________________________ Assistive Technology Checklist Communication • Communication board/book with pictures (PECS) • Eye gaze board • Voice output device Mobility Daily Living • Walker • Grab rails • Manual wheelchair • Powered wheelchair • Adaptive eating and drinking devices • Adaptive dressing equipment 13 Slide 14 ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ Assistive Technology Checklist ___________________________________ Hearing ___________________________________ Vision • Large print books • Screen magnification software • Braille keyboard and note taker • Classroom amplification • Captioning • Screen flash for alert signals on computer Positioning • Blocks for feet • Adapted chair, side lyer, stander • Custom fitted wheelchair or insert 14 Slide 15 ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ AT Evaluations ___________________________________  LEA may use screenings to determine instructional strategies for accessing curriculum that involve AT, such as software programs  Formal evaluation to determine individualized AT needs must be done in 60 days inclusive of “trialing” (34 CFR 300.301(c)(1))  No federal or state regulations specify the content of an AT assessment or qualifications of AT assessor (Clark County Sch. Dist., (2011) 112 LRP 1381) 15 ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________