1. Traffic Safety in Cities in the Developing World: Challenges and Opportunities
"
June 4, 2013, Stockholm, Sweden"
! Claudia Adriazola-Steil!
! Director, Health & Road Safety
Program!
! EMBARQ!

2. Claudia Adriazola-Steil"
1. Background!
2. Holistic approach!
3. Avoid – Shift – Improve Framework!
4. Cities: what do they need?!
!
Overview"

5. 14%
in
1900
3%
in
1800
30%
in
1950
Over
50%
in
2007
Meta-Trends affecting cities
The transition to an urban millennium
The
Global
Popula<on

6.
2011
1
billion

7. 10
years
later….
1
billion
+1
billion

8. CITIES FOR PEOPLE, NOT ONLY FOR CARS
1.3
million
people

9. Claudia Adriazola-Steil"
"
! 90% of traffic fatalities occur in low and middle-income
countries and involve 70% of vulnerable users of the road!
Leading causes of premature death worldwide"
2004
1
Ischaemic
heart
disease
2
Cerebrovascular
disease
3
Lower
respiratory
infec<ons
4
Pulmonary
disease
5
Diarrhoeal
disease
6
HIV
/
AIDS
7
Tuberculosis
8
Lung
cancers
9
TRAFFIC
ACCIDENTS
10
Low
birth
weight
2030
1
Ischaemic
heart
disease
2
Cerebrovascular
disease
3
Pulmonary
disease
4
Lower
respiratory
infec<ons
5
TRAFFIC
ACCIDENTS
6
Lung
cancers
7
Diabetes
8
Hypertensive
heart
disease
9
Stomach
cancer
19
HIV
/
AIDS

10. CITIES FOR PEOPLE, NOT ONLY FOR CARS
4.2
million
people

11. CITIES FOR PEOPLE, NOT ONLY FOR CARS2
million
people

12. Claudia Adriazola-Steil"
"
Holistic approach"
Decreas
e in
VKT/
VMT
(exposur
e)
Increase
in risk
manage
-ment
through
better
system
design

13. Claudia Adriazola-Steil"
"
Characteristics"
! Compact, mixed use!
! Proximate, high-quality
infrastructure for pedestrians,
cyclists and transit!
! Nearby services, green
spaces and recreational
amenities!
! Traffic calming that keeps car
speeds low or cars separated
from vulnerable users!
Sustainable urban transport & development"
Outcomes"
! Reduction of vehicle traffic and
crashes!
! Reduction of speeds, less
serious and numerous crashes!
! Safer transit, biking and walking!
! Facilities prioritize concerns of
vulnerable users!
! By-product of more safe walking
and biking is more physically
active residents, cleaner air and
better quality of life!

14. Claudia Adriazola-Steil"
"
Avoid, Shift, Improve"

15. Claudia Adriazola-Steil"
"
! World Bank study (Kopits and Cropper, 2003):!
! As countries develop, death rates among the population fall, especially for diseases that
affect the young and result in substantial life-years lost!
! Traffic accidents are the exception – growth in motor vehicles brought about by economic
development results in an increase in traffic deaths!
Increased motorization leads to more traffic deaths"
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
Annualtrafficfatalities/100000population
Daily VKT/ capita (urban roads)

16. Mexico
Walking
and
biking,
mass
transport
users
get
more
PA
–
graph
from
NYC,
and
from
Mexico
city
Urban
Development
Impacts
Traffic
Safety

17. Rapid suburbanization (Mexico)"

18. “Urban
sprawl…
directly
related
to
traffic
and
pedestrian
fataliRes.”
Ewing
et
al
(2003)
Analysis
of
U.S.A.
counRes

19. For every 10 additional meters between signalized
intersections, there is a 3% increase in severe crashes
800
meters

20. Naya – Raipur
Sector 27
800
meters

21. Relationship between speed and fatal accidents"

22. • 90%
of
pedestrians
survive
when
a
car
hits
at
35km/h
• 75%
of
pedestrians
survive
when
a
car
hits
at
45
km/h
• 80%
reduc<on
in
serious
injuries
aWer
40
km/h
speed
zone
in
the
northwest
neighbourhood

23. “Pedestrian-­‐scaled
retail
configura<ons
were
associated
with
fewer
crashes
as
opposed
to
having
commercial
uses
such
as
big
box
stores
with
large
parking
lots
along
busy
urban
arterials.”
Dumbaugh
&
Rae
(2009)

24. Claudia Adriazola-Steil"
"
Avoid, Shift, Improve"

25. SHIFT travel to sustainable and safer modes"
5000
3194
1 BRT lane
2 general traffic lanes
Passenger per hour per direction
(peak)
6
726
1 BRT lane
2 general traffic lanes
Crashes per year

26. 0.8
0.85
0.9
0.95
1
1.05
1.1
1.15
1.2
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 20032004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Cycling volumes (million
km)
Cyclist injuries and
fatalities per million
km
! Copenhagen!
! New York!
SHIFT travel to safer, and more active modes"
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
Cycling commuting
indicator
Cycling risk
indicator

27. Claudia Adriazola-Steil"
"
Avoid, Shift, Improve"

28. IMPROVE
the
design
and
system
in
general
•
A
road
safety
audit
can
reduce
crashes
on
a
proposed
project
by
up
to
40%
•
It
is
much
less
costly
to
implement
changes
in
the
planning
and
design
stages
than
to
retrofit
an
exis<ng
piece
of
infrastructure
30
–
40%
reduc<on
in
crashes

29. Design guidelines"

30. Cities: Traffic Safety, Public Health, Economic Growth and Quality of Life"
!
! Structural changes:
land use and mobility !
! Benefits: impact on
road safety +
physical activity + air
quality!
! Economic impact!

31. Cities: Traffic Safety, Public Health, Economic Growth and Quality of Life"
!
! Targets and measure!
! Data collection!
! Institutional capacity!

32. Cities: Traffic Safety, Public Health, Economic Growth and Quality of Life"
!
! Capacity building!
! Inspire interest
from the young!

33. EMBARQ
Wold Resources Institute
Want
to
learn
more?
Contact:
Claudia
Adriazola-­‐Steil
cadriazola@wri.org
Visit:
EMBARQ.org
Twiaer.com/EMBARQnetwork