My 25 minutes "PHPUnit - Best practices" talk from the 2013 fosdem.

1. PHPUNIT BEST PRACTICES
Volker Dusch / @_ _edorian

2. ABOUT ME
Software Engineer
PHP since 11 years
CI
CleanCode
DevOps
TDD
Shipping
Bullet points

3. INSTEAD OF ME

4. WORKING FOR
ResearchGate gives science back to the people who make it happen.
We help researchers build reputation and accelerate scientific
progress.
On their terms.

5. GET IN TOUCH
stackoverflow:
Twitter: @__edorian
g+: Volker Dusch
IRC: edorian
Mail: php@wallbash.com

6. AGENDA
Some practices I value
Your mileage may vary
By no means complete

7. WRITE TESTS
It's sounds obvious but getting started sometimes is the hardest part!

8. THE FASTEST THING YOU CAN DO
ht=cr - saigpoetcm|ge 'oi: |w -`
is`ul s tgn.rjc.o rp Lgn' c l;
ts $is-q1| eh "rnpg err"
et ht e | co Fotae ro!
Staging server
Testing your builds
All without even touching PHPUnit
dt=lgnts&asotscr&sf"crTkn
aa"oi=etpswr=euecr=$sfoe
ht=cr - PS - saigpoetcm|ge 'el,tsue'|w -`
is`ul X OT d tgn.rjc.o rp Hlo etsr c l;
ts $is-q1| eh "oi err"
et ht e | co Lgn ro!

9. LET'S GO

10. UPGRADE TO PHPUNIT 3.7
EASE INSTALLTION

11. PHAR
we ht:/erppntd/e/hui.hr
gt tp/pa.hui.egtppntpa
cmd+ ppntpa
ho x hui.hr
.ppntpa -vrin
/hui.hr -eso
or
we ht:/erppntd/e/hui.hr
gt tp/pa.hui.egtppntpa
cmd+ ppntpa
ho x hui.hr
m ppntpa /s/oa/i/hui
v hui.hr urlclbnppnt
ppnt-vrin
hui -eso

12. COMPOSER
The Dependency Manager for PHP
With the best from zypper, bundler, pip, gem and npm

13. PHPUNIT PER PROJECT
cmoe.sn
opsrjo
{
"eur-e" {
rqiedv:
"hui/hui" ".."
ppntppnt: 37*
}
}
cmoe isal
opsr ntl
.vno/i/hui -vrin
/edrbnppnt -eso

14. PHPUNIT GLOBAL INSTALL
{
"eur" {
rqie:
"hui/hui" ".."
ppntppnt: 37*
},
"ofg:{
cni"
"i-i" "urlclbn"
bndr: /s/oa/i/
}
}
sd ppcmoe isal
uo h opsr ntll
ppni -vrin
huut -eso

15. PEAR
pear config-set auto_discover 1
pear install pear.phpunit.de/PHPUnit
phpunit --version

16. USE SPECIFIC ASSERTIONS
PHPUnit ships with over 90 assertions.
http://www.phpunit.de/manual/current/en/appendixes.assertions.html
Use them to get pretty and helpful error messages.

17. assertTrue vs assertInstanceOf
$o =nwSdls(;
fo e tCas)
$hs>setre$o isacO Cutbe;
ti-asrTu(fo ntnef onal)
“Failed asserting that false is true.”
$o =nwSdls(;
fo e tCas)
$hs>setntnef'onal' $o)
ti-asrIsacO(Cutbe, fo;
“Failed asserting that
stdClass() is an instance of interface 'Countable'.”

18. assertEquals vs assertJsonStringEqualsJsonFile
assertEquals
Fie asrigta tosrnsaeeul
ald setn ht w tig r qa.
--Epce
- xetd
++Ata
+ cul
@ @
@ @
-{"ofrne:"ODM,"ak:"HUi" "SN:"paety,"huot
' Cneec" FSE" Tl" PPnt, JO" Aprnl" Sotu"
:"ekn"}
Jnis '
+{"ofrne:"ODM,"ak:"HUi" "SN:"paety,"huot
' Cneec" FSE" Tl" PPnt, JO" Aprnl" Sotu"
:"usn }
Hdo" '

19. assertEquals vs assertJsonStringEqualsJsonFile
assertJsonStringEqualsJsonFile
Fie asrigta toojcsaeeul
ald setn ht w bet r qa.
--Epce
- xetd
++Ata
+ cul
@ @
@ @
sdls Ojc (
tCas bet
'ofrne = 'ODM
Cneec' > FSE'
'ak = 'HUi'
Tl' > PPnt
'SN = 'paety
JO' > Aprnl'
- 'huot = 'ekn'
Sotu' > Jnis
+ 'huot = 'usn
Sotu' > Hdo'
)

20. HAVE A FAST TEST SUITE
If it takes to long to run your tests you won't do it

21. SEPERATE YOUR TESTS
http://elblinkin.info/2012/03/goldilocks-on-test-sizes/

22. BY FOLDER STRUCTURE
.
|-sc
- r
| `-fo
- o
| `-br
- a
| `-Bzpp
- a.h
`-tss
- et
|-fntoa
- ucinl
|-itgain
- nerto
|-ui
- nt
| `-fo
- o
| `-br
- a
| `-Bzetpp
- aTs.h
`-wb
- e
ppnttssui
hui et/nt

23. BY CONFIG FILE
<etuts
tssie>
<etut nm=Ui"sfi=Ts.h"
tssie ae"nt ufx"etpp>
<ietr>et<drcoy
drcoytss/ietr>
<tssie
/etut>
<etut nm=Itgain sfi=Ts.nerto.h"
tssie ae"nerto" ufx"etItgainpp>
<ietr>et<drcoy
drcoytss/ietr>
<tssie
/etut>
<tssie>
/etuts
ppnt-tssieUi
hui -etut nt

24. OR HOWEVER YOU SEE FIT
Use @group
Use @filter and naming conventions

25. BOOTSTRAP ONLY WHAT YOU NEED
You can use a test listener:
http://www.phpunit.de/manual/current/en/extending-
phpunit.html#extending-phpunit.PHPUnitFrameworkTestListener
pbi fnto satetut(HUi_rmwr_etut $ut)
ulc ucin trTsSiePPntFaeokTsSie sie
{
/ Js a eapeo wa i psil
/ ut n xml f ht s osbe
rqie_DR_.$ut-gtae).'otta.h'
eur _I_ sie>eNm( Bosrppp;
}

26. HOW MANY TESTS?
Web: 7
Funtional: One per feature
Integration: One per 3 classes
Unit: Find a balance
*totally made up numbers to drive home the point I'm trying to make

27. WEB TESTS?
behat (mink) for js-through-the-server testing - Great for testing
your whole stack
Really hard to maintain
Mink relives some of the pain
Test through your front controller instead of the webserver with
behat or phpunit
Faster, easier once set up

28. TEST CLASSES,
NOT METHODS
> Unit testing, in PHP, is about testing the observable behaviors of a
class!
Observable from the outside! Nobody cares about the internal state of
a class if it never changes the outcome of a method call.

29. SAMPLE
What should we test there?
pbi fnto stau(vle {
ulc ucin eVle$au)
$hs>au =$au;
ti-vle vle
}
pbi fnto eeue){
ulc ucin xct(
i ($hs>au){
f !ti-vle
trwnwEcpin"oVle n go";
ho e xeto(N au, o od)
}
rtr $au *1;/ bsns lgc
eun vle 0 / uies oi
}
If we don't call setValue calling execute will throw an exception
If we do call setValue calling execute will return the computed
result.
So we are testing two behaviors of your class and not the methods in
isolation!

30. RELEVANT BEHAVIORS
What to test then?
return values
pbi fcinclisoaehi(dgesaehi){
ulc uto ecuTFrnet$ereFrnet
rtr (dgesaehi -3)*5⁄9
eun $ereFrnet 2 ;
}
method calls to other objects
pbi fcinsoCr){
ulc uto tpa(
$hs>adra-egg(;
ti-hnbek>nae)
$hs>nie>hton)
ti-egn-sudw(;
}
Global state
pbi fcinaodhshrPsil(lgesg){
ulc uto viTiWeeosbe$oMsae
fl_u_otnssai:$OFL,$oMsae FL_PED;
ieptcnet(ttc:LGIE lgesg, IEAPN)
$SSIN'ocls]+
_ESO[lgal'+;
}

31. DON'T TEST GETTERS AND SETTERS
One test case per behavior
You waste time
Your code coverage reports won't tell you about dead code
If they don't impact the outcome delete them

32. QUESTIONS?
“The secret in testing is in writing testable code”
- Miško Hevery
Additional resources
"The Clean Code Talks -- Unit Testing
How to Write Clean, Testable Code
The Clean Code Talks - Don't Look For Things!
Flaw: Brittle Global State & Singletons
static considered harmful
The UNIT in unit testing
An introduction to PHPUnits @covers annotation

33. THANK YOU