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1. Sample Essay on Problems of the Amazon River
Amazon River is one of the oldest rivers on earth. It originated as a continent-
wide river in the Miocene Era between 11.8 million and 11.3 million years ago. It
took its incredible shape about 2.4 million years ago. It has benefited millions of
people within the amazon basin and surrounding areas ever since. It is a great
source of fauna and flora, easy transport and revenue taxes from the many
profitable activities that take place within the river. Unfortunately, there are
many problems opened by the Amazon River also.
The Amazon River is located in South America starting from the Andes Mountains
in Peru; it then flows to the Atlantic Ocean via Venezuela, Colombia, Bolivia,
Suriname and Brazil. To date properly flows mostly in Brazil and Peru. Amazon
basin covers 40 percent of South America and it is responsible for about 20% of
the total volume of the freshwater entering the ocean. The amazon was
discovered by Francisco de Orellana in 1541 and it has gone through a lot
transformation. So far, there are notable problems facing the Amazon River, and
they include;
 The cost of development within the countries of the Amazon- There are
many regional government programmes and initiatives that are advocating
for constant development that spur blind clearance of forests for cattle
ranching, oil drilling and cash food production like soybean. Due to the fact
that most of the amazon countries are integrated into global economy, this
has led to increased demand for ever-limited natural resources.
Surprisingly, efforts to safeguard the amazon region continue to be
threatened by the uncontrolled economical demands.
 Forest fires, soil decline and suffering of the people- With the increasing
population pressure, infrastructure advances and markets all these have
opened the Amazon rainforest. These pressures are inflicting the region
growth in intensity, by becoming clearer that price to be paid includes loss
of biodiversity and habitat and decrease of living standards.
 Demand for more infrastructure- It is not easy to respond to international
demands for quality agricultural products with finest infrastructures such as
roads, harbors and dams. To satisfy industrial needs, China is one of the

2. countries that have helped in mining projects in the eastern Amazon
ranging from aluminum and steel and others.
 Deforestation- the rate of deforestation within the amazon varies from one
country to another. These factors also vary with a nation within the
Amazon. For instance, in Brazil lands are cleared for ranches for cattle
pasture. Most of the deforestation carried by certain private can be legal
and under a license provided by the environmental agencies. Impacts of
deforestation in the Amazon River include habitat degradation, loss of
biodiversity, loss of water cycling, climate change and increased poverty
and much more.
There have been a lot of international concerns on the ecological effects of the
continued deforestation in the Amazon. There are many organizations that have
pushed for better conservation of the river and the rainforest. There have been
increased losses of fauna and flora in the Amazon due to the increased human
activities. Many regions within the river that are languishing in poverty are also
suffering from waterborne diseases, poor feeding habits and much more. Every
person in the continent need to be enlightened on the benefits of the Amazon
River, and why they need to take responsibility and conserve this wonder of the
world.
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