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EUROOPA KLIIMAPOLIITIKA;
CO2 KOGUMINE JA SÄILITAMINE
Eve Tamme
Rahvusvahelise kliimapoliitika nõunik
Eve.Tamme@globalccsinstitute.com
| 2
Allikas: EU2019.fi, 2019
MIS ON CCS?
| 3
Tehnoloogiad, millega saab CO2 koguda kas suurtest heiteallikatest või
atmosfäärist ja seejärel turvaliselt geoloogiliselt säilitada
CO2 heite vähendamine
• Tööstuses (tsemendi ja terase tootmine, jäätmete põletamine, maagaasi
töötlemine)
• Elektri tootmine
CO2 heite eemaldamine ja negatiivsed emissioonid
• Direct air capture
• Bioenergia ja CCS (BECCS)
Vesinikumajanduse võimaldaja
CO2 GEOLOOGILINE SÄILITAMINE MAAILMAS
CCS JA CCU: MIS ON PEAMISED ERINEVUSED
| 5
CCS:
• suured mahud (gigatonnid)
• CO2 lõplik säilitamine (tuhanded aastad)
CCU: väljakutsed mõlemas aspektis. Väga üksikud
lahendused, kus elutsükli analüüsi kohaselt CO2 lõplikult
säilitatakse. Kliimaneutraalsuse jaoks on vaja aga CO2
vähendada, mitte emissioone edasi lükata.
| 6
IPCC: 1,5°C – CCS ON OLULINE
CCS PROJEKTID MAAILMAS: OLEMASOLEVAD JA EHITUSJÄRGUS
8
OLEMASOLEVAD JA ARENDATAVAD CCS PROJEKTID MAAILMAS
9
CO2 HEIDE JA CO2 SÄILITAMISE VÕIMALUSED EUROOPAS
Allikas: IOGP, 2015
Ervia Cork CCS
Norway full-chain CCS /
Northern Lights
Snøhvit CO2 Storage
Sleipner CO2 Storage
Acorn Scalable CCS
Development
Hydrogen 2 Magnum
(H2M)
Port of Rotterdam CCUS
Backbone Initiative
(Porthos)
HyNet North West
H21 North of England
Teesside Collective
Caledonia Clean Energy
Operating since 1996
Operating since 2008
CCS PROJEKTID EUROOPAS
FOOKUS: TÖÖSTUS, KLASTRID, CO2 SÄILITAMINE OFFSHORE
KLASTRID JA
JAGATUD TARISTU
| 11
Näide:
• Rotterdami sadama
projekt: Lääne-Euroopa
CO2 klaster
• Elektrijaamad,
rafineerimistehased,
tööstuslikud gaasid,
kemikaalid, biokütuste
jaamad
• Eri tüüpi CO2 transport:
torud, laevad, rongid,
veoautod
Allikas: Andy Read, ROAD project, 2015
CCS HIND (2019)
Allikas: International Energy Agency, 2019
FIRST-OF-A-KIND CCS HIND ERI TÖÖSTUSTES (2017)
Allikas: Global CCS Institute (2017) Global Costs of Carbon Capture and Storage
MIS TEGI SENISTEST PROJEKTIDEST EDULOOD?
| 14
CCS ROLL VESINIKU TOOTMISEL

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2019 EU Climate Policy and CCS

  • 1. EUROOPA KLIIMAPOLIITIKA; CO2 KOGUMINE JA SÄILITAMINE Eve Tamme Rahvusvahelise kliimapoliitika nõunik Eve.Tamme@globalccsinstitute.com
  • 3. MIS ON CCS? | 3 Tehnoloogiad, millega saab CO2 koguda kas suurtest heiteallikatest või atmosfäärist ja seejärel turvaliselt geoloogiliselt säilitada CO2 heite vähendamine • Tööstuses (tsemendi ja terase tootmine, jäätmete põletamine, maagaasi töötlemine) • Elektri tootmine CO2 heite eemaldamine ja negatiivsed emissioonid • Direct air capture • Bioenergia ja CCS (BECCS) Vesinikumajanduse võimaldaja
  • 5. CCS JA CCU: MIS ON PEAMISED ERINEVUSED | 5 CCS: • suured mahud (gigatonnid) • CO2 lõplik säilitamine (tuhanded aastad) CCU: väljakutsed mõlemas aspektis. Väga üksikud lahendused, kus elutsükli analüüsi kohaselt CO2 lõplikult säilitatakse. Kliimaneutraalsuse jaoks on vaja aga CO2 vähendada, mitte emissioone edasi lükata.
  • 6. | 6 IPCC: 1,5°C – CCS ON OLULINE
  • 7. CCS PROJEKTID MAAILMAS: OLEMASOLEVAD JA EHITUSJÄRGUS
  • 8. 8 OLEMASOLEVAD JA ARENDATAVAD CCS PROJEKTID MAAILMAS
  • 9. 9 CO2 HEIDE JA CO2 SÄILITAMISE VÕIMALUSED EUROOPAS Allikas: IOGP, 2015
  • 10. Ervia Cork CCS Norway full-chain CCS / Northern Lights Snøhvit CO2 Storage Sleipner CO2 Storage Acorn Scalable CCS Development Hydrogen 2 Magnum (H2M) Port of Rotterdam CCUS Backbone Initiative (Porthos) HyNet North West H21 North of England Teesside Collective Caledonia Clean Energy Operating since 1996 Operating since 2008 CCS PROJEKTID EUROOPAS FOOKUS: TÖÖSTUS, KLASTRID, CO2 SÄILITAMINE OFFSHORE
  • 11. KLASTRID JA JAGATUD TARISTU | 11 Näide: • Rotterdami sadama projekt: Lääne-Euroopa CO2 klaster • Elektrijaamad, rafineerimistehased, tööstuslikud gaasid, kemikaalid, biokütuste jaamad • Eri tüüpi CO2 transport: torud, laevad, rongid, veoautod Allikas: Andy Read, ROAD project, 2015
  • 12. CCS HIND (2019) Allikas: International Energy Agency, 2019
  • 13. FIRST-OF-A-KIND CCS HIND ERI TÖÖSTUSTES (2017) Allikas: Global CCS Institute (2017) Global Costs of Carbon Capture and Storage
  • 14. MIS TEGI SENISTEST PROJEKTIDEST EDULOOD? | 14
  • 15. CCS ROLL VESINIKU TOOTMISEL