Presentación de Majeed Mohammed (University of the West Indies), en el marco del Tercer Diálogo Regional Un esfuerzo compartido hacia la prevención y reducción de pérdidas y desperdicios de alimentos.

1. Prevention and Management of Food
Losses and Waste in the Caribbean
Majeed Mohammed
University of the West Indies
Trinidad and Tobago
Third Regional Dialogue for Food Losses and Waste Prevention Towards More
Sustainable Food Systems in Latin America and the Caribbean,
Santiago, Chile, June 7-8, 2017

2. OUTLINE
 Food losses and waste: causes, impact, challenges and opportunities:
 CARICOM Inter-island trade,
 Cold chain logistics and gaps: supermarkets, sea and air
shipments, hotel industry,
 Reducing Food Losses and Waste:
 Prevention
 Recovery
 Recycling
 Development of value-added products

3. Food losses and waste on food security in the Caribbean
and Latin America
• Causes:
• insufficient or obsolete harvest and postharvest technologies and postharvest logistics;
• inadequate storage, transportation, processing and cooling facilities;
• lack of infrastructure, or poor packaging and marketing systems;
• low prices received by the participants in the value chain, making the net return on
investment in appropriate technologies extremely low or negative;
• Limited postharvest extension and skilled practical postharvest and commodity
utilization training.
• Impact on:
• proceeds available to farmers;
• reduce the amount of food directly available to feed the family members of a farm
household;
• lower the income available to purchase the foodstuffs necessary to supplement the
meagre supplies in the off-season periods.

4. INTER ISLAND TRADE
POSTHARVEST LOSSES: 20 – 40%
FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH LOSSES
DUE TO TRANSPORTATION:
1. CONTAINERS –
a. NO VENTILATION HOLES
b. VARIATION IN SIZES AND SHAPES
c. POOR STACKING STRENGTH
2. INADEQUATE INSULATION BETWEEN
CARGO AND ENGINE COMPARTMENT
3. SHIPPED IN UNVENTILATED AND
NON-REFRIGERATED SPACE
4. ROUGH HANDLING

9. Malformed
produce
Food waste?

10. Cold chain gaps in hotel industry

11. BUFFER DINING

13. REALITY

15. Cold chain gaps in supermarkets

16. Consequences of cold chain gaps in supermarkets

17. SEA SHIPMENT : GAPS IN COLD CHAIN
• 25 – 30% POSTHARVEST LOSSES IN PLANTAIN
• CARGO: 40 FEET REEFER CONTAINER WITH PLANTAINS FROM DOMINICA
• DESTINATION: UNITED KINGDOM
CAUSES OF POSTHARVEST LOSSES:
a. T-FLOOR BLOCKED WITH SOIL AND REMAINS OF PREVIOUS CARGO, TOMATO AND BANANA
b. DRAIN PLUGS LEFT IN PLACE CAUSING WATER FROM PRODUCE TRANSPIRATION TO BUILD UP ON FLOOR  CARTON
DAMPING
c. AIR VENTS SET TO 50% AND NOT RECOMMENDED 25%
d. VARIATIONS IN CARTON DESIGNS – SOME POORLY VENTILATED
e. OMISSION OF SLIP SHEET CAUSED SHORT CIRCUITED AIR

19. AIR SHIPMENT : COLD CHAIN GAPS
POSTHARVEST LOSSES:
a. HOT PEPPER 40 – 50%
b. PUMPKIN 100%
DESTINATION: TORONTO, CANADA
CAUSES OF POSTHARVEST LOSSES:
a. TRANSPORTED IN NON-REFRIGERATED TRUCKS TO AIRPORT
IN TIGHTLY PACKED DARK COLOURED TARPAULIN
b. DAMP CARDBOARD PACKAGES
c. NO PRE-COOLING PRIOR TO LOADING LD3 CONTAINER
d. POOR STACKING STRENGTH AND HANDLING OF PACKAGES AT
PORT
e. PUMPKINS PACKED IN POORLY VENTILATED BAGS

23. Prevention solutions
Packaging, product and portions Operations and supply chain efficiency
Standardized date labelling Waste tracking and analysis
Packaging adjustments Cold chain management
Spoilage prevention, packaging Improved inventory management
Produce specifications Secondary resellers
Smaller plates Manufacturing line specification
Trayless dining Consumer education campaigns

25. Educational Campaigns

26. Recycling solutions

27. Recovery solutions

29. Reducing food losses and waste add to all four dimensions of food
security: availability, access, utilisation and stability