Research University Performance and Financing in Florida
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This document discusses research university performance and financing. It provides an overview of the Center for Measuring University Performance, which publishes an annual report called The Top American Research Universities (TARU). TARU uses non-subjective data to measure and benchmark university performance over time. It also discusses challenges facing public university financing, including rising costs, declining state support per student, and increasing tuition prices. As a result, students are taking on higher levels of debt to pay for their education.
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Research University Performance and Financing in Florida
- 1. Research University Performance and Financing Craig W. Abbey 25 June 2012
- 2. What’s the Center for Measuring University Performance? • Academic research center started by former UF President and Provost • Annual publication The Top American Research Universities (TARU) highlights importance on using data to measure and track university performance over time • The Center’s mission is to be a source for reliable and valid national data for US research universities • Website provides access to data files (http://mup.asu.edu) • New effort on international benchmarking with UNU • Proponent for rewarding good performance
- 3. Writings on Research University Issues • The Myth of Number One • Quality Engines: The Competitive Context for Research Universities • University Organization, Governance and Competitiveness • The Sports Imperative • Medicine , Engineering and Research Competiveness
- 4. What Sets TARU Apart from Rankings? • Not a commercial product, so we have a different audience • Data not weighted • Measures stable • Use only non-subjective data from government agencies/national organizations • Groupings vs. rankings
- 5. How is TARU Used? • Universities use it for… – Benchmarking Performance / Peer Analysis – Setting Goals / Strategic Planning – Public Relations • Governing boards/ officials use it for… – Allocating Resources – Presidential Evaluation • Also used to set Carnegie Classifications
- 6. MUP Data vs. Raw Data • Data available from the original source (i.e., raw data) often include universities that have multiple campuses but without making distinctions • MUP data only include single campuses to ensure comparability • Other unique elements of MUP data: – Missing data replaced with estimates – Small number of measures – National and private/public ranks – Downloadable Excel spreadsheets
- 7. Nine Key Measures Research 1. Total research expenditures 2. Federal research expenditures Private Support 3. Endowment assets 4. Annual giving Advanced Training 5. Doctorates awarded 6. Postdoctoral appointees Faculty Quality 7. Faculty awards 8. National Academy members Undergraduate Quality 9. SAT scores
- 8. Measures Summary – TARU 2011 (Over $40m Federal R&D) # Times # Times 26-50 # Times # Times Control Institution 25 Natl Natl 25 Ctrl 26-50 Ctrl Public U of Florida 3 4 8 1 Private U of Miami 0 1 3 4 Public Florida State U 0 1 0 6 Public U of South Florida 0 0 0 3 Public Florida International U 0 0 0 1 Public U of Central Florida 0 0 0 0 Source: Top American Research Universities 2011
- 9. Academic R&D (Over $40m Federal R&D) Total Total Fed Fed Total Natl Ctrl Federal Natl Ctrl Control Institution R&D Rank Rank R&D Rank Rank Public U of Florida $592M 21 15 $233M 47 25 Public U of South Florida $310M 62 41 $191M 57 34 Private U of Miami $248M 76 25 $172M 60 24 Public Florida State U $195M 93 64 $117M 87 54 Public U of Central Florida $113M 127 90 $65M 126 85 Public Florida International U $91M 145 102 $53M 145 102 Source: Top American Research Universities 2011
- 10. Research and Development Other Institutions Total Federal Florida A&M $41,896 $26,311 Florida Atlantic U. $30,282 $16,457 Florida Institute of Technology $11,427 $8,903 Embry-Riddle Aeronautical U. $12,189 $8,241 Nova Southeastern U. $9,740 $5,669 U. of North Florida $6,316 $4,516 Florida Gulf Coast U. $3,841 $2,661 U. of West Florida $4,079 $2,310 Barry U. $897 $897 New College of Florida $617 $514 Eckerd College $327 $275 Jacksonville U. $335 $9 $ in thousands, FY 2010 Source: Higher Education R&D Survey
- 11. Florida’s Market Share of Federal R&D 2.71% 2.77% 2.32% 2.40% 2.33% 1.78% 1.80% 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 Source: Higher Education R&D Survey
- 12. Federal R&D Share Top Fifteen States California 12.8% New York 8.0% Maryland 6.6% Texas 6.0% Pennsylvania 5.9% Massachusetts 5.4% North Carolina 4.0% Illinois 3.8% Ohio 3.4% Michigan 3.1% Florida 2.8% Georgia 2.7% Washington 2.5% Colorado 2.3% Wisconsin 1.9% 0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12% 14% Source: Higher Education R&D Survey, FY 2010
- 13. Endowment & Giving Endow Endow Giving Giving Natl Ctrl Natl Ctrl Control Institution Endow Rank Rank Giving Rank Rank Public U of Florida $1105M 54 18 $183M 31 15 Private U of Miami $618M 94 61 $159M 33 18 Public Florida State U $453M 136 50 $54M 111 67 Public U of South Florida $296M 181 69 $36M 140 82 Public U of Central Florida $103M 354 132 $32M 159 92 Public Florida International U $95M 373 140 $39M 133 80 Source: Top American Research Universities 2011
- 14. National Academy & Faculty Awards Natl Natl Fac Fac Acad Acad Awd Awd Natl Natl Ctrl Fac Natl Ctrl Control Institution Acad Rank Rank Awd Rank Rank Public U of Florida 23 47 26 22 26 14 Private U of Miami 8 78 36 4 126 42 Public Florida State U 7 87 48 9 73 46 Public U of South Florida 3 111 65 6 102 69 Public Florida International U 2 133 79 11 60 37 Public U of Central Florida 1 161 98 4 126 85 Source: Top American Research Universities 2011
- 15. Doctorates & Postdocs Post Post Doc Doc doc doc Natl Ctrl Post Natl Ctrl Control Institution Doc Rank Rank doc Rank Rank Public U of Florida 771 4 4 597 23 12 Public Florida State U 340 49 34 258 66 40 Public U of South Florida 243 76 51 261 64 38 Public U of Central Florida 231 79 53 74 136 94 Private U of Miami 181 96 29 240 70 27 Public Florida International U 114 138 96 43 163 113 Source: Top American Research Universities 2011
- 16. SAT SAT Natl SAT Ctrl Control Institution SAT Rank Rank Private U of Miami 1275 95 84 Public U of Florida 1250 119 20 Public Florida State U 1200 183 41 Public U of Central Florida 1180 224 56 Public U of South Florida 1155 274 76 Public Florida International U 1100 426 124 Source: Top American Research Universities 2011
- 18. Who Pays? Who Should Pay? Quality Access Efficiency
- 19. Input Costs are Rising Inflation indexes 1983 to 2009 350 300 Index Value (1983=100) 250 200 150 100 1983 1985 1987 1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 Source: Commonfund
- 20. State Support is Dropping 50 state total higher education expenditures per $1,000 disposable income: FY1961 to FY2012 $12.00 $10.00 $8.00 $6.00 $4.00 $2.00 $- 1961 1966 1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011 Source: Postsecondary Education Opportunity
- 21. Florida’s Support is Dropping Too ($ in billions) $5.0 $4.5 4.12 $4.45 3.96 $4.0 $4.39 $4.11 $3.5 $3.70 $3.77 $3.62 $3.0 $2.5 $2.0 $1.5 with Federal Stabilization State Tax Support $1.0 $0.5 $0.0 FY 06-07 FY 07-08 FY 08-09 FY 09-10 FY 10-11 FY 11-12 Source: Grapevine Annual Compilation of State Fiscal Support for HE
- 22. State Support per Capita FY 11-12 Mississippi (8) $320 Alabama (10) $306 Georgia (16) $268 State and Rank () California (20) $256 Texas (21) $252 New York (25) $239 Florida (37) $190 S. Carolina (38) $184 $0 $50 $100 $150 $200 $250 $300 $350 Source: Grapevine Annual Compilation of State Fiscal Support for HE
- 23. State Support per $1k Personal Income FY 11-12 Mississippi (6) $10.02 Alabama (8) $8.88 Georgia (14) $7.46 State and Rank () Texas (18) $6.39 California (24) $5.78 S. Carolina (27) $5.46 Florida (33) $4.81 New York (34) $4.78 $0 $2 $4 $6 $8 $10 $12 Source: Grapevine Annual Compilation of State Fiscal Support for HE
- 24. Prices are Increasing Published and net in-state tuition and fees for public four-year institutions 1996-2012 in constant 2011 dollars $9,000 Published $8,000 $7,000 $6,000 $5,000 $4,000 Net $3,000 $2,000 $1,000 $- 1996-97 1999-00 2002-03 2005-06 2008-09 2011-12 (Est) Source: College Board, Trends in College Pricing
- 25. Price in Florida & Median State Published tuition and fees for public four-year institutions 2005-2012 $9,000 $7,906 $8,000 $7,000 Median State $2,280 $6,000 $5,000 $4,594 $5,626 $4,000 $1,540 $3,000 Florida $3,054 $2,000 $1,000 $- 2004-05 2005-06 2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 Source: College Board, Trends in College Pricing
- 26. Published Tuition and Fees at Public “Flagships” FY 11-12 California (7) $12,835 S. Carolina (16) $10,168 Texas (18) $9,794 State and Rank () Georgia (27) $8,693 Alabama (29) $8,600 New York (35) $7,482 Mississippi (45) $5,792 Florida (48) $5,657 $0 $2,000 $4,000 $6,000 $8,000 $10,000 $12,000 $14,000 Source: College Board, Trends in College Pricing
- 27. Student Share of Revenue Stream at Public Research Universities 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% UCF USF FSU 40% UF 30% 20% 10% 0% Source: IPEDS Finance and Enrollment Surveys, FY2009-10
- 28. Student Indebtedness is Growing Concern Public Four Year: Average Total Debt Levels of Bachelor’s Degree Recipients in Constant 2010 Dollars, 1999-2000 to 2009-10 $22,500 $22,000 $21,500 $21,000 $20,500 $20,000 $19,500 $19,000 $18,500 $18,000 1999-00 2001-02 2003-04 2005-06 2007-08 2009-10 Source: College Board, Trends in Student Aid
- 29. Pell and Federal Loan Take-up Rates Public 4-year, Fall 2011 Mississippi 57% 45% Alabama 53% 37% S. Carolina 52% 30% Georgia 48% 41% Texas 45% 40% New York 39% 40% Same 37% Pell California 40% Rate Florida 29% 40% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% Federal Loan Pell Source: College Board, Trends in College Pricing
- 30. Who Pays? Who Should Pay? Quality Access Efficiency
Notas del editor
- The Center was established in 1998 by the President and Provost of the University of Florida. This center and The Top American Research Universities project are actually the result of their decade long effort to use data to manage a university. We believe that data is a powerful management tool, whereas commercial rankings may be interesting but not very useful. The Center’s mission is to provide valid and reliable data to other universities . While the focus now is on the whole institution rather than its parts ( the colleges and academic departments), we still believe strongly in getting good, valid data is the key to measuring and improving performance. You don’t know where you need to improve if you don’t have some type of reliable measurement system. We also break down the university into its constituent parts, such as engineering and medicine. The goal is to show universities how much these individual disciplines contribute to the overall picture.24,000 source titles of type Journal, Conference Proceedings, and Book Series from Elsevier's Scopus database in 250 discipline areas for 1343 institutions in the US, Canada, Asia and Europe.
- Money Matters, Performance Counts, Time is the Enemy"“Money matters” and “performance counts” are phrases that reflect the essential relationship between resources and achievement that characterize all first-rank American research universities. High-performing research universities deliver a magnificent return on the funds invested in them.….Each time we perform well and demonstrate that the university speaks to measurable and substantial achievement, we increase our ability to attract additional revenue--more of the money that matters. Performance and money represent the binary pair required to improve a great university and keep it in competition with the best."
- How, if at all, can costs— especially to the taxpayer and the student—be lowered without damage to academic quality or toprinciples of access and participation? What are appropriate ratios of students to faculty and to professional and administrative staff at various kinds of institutions?What are reasonable conceptions and expectations of higher educational productivity?How can institutional aid, or price discounting, be used either to attract students with qualities or characteristics sought by theinstitution or to maximize net tuition revenue?Are taxpayer dollars in the public sector best used to hold down tuition, or should they go toward expanding need-based aid, with public tuitionsraised closer to the full average costs of undergraduate instruction? Are public aid dollars best used for grants or for loan subsidies?Should public aid be based on academic promise and performance as well as upon family financial need?
- Nation - Pell 35.2%, Federal Loans 45.9%