American literature

1. ABRAHAM
MASLOW

2.  The human behavour has been explained
by Maslow in terms of meeting basic
needs.
 We experience certain drives to meet
these needs, and we are driven to act in
particular ways in order to reduce these
drives.

3. HIERARCHY OF HUMAN NEEDS
Self-
Actualisation
Aesthetic Needs
BEING NEEDS
Cognitve Needs
DEFICIENCY Need for self-steem
NEEDS
Need for interpersonal closeness
Need for safety and security
Basic physiological needs

4. BASIC PHYSIOLOGICAL NEEDS
 The person need essential elements to
survive like water, food, sleep and so on.
NEED FOR SAFETY AND SECURITY
 The person need to be protected from
dangers. To live in a good enviroment far
away from maltretment.

5. NEED FOR INTERPERSONAL CLOSENESS
 Theperson need to live in a society, to
communicate with other people.
NEED FOR SELF-STEEM
 Thisrefers to oneself valuation that is
given by ourselves or others.
COGNITVE NEEDS
 Theperson need to know and discover
new things or to explore the unknown.

6. AESTHETIC NEEDS
 Aesthetic needs are related to the desire
for order and beauty.
SELF-ACTUALISATION
 It’s an ideal that every person want to reach,
is satisfied by opportunities to develop talent
and his full potential, to express ideas and
knowledge, grow and develop as a person,
getting personal achievements, so that each
human being differs from others

7. PROBLEMS OF TRANSLATING
Maslow argued for two distinct categories of needs, deficiency (or
maintenance) needs, and being (or growth) needs.
Maslow sostuvo dos teorías distintas de las
necesidades, necesidades de déficit (o mantenimiento) y
necesidades del ser (o crecimiento).
As we shall see later in Chapter 6 on motivation, human behavior has
been explained by some psychologists (including Freud) in terms of
meeting basic needs.
Como veremos más adelante en el capítulo 6 de motivación, el
comportamiento humano ha sido explicado por algunos
psicólogos (incluyendo a Freud) en términos de satisfacer las
necesidades básicas.

8. Need for safety and security
Necesidades de seguridad
Self-Actualisation
Necesidades de autorrealización
Need for self - esteem
Necesidades de estima

9. Writers such as Frank and others have written movingly and eloquently
about how in times of severe physical pain and deprivation during the
Holocaust, it was the drive to meet so –called ¨being needs¨ which
enabled many people to survive and overcome their appalling condition.
Escritores como Frank y otros han escrito una conmovedora y
elocuente de cómo en tiempos de grave dolor físico y la
privación durante el Holocausto, que fue el impulso para
satisfacer las llamadas necesidades del ser, que ha permitido a
mucha gente a sobrevivir y superar su estado lamentable.