3. A : patent airway ,no tender at C-spine
B : no dyspnea ,RR20
C : pulse full , BP 131/89
D : E4V5M6 ,pupil 3mm RTLBE
E : Avulsion wound 1 cm at distal phalanx of middle
finger, exposed bone
4. A : no drug allergy
M : no current medication
P : no underlying disease
L : last meal 5 hr PTA
E : ซ้อนมอเตอร์ไซค์ ล้มแฮนด์รถทับนิ้วกลางซ้าย มีแผลฉีก
ขาดที่ปลายนิ้ว เห็นกระดูก เจ็บบริเวณแผล กระดิกนิ้วไม่ได้ ไม่
มีบาดแผลบริเวณอื่น ศีรษะไม่กระแทกพื้น ไม่สลบ
5. Avulsion wound 1 cm
at distal pharange of left
middle finger exposed bone ,
nearly amputation
with active bleeding
No capillary refill
15. Fracture of distal phalanx
Tuft
Simple or Comminuted
Shaft
Transverse or Longitudinal
Intra-articular
Dorsal or Volar
http://cursoenarm.net/UPTODATE/contents/mobipreview.htm?2
16. Fracture of distal phalanx
Non operative treatment >> Close reduction & splinting
non displace
No nail bed injury
Operative treatment >> ORIF +/- nail bed repair
Nail bed injury
Unstable intra-articular fracture
17. Fracture of distal phalange
ในรายนี้มี nail bed injury ร่วมกับ fracture ที่ shaft of distal
phalanx เป็น indication ในการรักษาแบบ Operative
treatment (ORIF)
ใน fracture รูปแบบอื่นที่ stable และไม่มี nail bed injury
นั้นสามารถรักษาแบบ non-operative ได้โดยการทา close
reduction with aluminum splinting 3 สัปดาห์ ตามด้วย early
aggressive motion
18. Loss of motion
◦ most common
◦ Associated. with intra-articular fracture
Malunion
◦ Malrotation , angulation, shortening
◦ when patient has functional impairment >> surgery
Nonunion
◦ uncommon
◦ Associated with bone loss or neurovascular compromise
19.
20. Treatment
◦ drainage of hematoma by perforation
indications
less than 50% of nail involved
techniques
puncture nail using sterile needle
electrocautery to perforate nail
◦ nail removal, D&I, nail bed repair
indications
> 50 % nail involved
technique
nail bed repair
21. Laceration of the nail and underlying nail bed
◦usually present with the nail intact and a subungual
hematoma greater than 50% of nail surface area
Treatment
◦nail removal with D&I, nail bed repair
22. Associated conditions
distal phalanx fracture
if present reduction is advocated
Treatment
◦ nail removal, nail bed repair, +/- fx fixation
indications
avulsion injury with minimal or no loss of nail matrix, with or without fracture
◦ nail removal, nail bed repair, split thickness graft vs. nail matrix transfer, +/- fx
fixation
indications
avulsion or crush injury with significant loss of nail matrix
fracture fixation depends on fracture type
drainage of hematoma by perforation
indications
less than 50% of nail involved
techniques
puncture nail using sterile needle
electrocautery to perforate nail
nail removal, D&I, nail bed repair
indications
> 50 % nail involved
technique
nail bed repair (see techniques)