3. The Life of a Rock
Sedimentary Rock
Metamorphic
Igneous
Changes are made
from pressure and
heat.
Layers of
sediment
join
together.
Melted rock cools
and hardens
4. Rocks become smaller, and smaller,
and smaller, and smaller. . .
• By erosion
• By wind
• By earthquake
• By floods
• By rain
• By slides
• By man
5. Terms to Know
• Weathering: the breaking up of
rocks and soil
• Erosion: the moving of weathered
rock and soil. Weathering allows
erosion to take place.
8. How does rock change?
• Rocks are heated,
squeezed, folded,
or chemically
changed by contact
with hot fluids
marble
9. Three Types of Rocks
• Rocks are
classified by how
they form
– Igneous
– Sedimentary
– Metamorphic
– Rocks can change
from one type to
another over time
Schist
10. Rock Classification
• Rocks are
classified by:
– How they form
– Texture
– Grain size
– Mineral
composition
Conglomerate Sedimentary Rock
11. Sedimentary Rock is . . .
• Rock formed when
layers of small
particles of shell,
rock, and sand join
together.
12.
13. Sedimentary Rock
• Sedimentary rock:
forms from the
compaction and/or
cementation of
sediments
• This process is
called lithification
• Sediments are:
– Rock pieces
– Mineral grains
– Shell fragments
Limestone
14. How do sediments form?
• Sediments form
through the
processes of
weathering and
erosion of rocks
exposed at Earth’s
surface
weathering
erosion
15. Sedimentary Rock con’t….
• Sedimentary rock
can also form from
the chemical
depositing of
materials that were
once dissolved in
water
• When water
evaporates, minerals
are left behind and
form rock
gypsum
16. Sedimentary Rocks
How They are Made
• Wind and water break down the earth
• Bits of earth settle in lakes and rivers
• Layers are formed and build up
• Pressure and time turn the layers to rock
19. Fossils
• Fossils are usually found in sedimentary
rock and are the remains or imprints of
plants and animals that died long ago.
20. Fossils-Life From the Past
• Fossils provide information about life and
conditions of the past.
• Scientific evidence shows that the Earth is
approximately 4.5 billion years old
21. Metamorphic Rock is . . .
• Rock that is formed
when pressure and
heat create changes
to sedimentary or
igneous rock.
22.
23. Metamorphic Rock
• Metamorphic rock:
forms when any
rock type is
changed into a
different kind of
rock
• Changes due to
great heat and/or
pressure Gneiss
24. How does rock change?
• Rocks are heated,
squeezed, folded,
or chemically
changed by contact
with hot fluids
marble
25. Metamorphic Rocks
What are They?
• Rocks that have changed
• They were once igneous or sedimentary
• Pressure and heat changed the rocks
36. The Earth Recycles Rock
• The rock cycle is an
ongoing series of
processes inside Earth
and on the surface
• Slowly changes rocks
from one kind to
another
• Any type of rock can
change into another
type
37. How does this relate to
plate tectonics?
• Plate movement
drives the rock
cycle
– Subduction (1 plate
pushed under
another plate)
• Re-melts rock into
magma
– Mountain building
• Folding, faulting,
uplift
• Exposes rock at the
surface to be
weathered and
38.
39.
40.
41. a. Cementation and compaction (lithification)
b. Heat and pressure
c. Weathering, transportation(erosion), and deposition
d. Cooling and solidification
e. Melting
42. Rocks/Rock Cycle Foldable
• Your foldable should include
the following:
1. Name of each rock type
2. How each rock type formed
3. A brief description of rock
type
4. At least 2 examples of each
rock type
5. Illustrate 1 example for
each rock type
44. Review of the Rock Cycle
• How are sedimentary rocks formed?
• What is a fossil?
• How are metamorphic rocks formed?
• How are igneous rocks formed?
• Give an example of each type of rock.
• What is weathering?
• Explain what erosion is.
