Master's students use ideas from my (Jeff Funk) forthcoming book (Technology Change and the Rise of New Industries) to analyze the technical and economic feasibility of 3D additive printing. Manufacturing parts using additive fabrication techniques can enable on-demand local manufacturing and thus can eliminate complex value chains. See my other slides for details on concepts, methodology, and other new industries..
HomeRoots Pitch Deck | Investor Insights | April 2024
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3D Printing: Its Economic and Technical Rational
1. MT5009
ANALYZING HI-TECHNOLOGY OPPORTUNITIES
Chew Kuan K k Cl
Ch K Kok, Clement          (A0076995E)
Espiritu Maricris Tolentino (A0076910E)
Le Quang Dung (A0077075Y)
Myo Kyaw
Myo Kyaw Thu (A0013741U)
Wong Yong Jin, Melvin               (A0076844U)
1
5. ď Introduction to 3D Printing
d i 3 i i
ď Technology Paradigm
ď Value Propositions
Value Propositions
ď Current 3D Printing Technologies
ď Cost and Performance
Cost and Performance
ď Comparison of 3D Printing Technologies
ď Why 3D Printing Will Get Better
Why 3D Printing Will Get Better
ď Potentials for Improvement â Technology Roadmap
ď Entrepreneurial Opportunities â Opportunities of ApplicationsÂ
Potential New Businesses
ď 3D Printer Market at a Glance
ď Conclusion
5
6. ď 3D printing is a form of additive
manufacturing in which components
are f b i
fabricated i an additive f hi
d in ddi i fashion
by adding successive layers of
material together
3DÂ Printing
3D Printing
=
Additive Manufacturing
Additive Manufacturing
6
8. ď Fabrication on demand
ď Shorter product development time due to rapid
prototyping
Timberland prototype
ď Less reliance on logistics
Cost : $1200 $35
ď Mass customisation Time required :1 week
90 mins
ď Caters to each individualâs wants and needs instead
of mass production and consumption
8
9. ď Opens up newÂ
possibilities in design
ibili i i d i
ď Complex geometries
ď Eliminate constraints ofÂ
conventionalÂ
conventional
manufacturing  processes
ď Customised geometry and
geometry andÂ
parts
ď Avoids assembly issues
assembly issues
9
10. ď Costâefficient in producing parts with complexÂ
ff d h l
geometries and reduces waste
âŹ770
âŹ380
Material Subtracted by Machining to Produce Feature/Part
Material Subtracted by Machining to Produce Feature/Part
Material Added by 3D Printing to Produce Feature/Part
Source: Dr Hopkinson, Loughborough University
10
11. ď Lowers barriers to entry for new businesses
fÂ
otal cost of
production
To
Cost of conventionallyÂ
manufactured parts
p
ng
ost of toolin
Cost of part produced byÂ
Cost of part produced by
Co
3DÂ Printing
Break evenÂ
Breakâeven ProductionÂ
Production
Source: Terry Wohlerâs Report 2006 volume volume
Illustration showing the total cost of production using
conventional manufacturing and additive fabrication 11
12. ď Promotes Innovation
ď Communicate design ideasÂ
better through physicalÂ
models
ď Allows userâcenteredÂ
innovation to take place
i ti t t k l
â Democratizing Innovation
12
21. ď Laser system
Laser system
ď Scanning system
ď Print head
Print head
ď Extrusion nozzle
ď Materials: Emergence of more types of material
Materials: Emergence of more types of materialÂ
which can be used. Application ofÂ
Nanotechnology.
gy
ď 3D CAD software: Improvement in speed,Â
accuracy and user interface.
21
22. ď Technology improvements lead to cost reduction
of components and material.
ď Open source community: Shared knowledge and
experiences (e.g. RepRap printers).
ď As 3D Printing is getting better, demand for 3D
g g g
printing application increases significantly.
âIncrease in demand will lead to reductions in
cost and i
t d improvements i performanceâ â
t in f â
Christensenâs theory of disruptive innovation.
ď High end vs Low end
Highâend vs. Lowâend.
22
34. ď Computers
ď More powerful computersÂ
ď Higher resolution graphics
ď Faster data transferring techniques [e.g USB3.0, HDMI, etcâŚÂ ??]
ď 3DÂ CADÂ software
3 f
ď 3D printerâcentric solid modeling softwareÂ
ď Easy to use interface
ď Incorporated analysis software (e.g FEA, etcâŚ)
d l f ( )
ď Lasers
ďI
Improvement in lasers used to âcureâ the materials quicker
ti l dt â â th t i l i k
ď Material
ďI
Improved and new materials to cater the needs of 3D printers
d d t i l t t th d f 3D i t
(e.g Nanoâmaterials for better surface finish and strength)
34
36. Figure 1: Growth of 3D-Printing industry Figure 2: Countries that have adopted the 3D-printing technology
*in millions of dollars. *cumulative systems installed by country through the end of 2008
2009 and 2010 are forecast
services
p oducts
products
Source: Terry Wohler Report 2010
36
38. ď Whatâs next for 3Dâprinters?Â
Success of the 3D printers lies on:
âş Further improvements in supporting technologies andÂ
components
⺠Reduction in cost of 3D printers and consumables
âş C
Consolidation and creating standards
lid ti d ti t d d
⺠Innovative and feasible business models
ď Key to manufacturing will change from EconomiesÂ
y g g
of Scale to Economies of Knowledge
ď Mass production to mass customized products
ď Greener production/consumption
ď Good ideas can be shared even more rapidly withÂ
3DÂ printing
3D i ti
ď Barriers to entry for new businesses will be lower
38
39. Is 3D printing
What would we
going to disrupt
need
the existing
g
manufacturers
f t
technologies
for if there is
machine that
can print a
machine
What will
happen to the Will everybody
ill b d
supply chain of own 3D printers
the one day
manufacturing
f
industry
39
41. 1. ADVANCES IN RAPID PROTOTYPING D18E Š 2008 Frost & Sullivan
2. 3D Printer Benchmark: North American Edition, T. A. Grimm & Associates, Inc., June 2010
3. World Rapid Prototyping Equipment Markets N191â30, Š 2007 Frost & Sullivan
4. EMERGING INDUSTRIAL MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGYââ RAPID PROTOTYPING D273Š 2004 Frost & Sullivan
5. FACTORY@HOMETHE EMERGING ECONOMY OF PERSONAL MANUFACTURING, OVERVIEW AND RECOMMENDATIONSA (HOD
LIPSON, Cornell University MELBA KURMAN, Triple Helix innovation), report commissioned by the US Office of Science and
Technology Policy, December 2010
6. The Wholer Report 2003, Terry Wholer Copyright 2003
7. The Wholer Report 2006, Terry
The Wholer Report 2006, Terry Wholer Copyright 2006
8. The Wholer Report 2010, Terry Wholer Copyright 2010
9. Roadmap for Additive Manufacturing, Identifying the Future of Freeform Processing, The University of Texas at Austin Laboratory
for Freeform Fabrication Advanced Manufacturing Center, Copyright 2009
10. Worldwide Trends in Additive Manufacturing, Terry Wohlers, RapidTech 2009: US-TURKEY Workshop on Rapid Technologies
11. âThe impact on industrial design by the development of threeâdimensional printing technology from a technical perspectiveâ,Â
âTh i t i d t i l d i b th d l t f th di i l i ti t h l f t h i l ti â
Xing Liu, Xiaojiang Zhou, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Copyright 2010
12. Fused Deposition Modeling  http://www.timeâcompression.com/articles/html/fused_deposition.html
13. 3D printing technique applied to rapid casting by Elena Bassoli and Andrea Gatto Department of Mechanical and Civil
Engineering, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
14. Direct Digital Manufacturing: Advantages & Consideration By Scott Crump, CEO, Stratasys, Inc.
15. Three Dimensional Printing by Professor Emanuel Sachs, Mechanical Engineering Department , MIT
16. Additive Manufacturing for mass customization by Phil Reeves, Chris Tuck, Richard Hague , Additive Manufacturing Research
Group Wolfson School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering Loughborough University
17. Fab@home. http://www.fabathome.org
@ p // g
18. Reprap. http://www.reprap.org
19. Objet Technologies. http://www.objet.com
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