1. Case study : On village development by using
technology and policies in india
Presented by : Rashmi Ranjan
BCA III year
Guided by : Mr.Gopal Krishna Sharma
BCA Co-ordinator
Dev sanskriti vishwavidyalaya,gayatrikunj shantikunj haridwar(uttarakhand), ph.no.01334-
261367,Email-info@dsvv.ac.in,web:www.dsvv.ac.in

2. Case Study of Village Neriga, Karnataka, India:
Demography of the Village: Neriga Village is a small village near the outskirts
of the city of Bangalore. It is located approximately 24 km from the city of
Bangalore. Neriga village is about 400 hectares and rests at an elevation of
about 900 meters above sea level. In the village, there are no facilities such as
hospitals, banks, police stations or markets.
Population details:The current population of the village is 6,000 people. This
is a significant increase from the census taken in 2001 that showed a number of
1,345.
Information on the population: The primary language spoken in the village is
Kannada. Many residents also speak fluent Telugu. The literacy rate lies around
the range of 80%. The average yearly income of a family living in Neriga
village is 15,000 rupees. The government has started a system called the “ration
card”, which sells goods to people at reduced prices. The number of people in
Neriga village who have the ration card is 1600 people. The government also
provides school going children with free books and free lunch.
Occupation: The primary occupation of the residents of Neriga village is
agriculture. The agricultural production includes paddy (rice), raagi, roja,
kanakambara and some vegetables. Sericulture is also practiced. The village is
known for its Nilagiri plantations. Small-scale brick industries are also located
in the village. A number of about 100 people work outside of Neriga village
Schooling: Even though the literacy rate in the village is about 80%.An average
of 20 people in the village finish school upto 10th grade. In Neriga village, there
is only a primary school. Students must go to a nearby village to study middle
and secondary school.
The main reason for student dropouts are as follows:
 Lack of awareness: Parents with little or no education awareness want
their children to leave school.
 Lack of funding: After grade 8, a small amount of money is to be paid in
order to continue going to school. Some cannot afford this.
 Work: Sometimes, children are needed to work to help improve the
family income. Children that leave school go and work in farms and
make 25 – 50 rupees a day.
 Marriage: Children get married and therefore stop coming to school.

3. Village Leadership structure: There is a fully functional local panchayat that
holds the leadership position in Neriga village. The head of the Panchayat is
known as the Sarpanch. The village is a part of the Anekal Taluk of the state of
Karnataka.
Healthcare:There is no local hospital or health care centre in the village. The
minimum distance a person must travel to receive proper healthcare is 8 – 9
kilometers in the town of Varthur. For Neriga village, there is one government
appointed health worker who visits the village everyday. The health worker
provides first aid and some basic medicines that may be required by the people.
Once in 3 months, a doctor visits the village and performs some regular
checkups. These checkups include blood sugar tests, eye checkups and blood
pressure checks.
Availability of power: The village of Neriga only receives 8 hours of power
per day. There are no forms of backing up this power, by any form of generators
and other such equipment.
Technology:As stated before 15 people have taken computer courses in the
village of Neriga. In the village, there is no access to computers or Internet.
Students also cannot make use of this technology to their benefit. Surprisingly,
cell phones are very common in the village of Neriga. Almost each household in
the village owns a cell phone. It is used as a family owned device, more than a
personal device. The devices used, however, are very basic and capable of only
voice conversions.
Case for Action:
1. How can we harness technology to provide better livelihood options and
opportunities to the people of this community?
2. How can we apply technology to meet the healthcare needs of this village
community?
3. How can we create a technology aided solutions to improve the
educational level of this community, taking into account all the factors
that lead to a high school dropout rate?
4. How can we better the quality of life of the people of this community
while taking into acccount the challenges in terms of availability of
resources?

4. Warana: The Case of an Indian Rural Community Adopting ICT
 Information and Communications Technology (ICT) can be used as an
effective tool for rural development.
 An example of the adoption of ICT by a rural community is the Warana
“Wired Village” project, in the state of Maharashtra, India.
 There, the local cooperative is using ICT to streamline the operations
connected with sugar cane growing and harvesting.
 This is benefiting small farmers, both in terms of transparency and time
saved on administrative transactions, as well as the cooperative, in terms
of monetary gains.
 Information and Communications Technology (ICT) can be used as an
effective tool for rural development in India and elsewhere in the
developing world.
 An example of the issues involved with the adoption of ICT by a rural
community is given by the experience of the Warana Group of Co-operatives
(WGC), which is using ICT to streamline the operations
connected with sugar cane growing and harvesting.
 Warana is a well-developed rural area located 30 kilometers northwest of
the city of Kolhapur, in one of the richest states of India, Maharashtra.
 Much of Warana’s success is due to the presence of a strong co-operative
movement, the WGC.
 About 50,000 farmers live in 100 villages spread in the 25,000-sq.
kilometer area covered by the co-operative.
 The main economic activity is sugar cane growing and processing. ICT
was brought to this area by the Warana "Wired Village" project, launched
in 1998 as a collaboration between the National Informatics Centre
(NIC), the Government of Maharashtra, the Warana Vibhag Shikshan
Mandal (Education Department) and the WGC.
 The right conditions to bring ICT to Warana exist both in terms of human
development and of infrastructure, as, for instance, there is uninterrupted
power supply in the area.
The Warana Wired Village Project
Goals of the Project
 The Warana “Wired Village” project was initiated in 1998 by the Prime
Minister’s Office Information Technology (IT) Task Force.
 The stated goal of the project is not only to increase the efficiency and
productivity of the sugar cane co-operative, but also to provide a wide
range of information and services to 70 villages around Warana.

5.  The project aims in fact at giving villagers access to information in local
language about crops and agricultural market prices, employment
schemes from the government of Maharashtra, and educational
opportunities.
 However, some of the project’s features have not been implemented yet:
these include distance learning at IT centers, the digitalization of land
records, and the connection of all of the cooperative’s “business centers.”
 Information on sugar cane growing and agricultural prices lies unutilized
and has not been updated since 1998; this information was centrally
provided by NIC, and local staff was unable to update it independently.
Benefits from the project
 The project has already increased the efficiency of the sugar cane
growing and harvesting process, both in terms of time saved by the
farmers on administrative transactions as well as in terms of monetary
gains.
 Before computerization, it used to take two or three days for farmers to
find out how much they had spent and how much they had earned during
the harvest, while now all it takes is a visit to the village kiosk.
 And as a result of computerization, fertilizer stocks are now smaller and
better managed, which is said to have brought savings of about
US$750,000 to the cooperative.
Potential for new ICT applications
 The area around Warana Nagar is already quite well served by telephone
services.
 Many households have a telephone at home and there are several local
and long distance phone booths.
 The community uses telephones mostly for social purposes, to keep in
touch with other villagers and to organise weddings.
 But the Internet could answer other needs. Farmers, for instance, express
interest in accessing information on agricultural techniques and
innovations, as well as on crop prices.
 This information, if provided in the local language, would have a direct
impact on their livelihood, allowing them to raise productivity and to sell
their products at a better price.
 The younger generations, in turn, are more aware of the potential of the
Internet. At an information kiosk which is connected to the Internet, for
instance, they are already paying 45 cents per hour to surf the web

6. (mostly for job searches and entertainment), and to email distant friends
and relatives.
 Young people also express great interest in computer training, as this will
help them find better job opportunities.
 Access to government services through the Internet would also benefit
people in Warana.
 Currently most grievances about government services are said to be
solved through the local village committees (panchayats); but when the
panchayats cannot help, farmers have to go to the government offices in
the city, which involves a great loss of time and money.
 Thus, the usefulness of sending grievances and downloading government
forms, as well as the possibility of accessing land records.
CRITICAL REQUIREMENTS FOR VILLAGE KNOWLEDGE
MANAGEMENT SYSTEM:
NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT:
1. Land information systems: Village level land use maps, showing soil
characteristics, fertility, location and status of water sources and their quality,
indicators of soil productivity status (Same, better or worse compared to the
benchmark, GPS based grid system to encourage precision farming to
economise on external inputs and move towards low external physical inputs
based sustainable agriculture. The GIS will incorporate farmer based plot level
information with the ability to monitor the state and the utilisation of future
investments and their effect on risks mitigation.
2.Agro meteorological information base: Village level network of recording
type automatic weather stations with appropriate analytical tools to convert
observations into indicators and inputs for decision support system.
3.On-farm research and technology development: Development of
contingency crop and livestock options, blending farmers‟ innovations from
different regions to generate low costs affordable and adaptable solutions.
4. Pests, disease and nutrient management at farm level: Incorporating non-chemical
pests management strategies to reduce, if not eliminate application of
chemicals.

7. SOCIO-ECONOMIC INDICATORS:
5. Monitoring system for socio-economic indicators: Anticipating household
level to stress due to market and non-market based fluctuations and their
varying effects on different classes of farming in different villages.
6. The monitoring of household level access to formal credit and flexibility in
its rescheduling and rehabilitation in the event of market or environment based
risks.
7. Creating platform for informal lenders to share their terms and by
legitimising competition among them, improving conditions of delivery.
8. Preventing fore closure of properties of small farmers through debt and
providing insurance cover.
9. Tracking markets and their effects on farmers under stress: Social
reporting system will need to be developed so that anybody noticed under
excessive stress and facing closure of most options is reported to the District
Emergency Response System. The distress becomes despair after other options
are exhausted.
EDUCATION, HEALTH AND NUTRITION:
10. Monitoring educational and health status of various family members,
particularly under economic stress, outside formal institutional lending or under
default to the moneylenders.
11. Developing linkage between soil, crop and human health, anticipating
implications of changing food habits because of grains distributed through PDS
or otherwise.
12. Monitoring chronic nutritionally deficit regions and households: Special
measures to be initiated for providing relief in such regions in a manner that
women and children do not suffer excessively contributing to the family
distress.
13. Providing emergency health response in case of attempted suicide or
other socio-psychological indicators of depression: In the post crop failure
and other such disasters, special counselling would be needed to avoid distress
becoming despair. It is understood that mere counselling may not help. But, it

8. might create room for manoeuvre for absorbing institutional slackness or inertia
in responding to household level critical situations.
Global village
 Today, tshe term "Global Village" can be used to describe the Internet
and World Wide Web.
 On the Internet, physical distance is even less of a hindrance to the real-time
communicative activities of people, and therefore social spheres are
greatly expanded by the openness of the web and the ease at which
people can search for online communities and interact with others who
share the same interests and concerns.
 Therefore, this technology fosters the idea of a conglomerate yet unified
global community.
 According to McLuhan, the enhanced "electric speed in bringing all
social and political functions together in a sudden implosion has
heightened human awareness of responsibility to an intense degree."
 Increased speed of communication and the ability of people to read about,
spread, and react to global news quickly, forces us to become more
involved with one another from various social groups and countries
around the world and to be more aware of our global responsibilities.
 Similarly, web-connected computers enable people to link their web sites
together.
 This new reality has implications for forming new sociological structures
within the context of culture.
 Contemporary analysts question the causes of changes in community and
its consequences some potentially new sociological structure.
 Most of them have pointed out the fact that the increased velocity of
transactions has fostered interactional density, making social networks a
technical catalyst for social change.
 Across the global village people have reached out and transcended their
neighborhood.
 They are involved in complex community networks stretching across
cities, nations, and oceans.
 Yet the ease with which telecommunications connect friends of friends
may also increase the density of interconnections within already existing
social clusters.

9.  Therefore, the global village's implications on sociological structures are
yet to be found, whether it fosters cultural exchanges and openness or not.
Globalization Impact on Employment, Education, Culture and Rural
Development in India
Standard of living: Rural population has very low purchasing power than its
counterpart staying in urban areas. Occasional large scale purchases by few
(affluent and cooperatives) are made from urban markets since rural markets are
underdeveloped. People living in villages close to cities get an opportunity to
work as construction workers, vegetable sellers and contractual laborers.
Rural infrastructure: In Indian villages, people still live in houses made of
mud barring houses of few rich and progressive farmers. Houses constructed for
people in the name of "Indira Awaas Yojna" are poorly designed and offer
limited accommodation.
Employment: Labor migration to cities from rural areas in search of
employment is a common phenomena. There are various reasons for people
movement from villages to cities. These include desire for more comfort, higher
income and numerous job opportunities
A policy of minimum wages to daily paid labors is more a political move than
the help rendered to poor people. Schemes like NAREGA or MNREGA need
critical evaluation to make them welfare scheme before they turn game spoiler.
Roads: Government has initiated several developmental programs for uplifting
of living standards of poor people but full benefits have not reached to the
targeted population due to corruption prevalent in administrative and political
systems.Pradhan Mantri Gramin Sadak Yojna has resulted in road connectivity
in rural India but roads are of poor quality and without drainage support.
Electricity: Life in rural India is miserable due to non-availability of electricity.
Several states in India claim that 40, 50 or even 100 percent villages have been
electrified. But supply of electricity to villages that have been electrified is not
more than 3-4 hours per day.
Education: School buildings are available in few villages but number of
teachers is inadequate in primary schools. Benches, boards and other facilities
are of sub-standard quality. There is, however, one positive development that
girls are attending the schools in the villages. Also the number of students

10. attending graduate and post graduate courses is increasing but awareness among
students from rural areas lacks towards technical education
Technology: Technology has failed to percolate to villages in absence of
electricity and other communication infrastructure. Few people know about the
internet. However, well-to-do families have availed DTH and dish TV facilities.
Mobile connections are increasing in rural areas but at slower pace. There are
no small scale industries in villages to provide employment to educated youth.
Government is trying to push the technological changes in the agriculture to
make it a profitable venture. Efforts have resulted as success stories in selected
cases. Lack of irrigation facilities in rainfed areas has blocked the progress of
agriculture.
Agriculture: Globalization does not have any positive impact on agriculture.
Government never thinks to pay more to farmers so that they produce more
food grains but resorts to imports. On the other hand, subsidies are declining so
cost of production is increasing. Even firms producing fertilizers have to suffer
due to imports. There are also threats like introduction of GM crops, herbicide
resistant crops etc.
Policies:
Gram Tarang: Delivering Internet Banking Technology to 4850 villages in
India
Although India is one of those forerunners in the race of developing countries in
the world, it is interesting to note that 70% of India lives in its 6.6 lakh villages.
 80,000 villages have a population of more than 2000
 1.5 lakh villages – 1500 to 2000 people per village
 Rest, have a population less than 1000 people per village
So what do banks do from their end?
Bank agents from the villages submit their hard copy data to the nearest bank
branch. This is then sent as soft copy forms to the technology partners of Gram
Tarang like TCS, Genpact etc. After a thorough check, the technology partner
will provide a smart card to each applicant. Beneficiaries can virtually transact
with the smart card by visiting the agent and giving their thumb impression.
Their account then pops up for them to transact. After the transaction is done,
the agent also issues a receipt from the printer. The data will then reach the
server of the technology partner which is later sent to the banks.
What is Gram Tarang’s Role?

11. Gram Tarang Inclusive Development Services Pvt Ltd acts as the execution
partner for the nationalised banks in the country. Nationalised banks’ bids are
taken by technology companies. Gram Tarang works closely with these
technology partners to implement the inclusive banking model in villages in
India. Gram Tarang is involved in the selection process of agents, training
agents, monitoring them etc.
Started in 2010 by Venkat Sivanand Kumar, Gram Tarang Inclusive
Development Services currently
 Has 400 bank agents in Assam
 Works in 4650 villages in 8 states of India
 Andhra Pradesh – 2650 villages
 West Bengal – 850 villages
 And in several parts of Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Orissa, Chattisgarh, and
Tripura
 We want to service 25000 villages in 3 yrs, directly servicing 3 million
beneficiaries.
 We are planning to venture into solar energy space. These areas have
rampant power cuts.
 This is a big hindrance to our work especially with the agents using a
laptop. We are actually planning to give them solar kits, train the bank
agents on using solar kits and also ask them to cross sell to other
villagers.
 We are in touch with SELCO for this project,” concludes Venkat
Sivanand Kumar, Founder, Gram Tarang Inclusive Development
Services.
One village, one computer
Is information technology any use to poor and uneducated populations? 1V1C
has trained villagers not only to use computers, but to put them to productive
use in solving local problems. Surekha Sule reports.
It has been a widespread misconception that Information Technology (IT) is for
urban, better-off, literate and technology-savvy people. Is IT any use to poor,
uneducated rural populations? One Village One Computer is turning the
conventional wisdom on its head, getting near-illiterate, simple village folks to
not only handle computers but also solve some of their pressing problems
through computer applications.
 In the village of Manvat, in Maharashtra's Parbhani district, the local
youth generated a computerized database of unemployed persons eligible

12. for the central government's Employment Guarantee Scheme (EGS) and
communicated through the Internet with the administration. This two-way
flow of information brought the area around Rs.70 lakhs worth of
development investment in agriculture, water works, and sanitation,
employing 4000 persons from 22 villages around Manvat.
 In Nitrud, in Beed district, villagers collected 4 lakh litres of water
through a simple percolation technology after applying Jal Chitra's
software (see box) for water mapping and auditing that identified key
shortages and possible solutions to meet the demand.
 In Rodpali, in Raigarh district, villagers' land was acquired by the
government during the development of New Bombay. The village youth
prepared a computerized database on their educational background and
negotiated placement of 21 young persons in the company that came up
on the land they once tilled.
Anil Shaligram, the brain behind 1V1C, worked hard for five years to realize
his dream project with the initial help of the Maharashtra Foundation in
Washington.
Now 1V1C is a multi-agency, multi-location joint venture planning to go into
action in 500 villages this year. Already it has taken root in 70 villages in
Maharashtra with IT training provided to over 1600 persons, young as well as
old.
Even shy and coy village women are getting comfortable in front of the TV
screen with typewriter.
1V1C now has IT Sewa Kendras (service centers) in Murbi, Rodpali (Raigad),
Karad (Satara), Manvat (Parbhani), Alangul (Nashik), Nitrud (Beed), Dara,
Padalada (Dhule), and Mod (Nandurbar).
1V1C's core competency is in training and capacity building of village
volunteers who are trained in short duration camps to themselves act as trainers
all over Maharashtra.
Empowered with knowledge, training, hardware and software, these volunteers
form a network to solve village problems.
As part of Year of Scientific Awareness 2004, recently 1V1C organized three
camps in New Mumbai - the first for 10 days providing training in computer
operations and the use of Jal Chitra software.

13. The second camp for five days was exclusively for 150 women from all over
Maharashtra.
The third for five days was open to all and was attended by 125 persons from all
walks of life - farmers, village youth, activists etc from all over Maharashtra.
From hereon, the training will be held in different districts, aiming to spread
computer literacy throughout the region.
Jal-Chitra
Dr Vikram Vyas, a physicist comfortably settled abroad, decided to return to
India about a decade ago. Struck by the extreme hardship in pursuit of drinking
water in Rajasthan villages. His software Jal-Chitra has been adopted by 1V1C
and was successfully implemented for solving water problems in several
villages.
Some of the salient features of Jal Chitra:
 Allows the users to make an interactive water map of the village.
 Allows the community to keep record of amount of water available from
each of the water sources.
 Facility for keeping record of water quality testing.
 Facility for keeping record of maintenance work required and the
maintenance works that has been done.
 Estimates the water demand for domestic use, for livestock, and for
agriculture. This is done by keeping record of human population,
livestock population, and farm records.
 The farm records also suggest the optimal water irrigation required
depending on the crop planted and the amount of rainfall.
 Generate future monthly water budget based on the past records, as more
monthly records are kept the corresponding budget become more reliable.
 Informs community as to how much of its annual water need is being met
from underground water and the approximate amount of recharging that
is taking place.
 Finds out the reliability of covered rainwater harvesting systems.
 Shows the amount of the community's need that is being met through
rainwater harvesting systems and how it compares with total potentiality
of rainwater harvesting in the given village.
1. Space Technology Enabled Village Resource Centre (VRC)
Village source Centres (VRCs) for Societal Development

14. There are more than 600,000 villages in India, wherein around 700 million
people live.
Many of these villages are considerably deprived of basic amenities and
services, especially in the areas of education, healthcare, sanitation and
empowerment. Improving the quality of life in the villages is an integral part of
the overall national development endeavour in the country.
Space technology, as the powerful enabler, provides a variety of vital inputs for
holistic and rapid development of rural areas, and villages in specific.
India has been among the world leaders in developing end-to-end capability in
both satellite remote sensing and communication.
Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) has made remarkable progress in
building state-ofthe- art space infrastructure such as the Indian National Satellite
(INSAT) for communication and the Indian Remote Sensing (IRS) satellites for
earth observation.
ISRO has also been a champion in demonstrating the use of space technology
for societal good.
ISRO has piloted several socially relevant space application projects like the
Satellite Instructional Television Experiment (SITE), the Training and
Development Communication Channel (TDCC), the Jhabua Development
Communications Project (JDCP) using INSAT; and finding prospective
groundwater zones to provide drinking water in villages, providing land and
water resources development plans at watershed level using IRS.
Space based services, emanating from Satellite Communication (SatCom) and
Earth Observation (EO) hold much value in transforming the village society.
While SatCom provides the conduit for effective delivery of information and
services across vast regions, the EO provides community-centric spatial
information in terms of geo-referenced land record, natural resources, sites for
exploiting groundwater for potable and recharge, incidence of wastelands
having reclamation potential, watershed attributes, environment, infrastructure
related information, alternative cropping pattern, etc.
Space based systems are effective in supporting disaster management at
community level, wherein the vulnerability and risk related information, early
warning, forecast of unusual/extreme weather conditions, etc., provide for
building resilience at village community level.

15. ISRO has embarked upon VRC programme to disseminate the portfolio of
services emanating from the space systems as well as other Information
Technology (IT) tools, directly down-the-line to the rural communities.
VRCs essentially have: digital connectivity (for videoconferencing and
information transfer) with knowledge centers and specialty healthcare providers
enabled via INSAT; spatial information on natural resources generated using
IRS data; a host information pertaining to management of natural resources and
socio-economic relevance; and facilities for primary healthcare services and
distance education.
With the involvement of stakeholders, VRCs will catalyse rural
entrepreneurship; and facilitate e-Governance and other services of social
relevance. ISRO is implementing VRC programme in partnership with reputed
NGOs, Trusts and other agencies including the Governmental ones.
VRC Services – Portfolio Tele-education: Focus is on imparting vocational
training at local level - aimed at skill development and capacity building to
catalyse livelihood support in rural areas; supplementary teaching to rural
children; and non-formal and adult education.
Tele-healthcare: Thrust is on both preventive and curative healthcare at
primary level. The Telemedicine system at VRCs consists of customised
medical software, with certain medical diagnostic instruments. With the help of
local doctor/ paramedic, expert medical consultation and counseling are
provided to the villagers from specialty hospitals. Healthcare awareness is also a
major activity of VRCs.
Land and Water Resources Management:Information on land and water
resources extracted from satellite images is organised in Geographical
Information System (GIS), and provided to the villagers through the VRC. The
local farmers, availing the support of the skilled/ trained personnel managing
VRCs, utilise this information for better management of their land resources.
Interactive Advisory Services: VRCs facilitate interactions between the local
people and experts at knowledge centers - Agricultural Universities, Technical
Institutions, etc - on a wide range of subjects such as alternative cropping
systems, optimisation of agricultural inputs-like seeds, water, fertilizer,
insecticides, pesticides, produceroriented marketing opportunities, crop
insurance, etc.

16. Tele-fishery: VRCs located at coastal tracts are being provided with near real
time information on satellite derived Potential Fishing Zones (PFZ).
Information pertaining to inland fisheries, aquaculture, etc., is also provided
through VRCs as relevant.
e-Governance services: The services include information and guidance to local
people on village oriented governmental schemes on agriculture, poverty
alleviation, rural employment, social safety nets and other basic entitlements,
animal husbandry and livestock related, micro-finance related, etc.
Weather Services: Short, medium and long-term weather forecasts, at local
level; and agrometeorology advisory services are being enabled.
Others: Depending on the local needs, each VRC
provides a host of other services.
Cyber transparency:
Another initiative introduced under the project is the web based program
OMMAS. The Online Management, Monitoring and Accounting System
provides information and data on various aspects of road building .
The data includes details of the facilities available at each project village, its
habitation, the type of road project undertaken, name of the contractor, the
standard bidding document and the progress of the project.
In addition, a Geographic Information System (GIS) has been set up in HP and
Rajasthan on a pilot basis.
The website provides information on the physical features of the villages and
districts. This knowledge helps in selecting the area for road building or for
upgrading.
Geographical Information System:GIS has been developed as a useful tool
for planning, budgeting and program monitoring of the Rural Roads Project.
It provides linking of maps with the software for on-line management,
monitoring and accounting.
The program provides total transparency and is accessible to all citizens as well
as those involved with the program.

17. Road Information System (RIS) will be added to the GIS. It is a detailed data
with geographical display of various information about the roads.
A web version of GRIMMS allows the user to access GIS on rural roads
database. It lists all the habitations, the tourist places, the condition of the roads,
the stage of construction, the road length, and boundaries with different States
and parliamentary constituencies.
It also mentions all the services available in a village and whether it is
connected with an all-weather motorized road or not. The public can access this
site.