Berkongsi ketika hari lahir... Bab 4 ini menceritakan tentang kesan-kesan perang Korea kepada negara-negara terbabit; China, Jepun, AS, Kesatuan Soviet, dan Korea Utara serta Korea Selatan itu sendiri.. Perlu ditegaskan bahawa perang Korea juga adalah batu loncatan kepada Perang Vietnam - yang akan dibincangkan mulai topik 5. Semoga perkongsian ini bermanfaat!

1. THE CONSEQUENCES OF THE
KOREAN WAR
Chapter 4
Prepared by:
HAFIDZ HAKIMI BIN HARON
LLB (Hons.) IIUM
Advocate and Solicitor ,High Court of Malaya

2. KEY QUESTIONS;
What was the impact on Korea?
What was the impact on Japan?
What were the consequences for
China?
What were the consequences for
the USA?

3. THE IMPACT OF THE WAR ON KOREA
 Devastating causalities;
 10 Percent of the entire Korean
population reported as killed, wounded
or missing.
 600,000 homes were destroyed
 The population in the North declined
from 9mil to 7 mil.
 Korea peninsula remained divided.
 The two Koreas from then had
developed differently;
 North Korea: remained as what it is in
1950, with primitive dictatorship regime
and low standard of living. Its patrons ;
China and Russia had already abandon
communism, but North Korea still freeze
in time.
 South Korea: remained authoritarian
state for many years. The US agreed to
offer South Korea protection, but insisted
there will be no attacks on the North.
Democracy slowly developed in South
Korea. Could be argued as justified war,
as it fulfilled hopes of the UN and
Truman to install a democratic country in
the South Korea.

4. THE IMPACT ON JAPAN
 Basically Korean war was beneficial
to Japan’s economic and
democratic development.
 Korean war brings establishment of
the new Japan’s allies ; South
Korea.
 Japan benefited from the US
military spending during the Korean
war. As the key based of all
operations, Japanese defense
industry earned USD 3 Billion from
the sales by 1954. – helped
Japanese economic recovery after
WWII
 The USA also signed a security
pact with Japan in 1951 and had
persuaded the Japanese to begin
at least a partial rearmament as a
defense to the Soviet and Chinese
power. – before this Japan had
abolished its military capability
because of the WWII

5. THE IMPACT ON THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF
CHINA
 Human Cost
 150,000 troops were killed and many
wounded. – as a result of US-led coalition
bombings.
 It changed the Chinese Army perception that
war cannot only won by numbers and political
enthusiasm alone, but also must be parallel
with technological advancement.
 Economic Cost
 Even though there was some aid from the
soviet, it has burdened the poor country.
 Had slowed the regime drive to modernize
China.
 The war had prevented them from totally
wiped out the Nationalist hiding in Taiwan.
 Because of the war, China had been further
excluded from the UN’s membership.
 Success for China
 The Communist had stood up against outside
world as Mao had promised in 1949.
 War had helped consolidating the regime’s
power and authority in China, as it has
justified repression and removal of whoever
challenge the regime.

6. THE IMPACT ON THE UNITED STATES
 Human and economic cost
 33,651 Americans died in combat,
and 103,284 wounded.
 It is very expensive in economic
terms too. – 14% of their GNP (gross
national income) in 1953. (which was
very expansive for a “police action”)
 US army also suffers humiliating
military setback in 1950, retreating
300 miles in the face of under-armed
Chinese soldiers – a disaster for the
US.
 Anti-Communist paranoia
 Brings McCarthyism- alleging
existence of communist plot in the
US.
 Senator McCarthy became a feared
presence in American politics. – then
supported by many senior Republican
party figures during Truman’s era.
 But Senator McCarthy soon faded
after Eisenhower became a President
as he became an embarrassment to
the Republican party.

7. THE IMPACT ON THE UNITED STATES
 Eisenhower ‘ I will go to Korea’
 Korea had undoubtedly helped Eisenhower to
win the US presidential election.
 During his campaign, he had spell out that he
would ended the Korean war, which the war
itself had became unpopular during 1952.
 But, he never specifically pointed out how he
would ended the war.
 Luckily, as Stalin died on 6 march, just weeks
after Eisenhower’s inauguration, the Korean
war soon ended.
 Increase in defence spending
 It had transformed the US from economic
superpower into a military one.
 The US had decided to carry out NSC 68 from
the National Security council to increase
military spending. – before the Korean war, the
President was reluctant to spend on military.
 It has helped to increase military capabilities in
numbers and technologies and also boost the
expansion of the CIA to conduct covert
operations.
 Defence industry was booming back home in
the US, which help to stimulate the economy
and prosperity. – even though it had forced the
US to cut its welfare-related programmes.

8. THE IMPACT ON THE UNITED STATES
 American commitments in Asia
 American commitments multiplied
 Taiwan, Japan and South Korea were all
now guaranteed by treaty and US troops
stationed appropriately.
 UN credibility
 UN had gained credibility, as many of the
countries had joined the fight against
North Korea under its banner.
 Truman’s administration had shown to
resist aggression but did it under the
International umbrella – shows sense of
morality.
 The US possibly can even bringing down
the Communist regime in China, but this
plan by McArthur had been rejected.
 Containment of Communism
 It has served as an instrument to contain
the spread of communism.
 Helped began to flow to the French in
Indo-China and the seeds were planted
for what became the USA’s involvement
in Vietnam.

9.  Thank you